• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.91-91
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• 1997

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.157.2-157
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• 2001

This paper describes the synergism of Artificial Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic based approach to improve the reliability of transformer differential protection, the conventional transformer differential protection commonly used a harmonic restraint principle to prevent a tripping from inrush current during initial transformer´s energization but such a principle can not performs the best optimization on tripping time. Furthermore, in some cases there may be false operation such as during CT saturation, high DC offset or harmonic containing in the line. Therefore an artificial neural network and fuzzy logic has been proposed to improve reliability of the transformer protection relay. By using EMTP-ATP the power transformer is modeled, all currents flowing ...

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.234.3-235
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1039-1041
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.228.1-228.1
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• 2002

Hypoxia in solid tumors is known to contribute to intrinsic chemoresistance. Tirapazamine(TPZ). a hypoxia-selective cytotoxin. showed synergism with radiation or cytotoxic agents. Paclitaxel(PTX) is a highly active anti-cancer agent against Non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), however. due to poor penetration into central hypoxic region of tumor tissue. combination with TPZ has been suggested to enhance its efficacy. (omitted)

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.517-521
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• 2003

Superoxide dismutase which is metalloenzyme that decomposes superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. Vitreoscilla has FeSOD. Expression of FeSOD to paraquat was largely constitutive. This suggests that the basal level of FeSOD is sufficient to provide protection against superoxide generated during normal aerobic metabolism. Induction of SOD by iron supports that insertion of the active site metal into the corresponding apoprotein. The effect of paraquat on induction by iron seemed that iron brought the synergism effect in SOD activity with paraquat. It suggests that the relief of growth inhibition is due to protection against the lethality of O$_2$afforded by the elevated SOD. There may be control of FeSOD activity posttranslationally. Posttranslation control of enzyme function is particularly feasible for a metalloenzyme, for which conversion of apo- to holoenzyme may be the rate-limiting or regulatory step.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-45
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• 2020

Objectives In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of a 70% ethanol extract of Maneung-hwan (MEH), which is prescribed by practitioners of oriental medicine for use against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods The antibacterial activity of MEH against MRSA strains was evaluated using the disc diffusion method, broth microdilution method (minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC), checkerboard dilution test, and time-kill test. The mechanism of action of MEH was investigated by bacteriolysis using detergents or ATPase inhibitors Additionally, mRNA and protein expression were investigated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay, respectively. Results The MIC of MEH was 25~1,600 ㎍/mL against all the tested bacterial strains. We showed that MEH extract exerts strong antibacterial activity. In the checkerboard dilution test, the fractional inhibitory concentration index of MEH in combination with antibiotics indicated synergism or partial synergism against S. aureus. The time-kill study indicated that the growth of the tested bacteria was considerably inhibited after a 24-h treatment with MEH and selected antibiotics. To measure the cell membrane permeability, MEH (3.9 ㎍/mL) was combined with Triton X-100 (TX) at various concentrations N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide (DCCD) was also tested as an ATPase inhibitor. TX and DCCD cooperation against S. aureus exhibited synergistic action. Accordingly, the antimicrobial activity of MEH in the context of cell membrane rupture and ATPase inhibition was assessed. Additionally, the expression of genes and proteins associated with resistance was reduced after exposing MRSA to MEH. Conclusions These results suggest that MEH possesses antibacterial activity and acts as a potential natural antibiotic against MRSA.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.716-728
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• 1999

Whole oil and ketonic fraction (KF) of Leptospermum scoparium have been tested for their antimicrobial activity and combination effect with several antibiotics against various bacterial strains and fungi by using microbiological assay methods. Antibacterial activities of KF against a number of test strains were 2-3 fold stronger than those of whole oil. MICs of the KF were $65~125{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$ against seven gram positive bacterial strains, $65~250{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$ against 19 methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus strains, and $65~50{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$ against 14 quinolone resistance strains. However, KF showed little or no activity against gram negative bacteria. MICs of the KF were $16~250{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$ against more than 50% of the anaerobic bacterial strains tested. KF showed the higher antibacterial activity than bacitracin against 10 strains of Bacteroids thetaiotaomicron, or three strains of Bacteroides ovatus, and the more active than ciprofloxacin against one strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and three strains of Bacteroids ovatus. The MICs of KF was 63 and $250{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$ against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, respectively. Antibacterial activities of KF in combination with 19 antibiotics against 14 strains and with four antifungal agents against one fungal strain were determined by paper strip diffusion method. While most of combination showed additivity, KF showed synergism with bacitracin, exfadroxil, cephradin, and meropenem for 29~57% of the strains tested. However, ofloxacin, enoxacin, sparfloxacin showed antagonism with KF for 43~71% of the strains. KF alone and in combination with bacitracin, gentamycin, neomycin, itraconazole, fluconazole, terfinafine and ketoconazole against five bacterial strains or one fungus strain synergistic effect was demonstrated against 33% of strains examined with FIC index value below 0.5 by checkerboard study. Synergistic effect of KF with gentamicin against Staphylococcus epidermidis 329 (QRS) was found by time-kill study.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 2020

Rhizoremediation, based on the ecological synergism between plant and rhizosphere microorganisms, is an environmentally friendly method for the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. In order to mitigate global climate change, it is necessary to minimize greenhouse gas emissions while cleaning-up contaminated soils. In rhizoremediation, the main factors affecting pollutant remediation efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions include not only pollutant and soil physicochemical properties, but also plant-microbe interactions, microbial activity, and addition of amendments. This review summarizes the development in rhizoremediation technology for purifying oil-contaminated soils. In addition, the key parameters and strategies required for rhizoremediation to mitigate climate change mediation are discussed.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.473-481
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• 2020

Axl receptor tyrosine kinase has been implicated in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis in various cancer types. Axl overexpression has been observed in many cancers, and selective inhibitors of Axl, including R428, may be promising therapeutic agents for several human cancers, such as breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers. Here, we examined the cell growth inhibition mediated by R428 and auranofin individually as well as in combination in the human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 to identify new advanced combination treatments for human breast cancer. Our data showed that combination therapy with R428 and auranofin markedly inhibited cancer cell proliferation. Isobologram analyses of these cells indicated a clear synergism between R428 and auranofin with a combination index value of 0.73. The combination treatment promoted apoptosis as indicated by caspase 3 activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Cancer cell migration was also significantly inhibited by this combination treatment. Moreover, we found that combination therapy significantly increased the expression level of Bax, a mitochondrial proapoptotic factor, but decreased that of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. Furthermore, the suppression of cell viability and induction of Bax expression by the combination treatment were recovered by treatment with N-acetylcysteine. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that combined treatment with R428 and auranofin synergistically induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells and may thus serve as a novel and valuable approach for cancer therapy.