• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.2433-2443
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• 1996

In this paper, a new technique is proposed for obtaining the error probabilities of the VSB(vestigial sideband modulation) signal in the presence of the cochannel interference and frequency-selective fading channel. For the receivers, a suboptimal matched filter receiver and the MLSE(maximum likelihood sequence estimation) receiver, which is known to be optimal on the fading channel, are considered. First, for the matched filter receiver, the distributions of the random variables, which determine the SER(symbol error rate) are obtained by decomposing the multi-path fading channel into Rayleigh distributed main path and Gaussian distributed remained path channels. the random variables mean the energy of the main path and subpath respecitively, and SER can be calculated from the distribution of them. Next, for the case of the MLSE receover, it is found that the random variables are expressed as a function of integrals. In order to obtain the distribution for the random variables, we expanded each element of integrals with the KL(Karhunen-Loeve) transformation. And it is derived that the distributions for the transformed random variables are given by a sum of chi-square distributions. Finally, we calculated the error rate derived formula on the two-ray fading channel, which is one of widely used models for the frequency-selective fading channel. From the numerical results, it is found that for the matched filer receiver, performance degradation is significant, while the performance degradation at the MLSE receiver is insignificant on the frequency-selective fading channel. However, in case of cochannel interference environment, the error rateis found to increase significantly both at the matched filter and at the MLSE receiver.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2008

After the concept of apartments was introduced in 1960s in Korea, on account of the development of architectural technology and science, high-rise residences in Korea are getting higher, and these residences have been becoming high-rise commercial/residential buildings since 1990. Nowadays, as the construction of high-rise commercial residential building complex is booming, the difference between these complex and high-rise apartments is getting smaller, and these two kind of high-rise residences are becoming new residential style in Korea. And these high-rise residences are considered the symbol of wealth owing to the marketing strategy emphasizing high quality, refined interior, a fair view, and the protection of privacy. However, high-rise residences bring about many problems related to health and psychology caused by the consumption of a large amount of energy, pollutant emission, the deterioration of the quality of indoor air, and vibration. For this reason, in this study, we tried to emphasize the necessity of environment-friendly access to provide healthy living environment and to reduce the negative effect of housing life in high-rise residences, and find the method to improve environment-friendly quality and health of residents in interior space. Therefore, this study aims to detect the problems and the items to be improved of interior spaces of high-rise residences by quantitative, qualitative analysis of the evaluation elements and the floor planning elements deduced from environment-friendly architectural certification in Korea and the other countries, and suggest the guideline to improve the environment-friendly quality of these interior spaces.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.99-105
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• 2018

This paper proposes multiple access method for smart doorlock system using VLC(Visible Light Communication) with color grid modulation method. The proposed method is to connect multiple visible light signals using color grid modulation method in order to recognize and authenticate multiple users accessing doorlock. In order to enable visible light multiple access with existing infrastructure, the symbol energy interval of signal should be maximized. Thus, performance of system in VLC channel is measured by modulating symbols based on the proposed method. We confirm the actual channel test results of the modulated signal to implement doorlock system that recognizes the number of multiple access users.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.357-362
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• 2021

UWB(ultra wide band) communication systems employ short pulses to transmit information which spreads the signal energy over a very wide frequency spectrum. Received signal-to-noise power ratio of UWB signals is an important factor in determining the accuracy of a positioning system. As the signal to noise power ratio gets higher, positioning errors decrease since noise becomes less effective. Calculation of signal to noise power ratio as a function of communication distance provides important guidelines for the system design. And the performance of a positioning system also depends heavily on the channel model. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the performance of the received signal to noise power ratio according to the communication distance was better in the LOS channel environment than in the Non LOS(line of sight) channel environment. And as the symbol interval of the preamble signal increases at a specific communication distance, the channel capacity of the UWB system increases.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.57-64
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• 2009

Based on this article, I have analyzed the OFDM system which applies three types of equalizer forms in the two-path channel of the microwave baseband. The Two-path channel of microwave baseband had been simulated through the Rummler channel. In the Two-path channel, the OFDM system which has three forms of equalizer has been analyzed and the result is, equalizer 1-tab has great improvement in efficiency compared with Pre-FFT 11-tab which has noise power ratio less than 18dB. On the contrary, if the symbol energy to the noise ratio is more than 18dB, the equalizer which applies Pre-FFT 11-tab has greater efficiency compared to the equalizer which applies 1-tab frequency. Last but not least, the OFDM system which applies Dual equalizer has better efficiency compared to the system which has 1-tab frequency and equalizer which applies Pre-FFT 11-tab.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.383-408
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• 2010

This paper intends to suggest the positive, ecological vision of sustainability in Karen Hesse's Out of the Dust that Billie Jo Kelby recovers herself through her readjustment of interior consciousness and outer environment in her tragic situations caused by the Dust Bowl. In spite of her desires for happiness and affluence of home, she loses her mother and brother, and her musical talent as a pianist, and lies in self-abandonment. But she finally raises up herself with her courage and patience, reconciliating with the nature and ameliorating the community by taking care of the devastated landscapes. Hence it is appropriate to approach the loss-recovery process of nature and consciousness with ecological solutions, The Dust Bowl breaks down human mind and body, and eventually leads to the situations of despairs and death. Hesse proposes the primary solution that humans should reconstruct their interior consciousness and participate in recovering the nature because humans are inevitably linked with nature. In this novel, the nature takes a dynamic and active role as a catalyst, reconciling the self with other humans and settling with the conflicting situations in history and culture. This verse novel as an active, self-ordering, and corrective process gives the more intense ecological message. As Hesse defines the setting of Dirty Thirties as a channel of energy, she creates the utmost effects of ecological process that human and environment are part of a total situation, representing the transactional formulation, each conditioned by conditioning to the other. Therefore Billie Jo takes her part as an interpreter and actualizes herself, understanding the nature with metaphor and symbol. Eventually Billie Jo realizes that she should rebuild her environment not out of the dust but in the dust, accepting the reality of Dust Bowl.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2008

In conventional video coding, the complexity of encoder is much higher than that of decoder. However, as more needs arises for extremely simple encoder in environments having constrained energy such as sensor network, much investigation has been carried out for eliminating motion prediction/compensation claiming most complexity and energy in encoder. The Wyner-Ziv coding, one of the representative schemes for the problem, reconstructs video at decoder by correcting noise on side information using channel coding technique such as turbo code. Since the encoder generates only parity bits without performing any type of processes extracting correlation information between frames, it has an extremely simple structure. However, turbo decoding errors occur in noisy side information. When there are high-motion or occlusion between frames, more turbo decoding errors appear in reconstructed frame and look like Salt & Pepper noise. This severely deteriorates subjective video quality even though such noise rarely occurs. In this paper, we propose a computationally extremely light encoder based on symbol-level Wyner-Ziv coding technique and a new corresponding decoder which, based on a decision whether a pixel has error or not, applies median filter selectively in order to minimize loss of texture detail from filtering. The proposed method claims extremely low encoder complexity and shows improvements both in subjective quality and PSNR. Our experiments have verified average PSNR gain of up to 0.8dB.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.130-145
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• 2019

The palaces in South Korea are largely divided into primary palaces (法宮) and secondary palaces (離宮). In the early Joseon period, the primary palace was Gyeongbokgung Palace, and the secondary palace was Changdeokgung Palace. Additionally, there is the concept of imperial palaces (正宮). Gyeongbokgung Palace was the primary palace and the imperial palace. The topography of Gyeongbokgung is based on Mt. Baegak, which is the symbol of royal authority. The location of the palaces was chosen to highlight the king's dignity and authority. The three gates and three courts (三門三朝) were positioned on a straight line based on one axis along the ridge of Mt. Baegak to establish the legitimacy, hierarchy, and unity of the kingship. The secondary palace was built according to the demands of the king and the royal family or the political situation. It was created as a royal living space; thus, creating independent and diverse spaces along multiple axes. The primary palace was chosen to be built on the terrain of Yang, and the secondary palace was chosen to be built on the terrain of Yin; the criteria for laying buildings in the palace areas had to be different. The most important point in the formation of Joseon palaces was that the secret vital energy for the king (王氣) originated from the sacred mountain. Important elements of the palace were the secret vital energy chain of feng shui (風水氣脈) and the forbidden stream (禁川). The secret vital energy chain of feng shui was the gateway to the secret vital energy for the king, and the forbidden stream was a method of preventing the king from leaving the palace grounds. Gyeongbokgung Palace, which is on typical feng shui terrain, faithfully reflects the principles of feng shui. On the other hand, the secondary palace was built on incomplete and irregular feng shui terrain. Feng shui was part of the nature and the geography of the ruling classes in the Joseon Dynasty. By examining their geography, I believe that the perfection of traditional culture inheritance and restoration can be improved.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

EuiJae Hu BaekRyun is a symbol of Honam Namjonghwa and is respected as a teacher of Honam culture. He is from JinDo and is a relative of Sochi Heo Ryun and a disciple of Misan Heo Hyeong. The spirit of traditional Namjongghwa and the dignity of painting faithful to its technique have been obtained by themselves, and have made it his own. EuiJae organized a 'Yeonjinhoe' in Gwangju to raise his students. After liberation, a house was built under Mudeungsan Mountain. And showed another aspect as a social educator who emphasized and practiced national spirit while being a tea ceremony man. He excelled in Chinese poetry and painting theory, and expressed a unique field in calligraphy. especially worked as an artist good at poetry, caligraphy, and painting. EuiJae showed exceptional talent, especially in landscape painting. His tendency to paint was to follow Ye Chan's technique of drawing with a dry brush, placing importance on the energy of learning, and constantly trying new experiments with the technique of gisaeng. The world of EuiJae's works can be divided into three periods, based on the signature using the trend of painting or the change of perspective pursued, the era of EuiJae, the era of EuiJaeSanin, and the era of EuiDoin, which had a tendency of independent painting. EuiJae's contribution surpassed the artistic historical assessment that he had formed a big stem for the authentic Namjongghwa of Korean painting culture, which was part of Oriental painting. And recognizing that he was a fundamental teacher connecting modern times through the actual scenery based on NamDohwa's universal spirit and regional characteristics and the creative succession of emotions, he should inherit his passion for artistic spirit and tradition and experimental spirit.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.40
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• pp.187-242
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• 2022

This article was conducted with the purpose of finding the religious meaning of Jeongeup (井邑) by paying attention to two areas of inquiry. The first examines religious interpretations of the place names of peaks, mountains, and villages that have already existed have existed since ancient times. The second area of inquiry looks into religious narratives about Jeongeup that appear in scriptural records of the Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth (1901~1909) as performed by Kang Jeungsan. Looking at these to areas of inquiry together, the place names and topography inherent in Jeongeup and Kang Jeungsan's various Jeongeup-related Reordering Works, can be summarized as embodying characteristics of 'beginning (始)' and 'origin (本)' which can be further likened to the meaning of 'water (水)' in a 'well (井).' First, Jeongeup equates to the heavenly origin of the Gucheon Sangje (Supreme God of the Ninth Heaven) faith in Jeungsan Thought. Mangje (Emperor-awaiting) Peak is a peak that represent the wish for the Lord's descent to earth. Seonmang (Immortal-awaiting) Village is a village that was waiting for an immortal. Jeung (Steamer-on-Cauldron) Mountain (Jeungsan 甑山) is a mountain on the earth and also the honorific name later taken by Kang Il-Sun. In relation to Jeungsan, it is interpreted that Jeungsan was born and incarnated in the village as a human in response to a plea from all divine sages, buddhas, and bodhisattvas, who had existed since the dawn of time and came to wish for salvation of humankind. This is because both Mangje Peak and Seonmang Village are connected to the meaning of 'mang (望 to await).' Second, the Reordering Works of Jeungsan which related to Jeongeup show that Jeongeup has carries the meaning of 'beginning (始源)' and 'origin (本源).' The character, Jeong (井), in Jeongeup is seen as a place that contains water energy, and symbols and allusions referring to this can be found in various Reordering Works. As a symbol or allusion, the well can be seen as a new start, the lives of all people of the world, the purification of the world, and returning to the original root everything. These symbolic images can be found in the life of Kang Jeungsan from his incarnation to his passing into Heaven. This is because Jeong can allude to the origin by the Ninth Heaven, the beginning of the Later World's paradisiacal land of immortals, and the end of the Former World (Seoncheon 先天).