• 비교문화연구
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• 제35권
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• pp.237-268
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• 2014

Examining swear words found in Korean and English, we aim to answer the following two questions: (i) 'What words develop into swear words?' and (ii) 'Why they do?' The utility of a swear word is frequently recognized as intimidation directed towards an opponent, emotional catharsis, and solidarity building among in-group members (Jay 1992, 2000, Kim 1997). We seek to go beyond this simple enumeration of possible functions of swearing and suggest an underlying mechanism at work to explain how these functions are achieved and why only certain types of words are employed in this pursuit. A close examination reveals that a swear word must contain either taboo or sadism as an essential component. Sexual pleasure adds another dimension to the basic components. Thus, if an expression contains a subset of the component set {taboo, sadism, sex} in its semantics, it becomes available for swearing (one of the underlined components must be included in the set). For example, many religiously sacred expressions and words for excretion are common swear words as they violate social and religious taboo. On the other hand, words referring to social minorities are a convenient target for sadism. Furthermore, words describing sexual activity contain all three components, violating social taboo, evoking sadism, and giving the initiator guilty sexual pleasure. A combination of the components can produce an emotional effect called catharsis for the initiator. When directed towards others, these components, especially taboo and sadism, can be exploited as a verbal attack, an intimidation, preceding or replacing a physical attack. However, solidarity building is analyzed as a secondary function of swearing, achieved by sharing a sense of accomplice when in-group members behave badly together, such as violating social taboo and committing sadism.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.230-244
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• 2014

이 연구는 터부 게임을 활용한 지리수업이 학생들의 학습에 미친 영향을 분석한 것이다. 터부 게임은 한 모둠이 금기단어를 사용하지 않고 주제어를 설명하면, 다른 모둠들은 그 주제어를 유추하여 답변하는 것이다. 각 모둠이 작성한 터부 게임 학습지를 분석하고, 심층면담을 토대로 터부 게임이 학생들의 학습에 미친 영향을 도출하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 금기단어를 사용하지 않고 주제어를 설명해야 하는 모둠의 경우, 다른 모둠들이 쉽게 알아 맞힐 수 없도록 내용을 설명하는 과정에서 주로 확산적 사고를 한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 주제어를 설명하는 모둠에 비해 그 설명을 듣고 주제어를 유추해야 하는 다른 모둠들의 경우, 확산적 사고보다 수렴적 사고에 의존하는 경향을 보였다. 셋째, 학생들은 주제어를 설명하는 모둠의 역할과 주제어를 맞추는 모둠의 역할을 모두 경험하기 때문에, 수렴적 사고와 확산적 사고를 함께 학습하였다. 넷째, 터부 게임은 금기단어를 사용하지 않고 주제어를 설명하거나 그러한 설명을 듣고 주제어를 유추하는 과정에서 학생들의 의사결정력, 비판적 사고력, 메타인지 등의 고차사고력 함양에 중요한 역할을 한 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 학생들은 문제해결을 위해 교과 지식은 물론, 다른 교과에서 학습한 지식, 일상생활을 통해 경험한 직접적 지식, 그리고 미디어를 통해 간접적으로 획득한 지식 등 다방면의 지식을 함께 활용 하였다.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2009

The objective of this article is to analysis of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Fix-a-day Method (AMFDM;鍼灸擇日) shown in the Seunjeongwon-Ilgi(承政院日記). Through such inquisition, The practical application of AMFDM could be found. The authors used web database of Seunjeongwon-Ilgi(承政院日記) serviced by National Institution of Korea History. We searched the database twice. First, We check up the database using key words - '忌日', '吉日', '拘忌', '鍼', '針' and '灸'. Search words is "(忌日|吉 日|拘忌)&(鍼|針|灸)". Second, We check up the database using other key words - '瘟㾮', '爲吉', '爲受鍼吉'. 1. AMFDM was used whenever Royal Family was cared. Futhermore, Its application method was as same as medical documents said. 2. AMFDM in the Seunjeongwon-Ilgi consists of Taboo-day(忌日) and Favor-day(吉日). Taboo-day is classified into following 5 type. Weather, Moon phases, The 24 solar terms(節氣), Spirit-location(人神), KunJie-12-deity(建除十二神) and OnHuang-day(瘟㾮日). 3. Sometime contradiction was occurred when AMFDM was used. So AMFDM had the priority order. According to these's order, doctor picked up a date. 4. Doctor used AMFDM to control Interval of treatment. They thought that acupuncture treatment exhaust one's Qi(氣). Using AMFDM, they could give recovery period to patient.