• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.29 no.12
• /
• pp.883-894
• /
• 2002

Classical deterministic testing controls the execution of concurrent programs based on the equivalence between specifications and programs. However, it is not directly applicable to a situation in which synchronization sequences, being valid but infeasible, are taken into account. To resolve this problem, we had proposed automata-based deterministic testing in our previous works, where a concurrent program is executed according to one of the sequences accepted by the automaton recognizing all sequences semantically equivalent to a given sequence. In this paper, we present the automata-based testing environment for Java multi-thread programs, and we design and implement "Deterministic Executor" in the testing environment. "Deterministic Executor" transforms a Java multi-thread program by applying automata-based deterministic testing, the transformed program presents testing results. "Deterministic Executor" uses "Automata Generator", which generates an equivalent automaton of a test sequence, and "Replay Controller", which controls the execution of programs according to the sequence accepted by the automaton. By illustrating automata-based testing procedures with a gas station example, we show how the proposed approach does works in a Java multi-threaded program.roach does works in a Java multi-threaded program.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.6 no.7
• /
• pp.1777-1788
• /
• 1999

The portability of Java language makes it possible to use heterogeneous computers without re-compiling of application programs. Java applet can also be transported to other computers via Web browser. In this research, a Cooperative Web Computing Environment(CWCE) that uses idle computers on the Intranet for cooperative parallel computing work is suggested. The CWCE allows to use more than a manager computer that sends applets and manages communication between other computers. The number of manager computers can be determined according to the characteristics of computing environment and any chosen application program. It can reduce the amount of communication overhead for the application programs especially with synchronized communication. For the CWCE, a decision function to determine the managing level is provided. The CWCE turns out to be useful computing environment for the applications with less computation request ratio and multi-managing can help to reduce the communication overhead especially for the applications with a high ratio of synchronization purpose communications.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.8 no.7
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2008

Concurrency and synchronization problems are often caused by database applications concurrently accessing databases managed by DBMS. Most commercial DBMSs support isolation levels to resolve these problems. Verification of isolation levels are most important because consistency and integrity constraints of the database can be violated according to isolation levels of transactions that consists of database applications. We propose a test tool set to verify and reveal faulty settings of isolation levels and implement a prototype of the test tool set. The proposed tool set analyzes the SQL statements of ESQL/C programs, attaches the test codes to verify isolation levels, runs the test transactions and detects errors.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.145-157
• /
• 2007

OpenMP is an attractive parallel programming model for a chip multiprocessor because there is no standard parallel programming method for a chip multiprocessor and it is easy to write a parallel program in OpenMP. Then, chip multiprocessor systems can have various architectures according to target application programs. So, we need to implement OpenMP in different way for each system. In this paper, we propose the implementation and the effective translation of major OpenMP directives for a chip multiprocessor without using OS to improve the performance without using special hardware and without extending the OpenMP directives. We present the experimental results on our target platform CT3400.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2008

A pellet program including a nested parallelism has a result of non-deterministic because of executed concurrently without synchronization. In order to detect like this error the visualization technique which is various is used. But the intuition characteristic is decreased because of limits of space and excessive abstraction. In this paper, proposes 3-D visualization engines which provide global structure of the arranging in a parallel program with nested parallelism which is complicated to the user. The visualization engine which is proposed provides global structure to the user as program easily to understand, it provides an effective debugging environment.

• Journal of Naturopathy
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 2022

Background: The singing bowl is a bowl-shaped percussion instrument and is used in meditation and healing programs, but the mechanism of its clinical effects is unclear. Purpose: In this paper, we reviewed the peculiar acoustic property of the singing bowl sound and discussed on physical mechanisms of the clinical effects of the singing bowl sound. Methods: We studied the literature by reviewing it. Results: There are multiple pitches at adjacent frequencies in the singing bowl sound, and they give rise to the beat phenomenon. This results in a solid persisting beating felt in the singing bowl sound. Furthermore, the beat that depends on singing bowls and playing methods includes a rhythm often similar to the frequency band of brain waves (theta wave) observed in meditative states and induces a synchronization phenomenon in which the rhythm activates the brain waves in meditative states. Furthermore, we are to infer that the clinical effect of the singing bowl sound is closely associated with the synchronization of brain waves to the beat rhythm of the singing bowl sound. Conclusion: To clearly understand the clinical mechanism of the singing bowl sound, we suggest further systematic studies on the psychological and physiological responses to the beats of the singing bowl sound.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.575-582
• /
• 2000

Because FIFO thread scheduling used in the existing multithreaded models does not consider locality in programs, it may result in the decrease of the performance of execution, caused by the frequent context switching overhead and delay of execution of relatively short frames. Quantum unit scheduling enhances the performance a little, but it still has the problems such as the decrease in the processor utilization and the longer delay due to its heavy dependency on the priority of the quantum units. In this paper, we propose shortest-frame-first(SFF) thread scheduling algorithm. Our algorithm selects and schedules the frame that is expected to take the shortest execution time using thread size and synchronization information analyzed at compile-time. We can estimate the relative execution time of each frame at compile-time. Using SFF thread scheduling algorithm on the multithreaded models, we can expect the faster execution, better utilization of the processor, increased throughput and short waiting time compared to FIFO scheduling.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 2017

Embryo transfer (ET) could be a relevant tool for genetic improvement programs in horses similar to those already underway in other species and produce multiple foals from the same mare in one breeding season. However, there have been no reports describing equine embryo transfer performed in Korea. In the present study, we performed an equine embryo collection and transfer procedure for the first time. We examined the embryo collection and pregnancy, size of embryo during the incubation period after collection, and progesterone (P4) and estradiol-$17{\beta}$ (E2) concentrations in mare's serum at embryo collection and transfer. A total of 16 donors responded to estrus synchronization; estrus was induced in 12 donors and 4 recipients, and artificial insemination was successful in 10 donors and six blastocysts were collected from donors. Of these blastocysts, we monitored the size of blastocysts for 3 day during incubation and transferred 2 blastocysts to a recipient, with 1 successful pregnancy and foal achieved. The dimensions of equine embryo at day 7 to day 9 were $409{\mu}m$, $814{\mu}m$ and $1,200{\mu}m$. The serum P4 and E2 concentrations were $7.91{\pm}0.37ng/{\mu}L$ and $45.45{\pm}12.65ng/{\mu}L$ in the donor mare, and 1$6.06{\pm}3.27ng/{\mu}L$ and $49.13{\pm}10.09ng/{\mu}L$ in the recipient mare.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.200-204
• /
• 2016

This study investigated whether presynchronization with GnRH 6 days before initiation of the Ovsynch program improved reproductive outcomes in dairy cows. Additionally, postponement of initiation of the Ovsynch program for cows during the metestrus phase by 5 days was investigated to determine if it improved reproductive outcomes. To accomplish this, 941 Holstein dairy cows with unknown estrous cycle were randomly allocated into an Ovsynch group (n = 768; $100{\mu}g$ gonadorelin [a GnRH analogue], $500{\mu}g$ of cloprostenol [$PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ analogue] seven days later, $100{\mu}g$ gonadorelin 56 h later and timed artificial insemination [AI] 16 h after) and a G6-Ovsynch (n = 173) that received $100{\mu}g$ GnRH followed by the Ovsynch program 6 days later. Additionally, 272 dairy cows with known estrous cycle (metestrus stage) received the Ovsynch 5 days later (Day 5-Ovsynch group, n = 272). The odds ratio (OR) for pregnancy was analyzed by logistic regression using the LOGISTIC procedure in SAS. The treatment group (p < 0.001) and AI season (p < 0.05) significantly affected the probability of pregnancy, whereas farm, cow parity, calving to AI interval, and body condition score had no affect (p > 0.05). The Day 5-Ovsynch group had a higher probability of pregnancy (OR: 1.71) than the Ovsynch group, while that of the G6-Ovsynch group was intermediate (p > 0.05). Cows inseminated during winter had a higher OR (1.39) than those inseminated during spring. Overall, additional GnRH treatment 6 days before the Ovsynch did not improve reproductive outcomes, whereas postponement of the initiation of Ovsynch by 5 days for cows during metestrus improved reproductive outcomes.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2011

Binary translation is a kind of the emulation method which converts a binary code compiled on the particular instruction set architecture to the new binary code that can be run on another one. It has been mostly used for migrating legacy systems to new architecture. In recent, binary translation is used for instrumenting programs without modifying source code, because it enables inserting additional codes dynamically, For general application, there already exists some instrumentation software using binary translation, such as dynamic binary analyzers and virtual machine monitors. On the other hand, in order to be benefited from binary translation in kernel-level, a few issues, which include system performance, memory management, privileged instructions, and synchronization, should be treated. These matters are derived from the structure of the kernel, and the difference between the kernel and user-level application. In this paper, we present a scheme to apply binary translation and dynamic instrumentation on kernel. We implement it on Linux kernel and demonstrate that kernel-level binary translation adds an insignificant overhead to performance of the system.