• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.149.1-149
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• 2003

A lily strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (LK-CMV) was not able to systemically infect zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo), while Fny strain of CMV (Fny-CMV) caused systemic mosaic and stunting symptom at 4 days post-inoculation on the same host species. The pathogenicity of LK-CMV in zucchini squash was investigated by reassortments of genomic RNAs of LK-CMV and Fny-CMV for infection, as well as by pseudorecombinants generated from biologically active transcripts of CDNA clones of LK-CMV and Fny-CMV, respectively. The assessments of pathogenicity for LK-CMV indicated that RNA2 of LK-CMV was responsible for systemic infection in zucchini squash. In the protoplast of zucchini squash, the RNA accumulations of all constructed pseudorecombinants were indistinguishable and LK-CMV replication was slightly lower than that of Fny-CMV, suggesting that the inability of LK-CMV to infect squash plants was responsible for the poor efficiency of virus movement, rather than the reduction of replication function.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.371-375
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• 1998

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivars including NC 82 and KF 114, and Datura stramonium, Physalis floridana, Gomphrena globosa, and Chenopodium spp. were added to the previous host plants tested for the further examination on the biological characteristics of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) strains isolated from tobacco (TMV-Common), tomato (TMV-Tomato), and pepper (TMV-Pepper), In TMV-Tomato and TMV-Pepper, different symptoms were noted in P. floridana (no symptom development), and NC 82 (local lesion production on the inoculated leaves) from TMV-Common with which systemic mosaic symptoms were developed. Local lesions were developed in KF 114, D. stramonium, G. globosa, and Chenopodium spp by TMV-Common and TVM-Tomato, while no symptom was observed in KF114 and G. globosa. Also the number and size of local lesions were smaller in KF 114 than Xanthi-nc tobacco (local lesion host) infected with TMV-Tomato. Systemic necrosis was induced in Xanthi-nc and KF 114 when infected with TMV-C at high temperature, but not with the other strains.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1404-1415
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• 1992

To understand the factors influencing Atrial fibrillation and embolism in mitral valve surgery and prevent their risk, we have reviewed our 324 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery from Fev. 1982 to May 1992. Age, disease duration, lesion type, left ventricular function and left atrial dimension were chosen as preoperative factors influencing the incidence of atrial fibrillation and embolism and their postoperative course, The number and type of replaced valve, site of atriotmy, LA obliteration, ACT and use of Defibrillator were chaser. as operative factors influencing postoperative rhythm change and postop emb-olization. The results of analyses were as follows 1. The incidence of preoperative atrial fibrillation, systemic embolism and LA throbmus was 63. 6%, 10.56% and 19.8% relatively. 2. The preoperative factors of atrial fibrillation onset was old age, prolonged symptom duration, stenotic lesion, lager LAD and lower ejection fraction. In the preoperative systemic embolism preoperative factors were old age, female, stenotic lesion. The left atrial thrombus found more commonly in patients with atrial fibrillation, old age, prolonged symptom duration, stenotic lesion and low ejection fraction. 3. The preoperative atrial fibriation persisted postoperatively in 165[50.9%] and converted to normal sinus rhythm in 50[15.4%]. The preoperative normal sinus rhythm per-eisted in 100[31%] and atrial fibrillation was occured postoperatively in 9[2.7%]. The prolonged symptom duration was the preoperative factor of persist atrial fibrillation. 4. Among 95 long term follow-up patients, atiral fibrillation was continued in 59[60%]. Conversion to normal sinus rhythm was more common significantly in left atriotomy and bileaflet valve replacement. 5. There were 12 patients who had postoperative embolism. Female, persist atrial fibrillation, no LA olbiteration and tilting disc monocusp valve were considered as possible factors influencing postoperative embolism but was impossible to analyse their statistical significance due to small sample size. So we have concluded that the patients with above risk factors need anticoagulant and early surgical intervention. Left atriotomy with minimal atrial injury, left auricular obliteration and bileaflet valve replacement may be needed to reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation persist and embolism.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2009

Purpose: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning is an important medical emergency in Korea, but the factors leading to its serious manifestation are not well studied. Methods: We conducted a 5-year retrospective study of 98 carbon monoxide poisoned patients who visited the emergency departments of the Medical Center between December 2004 and March 2009. We categorized the patients into those exhibiting only local symptoms (group 1) and those showing systemic symptoms and complications (group 2). We compared the general characteristics as well as the clinical and laboratory findings between both groups. Results: The male to female ratio was 1.18. The most common systemic symptom was a mental change (43.9%), while the most common complication was rhabdomyolysis (31.6%). Poisoned area closed private room in group 2 were 23 (41.8%) cases and burning region in group 2 were 16(29.1%) cases (p=0.956). Individuals who were accidentally poisoned comprised of 43 (78.2%) cases while those that attempted suicidal poisoning comprised 12 (21.8%) cases (p=0.016). The most common symptom at arrival was mental change 33 (60.0%) cases in group 2. The mean time exposed to carbon monoxide was 43$\pm$3.97 hours in group 1 and 55$\pm$10.11 in group 2 (p=0.012). The patient's age, context of poisoning, symptom at arrival, and time exposed to the poison were found to be significant risk factors for complications by logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Carbon monoxide poisoning is an emergency medical condition and the risk factors involved in the development of serious complications must be evaluated.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.842-848
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the acupuncture & moxibustion therapy of the Wei symptom(痿證) in order to find out the clinical possibility. We investigated the acupuncture & moxibustion therapy of Wei symptom through six books published after 1993, searched sites as like 'Oasis', 'Pubmed', 'RISS', 'KISS', 'NDSL' and 'Google scholar'. Acupuncture & moxibustion prescriptions recorded in the orietal medicine literatures that were published before and after 1993 had a similar basis. Since 2000, in the clinical papers on the wei symptom searched from domestic journal, sa-am and dong's acupuncture therapy were mainly applied, but papers were confined in a case study. Since the mid-2000s, the clinical effectiveness of bee venom and electroacupuncture therapy on the wei symptom were uncovered, but the researches about the chracteristics in accordance with acupoints are more required. Since 2010, the mechanism of the bee venom and electroacupuncture on the wei symptom was revealed in animal experiments. On this basis, the systematic clinical studies beyond case paer or pilot study is(are) needed. The development of various treatment implements as like electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture was required to access the incurable disease like wei syptom, and the efforts of providing evidence through systemic clinical trials are needed.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.429-441
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• 2020

Objectives : Systemic sclerosis(SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs and vasculopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the trend in the research on SSc using herbal medicine. Methods : We searched for papers which had both systemic sclerosis and herbal medicine from Pubmed, KCI and NDSL. After searching papers, we classified according to the study design and analyzed selected studies. Results : 18 studies were searched. The types and numbers of study were as follows: 11 were in vitro or in vivo studies using herbal medicine or active components, and 7 were clinical research including case reports. 1. Herbal medicines include the therapeutic effects of "tonifying qi(補氣)" or "active blood(活血)" improved systemic sclerosis in vivo and in vitro studies. 2. Active components isolated from Herbal Medicine such as Astragalus membranaceus(黃芪), Zhizi(梔子), Salvia miltiorrhiza(丹蔘) have anti-fibrotic effects. 3. Clinical trials showed that herbal medicine can improve the symptom of systemic sclerosis including skin fibrosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, pain and gastric dysmotility. Conclusions : This study showed that herbal medicine can be effective for treating SSc. However, further studies are needed to develop novel medicine for SSc.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.434-436
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• 2017

Nine dogs with history of lameness and anorexia were presented. On physical examination, all dogs had gait abnormality and six dogs had high body temperature. Their clinical signs were mostly episodic, and only non-specific symptoms were occasionally observed. Arthrocentesis was performed in all dogs, and immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) was diagnosed. Definitive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) were diagnosed in one dogs, one each. Prednisolone (PDS) was chosen as the first-line therapy for all dogs, except for the one with RA. Most cases responded to PDS but some cases including those of SLE and RA were refractory to PDS. IMPA can be challenging to diagnose due to its vague symptom and is commonly implicated in 'fever of unknown origin'. Therefore, clinicians should consider IMPA as a differential diagnosis when the patient has fever with systemic, non-specific signs, such as anorexia and depression, but does not respond to antibiotics.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.478-482
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• 1989

Pulmonary sequestration is applied to the congenital malformation characterized by an area of embryonic lung tissue that derives its blood supply from an anomalous systemic artery. Two cases of pulmonary sequestration were treated at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, college of medicine, Hallym University. One case was extralobar type, associated with the pneumothorax due to rupture of bulla. The other was intralobar type with symptom of massive and recurrent hemoptysis. The supplying arteries of both cases arose from the thoracic aorta. The venous return of the extralobar type was systemic into the hemiazygos vein, and that of the intralobar type was normal into the inferior pulmonary vein. Treatment for the former was resection of the sequestrated lung, and that for the latter was lobectomy of the left lower lobe. With the brief review of literature, we report the cases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.92.1-92
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• 2003

In order to develop an effective spray program for control of apple white rot with reduced use of fungicides, the control efficacy of several fungicides that has been intensively used for control of the disease was assessed. They were sprayed on the same tree with 15 day interval from late May to early August. Just prior to and after each spray, 100 fruits were bagged with two layered fruit bag to limit the chemical application in only one time, and the disease incidence and latent infection frequency on the bagged apples were examined. Some fungicides such as folpet, iminoctadine-triacetate and azoxystrobin showed a high post-infectional activity even though the former two are non- systemic. Folpet suppressed symptom development, iminoctadine-triacetate reduced infection frequency and azoxystrobin acted in both ways. When those fungicides were ！！ adopted in a spray program, once in a cropping season, their post-infectional activity became much greater. This activity shown by the non-systemic fungicides was supposed to be derived from the peculiar infection process of the white rot fungus of which the pathogen is usually remain latent in the corked cells of lenticel until the apple reach mature stage.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.59-62
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• 2015

Objectives: A previous study showed that bee venom (BV) could cause anaphylaxis or other hypersensitivity reactions. Although hypersensitivity reactions due to sweet bee venom (SBV) have been reported, SBV has been reported to be associated with significantly reduced sensitization compared to BV. Although no systemic immediate hypersensitive response accompanied by abnormal vital signs has been reported with respect to SBV, we report a systemic immediate hypersensitive response that we experienced while trying to use SBV clinically. Methods: The patient had undergone BV treatment several times at other Oriental medicine clinics and had experienced no adverse reactions. She came to acupuncture & moxibustion department at Semyung university hospital of Oriental medicine (Je-cheon, Korea) complaining of facial hypoesthesia and was treated using SBV injections, her first SBV treatment. SBV, 0.05 cc, was injected at each of 8 acupoints, for a total of 0.40 cc: Jichang (ST4), Daeyeong (ST5), Hyeopgeo (ST6), Hagwan (ST7), Yepung (TE17), Imun (TE21), Cheonghoe (GB2), and Gwallyeo (SI18). Results: The patient showed systemic immediate hypersensitive reactions. The main symptoms were abdominal pain, nausea and perspiration, but common symptoms associated with hypersensitivity, such as edema, were mild. Abdominal pain was the most long-lasting symptom and was accompanied by nausea. Her body temperature decreased due to sweating. Her diastolic blood pressure could not be measured on three occasions. She remained alert, though the symptoms persisted. The following treatments were conducted in sequence; intramuscular epinephrine, 1 mg/mL, injection, intramuscular dexamethasone, 5 mg/mL, injection, intramuscular buscopan, 20 mg/mL, injection, oxygen ($O_2$) inhalation therapy, 1 L/minutes, via a nasal prong, and intravascular injection of normal saline, 1 L. After 12 hours of treatment, the symptoms had completely disappeared. Conclusion: This case shows that the use of SBV does not completely eliminate the possibility of hypersensitivity and that patients who received BV treatment before may also be sensitized to SBV. Thus, a skin test should be given prior to using SBV.