• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.339-343
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• 2010

A series of $Ce_1Mg_xZr_{1-x}O_2$ (CMZO) mixed metal oxide with different molar ratio were prepared by simple co-precipitation method. The prepared materials were tested for their catalytic activity performance using Knoevenagel condensation of various aromatic aldehydes with barbituric acid under solvent-free condition in microwave. The best catalytic activity was obtained with CMZO (1:0.6:0.4). The synthesized materials were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDS techniques.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.1337-1342
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• 2014

A novel and convenient route for the synthesis of a series of thalidomide derivatives is described. Compound 2 was cyclized with different amines under alkaline condition to obtain 4-nitro substituted phthalimidines 3a-d. Hydroxylactams 4a-d were produced via bromination and hydroxylation. Different acyl chlorides were reacted with hydroxylactams to provide the desired esters 5a-d. All compounds were evaluated by MTT assay for their inhibitory activities against HCT-116, MG-63, MCF-7, HUVEC and HMVEC cell lines in vitro. Most of them showed no obvious cytotoxic effect on normal human cells, compounds 4a-d, $5a_2$, $5a_4$, $5a_5$, $5b_2$, $5c_2$ and $5d_2$ exhibited potent antitumor activities, among which compounds $5a_2$ and $5b_2$ were more effective than 5-FU.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.367-370
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• 1992

Aflatoxins are highly carcinogenic agents consistantly found as contaminants in human food supplies in many areas of the world and epidemiologically linked to incidence of human liver cancer. To examine the carcinogenic action of aflatoxin $B_1$, aflatoxin $B_1-DNA$ adducts were chemically synhtesized with the reaction of 20 mg calf thymus DNA, and 8 mg standard aflatoxin $B_1$. Since DNA molecule was too large for analysis, it was fragmented by acid hydrolysis and heat. The fragmented aflatoxin $B_1-DNA$ adducts were selectively concentrated by immunoaffinity column procedure and confirmed by HPLC method. The main component was aflatoxin $B_1-guanine$ adduct, which was quantatively measured as 5.2 mg aflatoxin $B_1$.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.319-326
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• 2011

In order to investigate the potential of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) oil as an active ingredient for whitening cosmetics, we prepared N. sativa oil. We measured its inhibitory effects on mushroom tyrosinase activity, cellular tyrosinase activity, and melanin synthesis inhibitory activity in B16 melanoma cells. N. sativa oil and its components showed inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. In a melanin synthesis inhibition assay using mouse B16-F10 melanoma cell, it reduced melanin production up to 86 % at a concentration of 10 mg/mL without cytotoxicity. In the study on the melanogenic protein expressions by using RT-PCR and Western blot, N. sativa oil and its components inhibited expression of tyrosinase protein, which is a well-known key protein on melanogenesis, and tyrosinase expression was gradually decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, this result suggests that N. sativa oil could be used as an active ingredient for whitening cosmetics.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3212-3216
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• 2010

A new rhodamine-based sensor 1 was designed and synthesized by incorporating rhodamine B and benzimidazole moieties. Sensor 1 exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity to $Cu^{2+}$ in $CH_3CN$-water solution (HEPES buffer, pH = 7.0) with an obvious color change from colorless to pink. Other metal ions such as $Hg^{2+}$, $Ag^+$, $Pb^{2+}$, $Sr^{2+}$, $Ba^{2+}$, $Cd^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Ce^{3+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^+$ and $Na^+$ had no such color change and have no significant influence on $Cu^{2+}$ recognition process. The interaction of $Cu^{2+}$ and sensor 1 was proven to adopt a 1:1 binding stoichiometry and the recognition process is reversible.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.629-633
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• 1992

Caffeine이 랫드의 간조직에서 diethylnitrosamine(200mg/kg B.W., DEN)에 의해 유도되는 preneoplastic altered foci형성의 promotion단계에 미치는 효과를 관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Altered foci의 지표로 사용되는 glutathione S-transferase(GST-P)-positive foci의 수는 caffeine 음수 $m{\ell}$당 2mg 병행투여군($3.10{\pm}2.74$) 및 1mg병행 투여군($5.86{\pm}2.83$) 모두에서 DEN 단독투여 대조군($11.55{\pm}5.82$)에 비하여 현저히 낮게 나타났으며 면적 또한 caffeine 2mg 병행투여군($0.13{\pm}0.11$), 1mg 병행투여군($0.21{\pm}0.12$)에서 DEN 단독투여 대조군($0.76{\pm}0.33$)에 비하여 유의성있는 낮은 수치가 관찰되었다. 간 세포배양에서 unscheduled DNA synthesis(UDS)는 DEN($250{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of medium)단독처리군에 비하여 caffeine($200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of medium) 처리시 약 70% 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 caffeine이 간암발생의 promotion단계에 작용하여 억제효과를 나타냄을 암시하며 이는 DNA회복의 억제와 관계됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.439-448
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• 2003

Background : Surfactant protein B(SP-B) and surfactant protein C(SP-C) are important in accelerating surface spreading of surfactant phospholipid. The glucocorticoids accelerate the morphologic differentiation of epithelial cells into type II cells and increase the rate of phosphatidylcholine synthesis. The hydrophobic surfactant protein has been shown to be upregulated by glucocorticoids in vitro, however, its regulation in vivo is not well established. Methods : The authors investigated the effects of glucocorticoid on the accumulation of mRNA encoding SP-B and SP-C protein content of the lung. Adult rats were given different doses of subcutaneous dexamethasone and sacrificed at 24 hours and 1 week. SP-B and SP-C mRNA were measured by a filter hybridization method. Results : 1) The accumulation of SP-B mRNA at 24 hours after 0.2 mg/kg dexamethasone treatment was increased by 23.7%. 2) The accumulation of SP-B mRNA at 1 week after 2 mg/kg dexamethasone treatment was significantly increased by 96.6%(P<0.001). 3) The accumulation of SP-C mRNA at 24 hours after 0.2 mg/kg dexamethasone treatment was significantly increased by 42.7%(P<0.01). 4) The accumulation of SP-C mRNA at 1 week after 2 mg/kg dexamethasone treatment was significantly increased by 60.0% (P<0.01). Conclusion : The authors concluded that dexamethasone treatment in vivo resulted in increased levels of SP-B mRNA and SP-C mRNA. These results suggested that dexamethasone stimulates the synthesis of hydrophobic proteins associated with surfactant.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.12-12
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• 2008

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.754-758
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• 2001

Bovine oocytes with compact and complete cumulus cells were cultured for up to 24h in TCM199 buffered with 25mmol/l hepes and supplemented with 10% FBS (fetal bovine serum), 1mg/ml $17{\beta}$-estradiol, 20IU/ml hCG(human chorionic gonadotropin). All of the oocytes were divided into at 6 groups depending upon incubation times (control, 0 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 16 hours, 18 hours). To all experimental media, $200{\mu}g/ml$ puromycin was added at different incubation times mentioned above. Following these culture times, in vitro insemination was conducted with frozen-thawed bovine spermatozoa in medium BO (Brackett and Oliphant medium for in vitro insemination) with $10{\mu}g/ml$ BSA(bovine serum albumin) and 10 mg/ml heparin added. After 22h culture, the oocytes were fixed with acetic alcohol solution and stained with orcein acetic solution to evaluate sperm nuclear progression. Addition of puromycin after 0, 6 and 12 h of culture resulted in near of oocyte maturation at the M1 stage. Contrariwise, puromycin addition after 12 h of culture led to restoration of nuclear progression to M2 stage. On the one hand, puromycin affected the synthesis of Cyclin B protein that may be involved in the oocyte maturation and sperm capacitation for in vitro fertilization. The present study suggests the participation of protein synthesis, cyclin B, in the oocyte development from M1 to M2 stages in vitro.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used to treat a wide range of neurological disorders (e.g., paralysis and stroke) and skin problems (e.g., atopic dermatitis and eczema) in oriental medicine. This study was designed to investigate whether GEB extract inhibits melanogenesis activity in murine B16F10 melanoma. MATERIALS/METHOD: Murine B16F10 cells were treated with 0-5 mg/mL of GEB extract or $400{\mu}g/mL$ arbutin (a positive control) for 72 h after treatment with/without 200 nM alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH) for 24 h. Melanin concentration, tyrosinase activity, mRNA levels, and protein expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (Trp)1, and Trp2 were analyzed in ${\alpha}$-MSH-untreated and ${\alpha}$-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. RESULTS: Treatment with 200 nM ${\alpha}$-MSH induced almost 2-fold melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity along with increased mRNA levels and protein expression of MITF, tyrosinase, Trp1 and Trp2. Irrespective of ${\alpha}$-MSH stimulation, GEB extract at doses of 0.5-5 mg/mL inhibited all these markers for skin whitening in a dose-dependent manner. While lower doses (0.5-1 mg/mL) of GEB extract generally had a tendency to decrease melanogenesis, tyrosinase activity, and mRNA levels and protein expression of MITF, tyrosinase, Trp1, and Trp2, higher doses (2-5 mg/mL) significantly inhibited all these markers in ${\alpha}$-MSH-treated B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These inhibitory effects of the GEB extract at higher concentrations were similar to those of $400{\mu}g/mL$ arbutin, a well-known depigmenting agent. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that GEB displays dose-dependent inhibition of melanin synthesis through the suppression of tyrosinase activity as well as molecular levels of MITF, tyrosinase, Trp1, and Trp2 in murine B16F10 melanoma. Therefore, GEB may be an effective and natural skin-whitening agent for application in the cosmetic industry.