• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.45-68
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• 2012

This study performed an analysis to determine if an individual can maintain the current consumption, in the case of a single retired elderly person's household using the accumulated assets. Assets are divided into three types, based on the behavioral economics life cycle hypothesis : financial assets, real assets excepting residential assets, and residential assets, and it is assumed that these assets were used on a step-by-step basis. Also, if the assets were sufficient, the maximum withdrawal amount was calculated. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the monetary assets were sufficient to cover the cost of living for 2.7 years, 6.4 years by using the real assets of the non-occupied housing, and 26.3 years in the case of residential property. Second, in the case of preferentially using the financial assets, 4.4% of the sample households were able to cover the cost of living. Households that were not able to cover the cost of living used the next-stage assets, real assets of the non-occupied housing. Households that were not able to cover the cost of living by financial assets liquidated the real assets with the exception of residential assets and used these to cover the cost of living. A total of 4.8% of the households were able to maintain the current cost of living through the second stage and 25.5% supplemented their funds by using residential assets. That is to say, 35% of the sample households were able to maintain the current level of living by using their assets.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.233-246
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• 2018

Korean society is experiencing an increase in multicultural families and single households. The incidence of the MERS, epidemic in 2015, and the subsequent cases of child abuse have been major shocks to Korean society. In addition, there has been a steady increase in household debt, that is in danger of causing a serious crisis in the stability of our society and the family. The current demand for increased accountability in the democratic process is becoming an important topic. There is also an increased awareness of natural disaster preparation due to local earthquakes that have caused concern. At this point, the lifelong education in the home economics education field in Korea is in line with the changes and crises of various societies. Problems related to family life that have happened in the real life of learners stand in the place of the study with preventive character. It should provide the best alternative for family, home, and society, and help to overcome the problems of life. In order for lifelong education to respond to these social changes $vis-{\grave{a}}-vis$ Home Economics Education, it is necessary to develop: 'formation and improvement education of family relationship', 'crisis prevention and management coping ability training', 'safety education', 'learning communication and consensus processes', 'consumer culture education', 'ethics education on environment and resources', 'sustainability education', 'local education of family relationship', 'crisis prevention and management coping ability training', 'safety education', 'learning communication and consensus processes', 'consumer culture education', 'ethics education on environment and resources', 'sustainability education', 'local economic activation education', and other topics of lifelong education topics related to the field of Home Economics Education are required. Consequently, various related programs should be further developed and disseminated.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.38-47
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• 2020

Purposes: The problem in the recent immigration policy and social policy changes for foreigners is that the preliminary analysis or research on the actual impact of the influx of foreigners has not been done enough in Korea yet.. This study is to examine the impact of the Korean health insurance finances on the influx of foreigners. Approach: This study analyzed the health insurance statistics for foreigners and overseas Koreans of the Health Insurance Corporation from 2013 to 2017. The data is the "Status of Health Insurance Premiums for Nationals, Foreigners, and Overseas Koreans from 2013 to 2017" submitted by the National Health Insurance Service to the Health and Welfare Committee during the 2018 National Audit Period. Findings: To summarize the analysis, first, the proportion of foreigners was only 1% of all subscribers (1.7% at work, 1.9% in regions) until 2017. Second, employees at work have a lower pay-to-pay ratio, and local subscribers have a higher pay-to-pay rate, regardless of nationality. Third, as immigrants are mostly concentrated in younger ages, they are healthy and use of hospitals is relatively low. Fourth, in terms of gender distribution, there are many women of childbearing age due to marriage immigration among foreign local subscribers, and more men use hospitals than workers who have a high proportion of males due to childbirth. In conclusion, the impact of immigration on health insurance finances is not large, and has a positive effect on finances. Practical Implications: If we simply consider the financial aspect, encouraging foreigners to subscribe to health insurance has a positive effect on finances. In particular, the more foreign workers are enrolled, the greater the financial gain. In particular, increasing the employment of foreign women through language education, vocational training, and employment support will help finance health insurance. One of the reasons foreign subscribers have a positive impact on health insurance finance is the low medical utilization rate. It can be said that young and healthy foreigners use fewer hospitals and clinics, but another aspect means that foreigners have difficulty using health insurance for various reasons. Therefore, various supports must be accompanied so that foreign subscribers can use medical services when necessary.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.24-31
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• 2017

As the concept of sustainability becomes more and more popular, a large amount of literature have been recorded recently on intelligent green building and smart city (IGB&SC). It is therefore needed to systematically analyse the existing knowledge structure as well as the future new development of this domain through the identification of the thematic trends, landmark articles, typical keywords together with co-operative researchers. In this paper, Citespace software package is applied to analyse the citation networks and other relevant data of the past eleven years (from 2006 to 2016) collected from Web of Science (WOS). Through this, a series of professional document analysis are conducted, including the production of core authors, the influence made by the most cited authors, keywords extraction and timezone analysis, hot topics of research, highly cited papers and trends with regard to co-citation analysis, etc. As a result, the development track of the IGB&SC domains is revealed and visualized and the following results reached: (i) in the research area of IGB&SC, the most productive researcher is Winters JV and Caragliu A is most influential on the other hand; (ii) different focuses of IGB&SC research have been emerged continually from 2006 to 2016 e.g. smart growth, sustainability, smart city, big data, etc.; (iii) Hollands's work is identified with the most citations and the emerging trends, as revealed from the bursts analysis in document co-citations, can be concluded as smart growth, the assessment of intelligent green building and smart city.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.139-146
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• 2017

This study was an attempt to review of tuberculosis control projects supported by(Official Development Assistance: ODA) and to describe the meaning of the influencing factors. Also, the study aims to determine the exit strategies of donor countries to sustain these projects. The research was conducted reviewing of tuberculosis-related reports and documents, and understood the tuberculosis control projects in Philippines. There were 14 people who participated, and explored the sustainability limits using in-depth interviewing and observation method. Data from interviews and participant observations were analyzed to the phenomenological method by Colaizzi(1978). A total 4 categories were grouped on the final. The finding shows factors that affect the sustainability of these tuberculosis control projects within Philippines supported by ODA have been divided and explained as follow; "limit of workforce", "limit of finance", "limit of facility and equipment", "limit of participation". To sustain these projects, the following alternative plans have been exemplified; "strengthening professionalism", "strengthening education and public relations", "activated strategy for community involvement", "matching funds for financing". Furthermore, the study of integrated tuberculosis control projects will be needed.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.489-501
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• 2024

Geopolymers are part of a class of materials characterized by properties combining polymers, ceramics, and cement. These include exceptionally high thermal and chemical stability, excellent mechanical strength and durability in aggressive environments. This work deals with the synthesis, characterization, and sustainability evaluation of GP_GBFS-MK geopolymers by alkaline activation of a granulated blast furnace slag-metakaolin mixture. In the first step, elemental and oxide analyses by XRF and EDS showed that the main constituents of GP_GBFS-MK geopolymers are silicon, sodium, and aluminium oxides. The structural analyses by XRD and FTIR confirmed that the geopolymerization for GP_GBFS-MK geopolymers did occur, accompanied by the formation of disordered networks from the blends and a modification to the microstructure by the geopolymerization process. Similarly, the microstructural study made by SEM showed that the GP_GBFS-MK geopolymers are constituted by aluminosilicates in the form of dense clusters on which are adsorbed particles of unreacted GBFS in the form of spheroids and white residues of the alkaline activating solution. In addition, the study of the sustainability evaluation of GP_GBFS-MK geopolymers showed that the water absorption of geopolymeric materials is lower than that of OPC cement. As for the elevated temperature resistance, the analyses indicated an excellent elevated temperature resistance of GP_GBFS-MK. In the same way, the study of the resistance to chemical aggressions showed that the GP_GBFS-MK geopolymeric materials are unattackable, contrary to the OPC cement-based materials which are strongly altered.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.525-535
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• 1995

The western-style industrial forest management practice involving large scale clearcutting, silviculture with industrially desirable species, and inadequate consideration on ecosystem preservation, has faced severe criticisms from environmentalists, ecologists and conservationists. With an increasing concern about environmental degradation the general public has also been becoming vocal in demanding ecologically sound alternative forest management. An age-old practice of sustainable ecosystem management variously defined as community forestry, social forestry or homestead forestry, has received increased attention in recent days. This type of traditional, and often not very organized method of natural resource management has been practised in many countries from the prehistoric times. It is believed that with a clear understanding of the functioning of ecosystem and community needs, the existing landuse method can be developed into a more productive one. The nature of community forestry management will vary depending on the scale, geographical location, social/community structure and expectations. This article argues that although the rate of economic growth may be lower with community forestry than with industrial forestry, the former fosters the principle of ecosystem sustainability. Industrial forestry may have an initial high growth rate but often it is associated with unsustainable harvesting leading to ecosystem degradation. A review of the traditional methods of economic analyses shows that they do not take into account the many social and environmental costs associated with forestry. It is argued that a well managed community forestry can maintain the critical balance between economic and ecosystem sustainability. An integrated model of community/homestead forestry development is proposed by coordinating the extension services of the departments of agriculture, forestry and environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.317-327
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the priority factors for sustainable management of social enterprises related to early childhood education. To achieve the purpose of this study, sustainable management factors were extracted by examining previous studies related to social enterprises, and the priorities of factors were derived using the AHP method after conducting surveys of those who are related to early childhood education and social enterprises. As a result of the study, the priorities of the four major factors for sustainable management of social enterprises were confirmed in the following order: strategic factors, organizational factors, management capability factors, and social environment factors. And the priorities of the 16 sub-factors were confirmed in the following order: program originality, excellence of program content, CEO's leadership, expertise in operation and education, securing information on early childhood education market, etc. This study is meaningful in that it discovered the basic success factors for the performance and sustainability of social enterprises related to early childhood education and suggested directions for establishing management strategies for social enterprises related to early childhood education.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.248-256
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• 2023

ESG, which stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance, becomes a keyword in managing a company as it becomes an "indicator" that judge companies. Since the environment has suffered so much damage for economic development, it is now to reflect the enormous environmental costs of the future in the management standard rather than the immediate financial benefits at the expense of the environment. Compared to the days when corporate social responsibility (CSR) was discussed, ESG management has improved significantly as it requires practice beyond the declarative level, but the level of consideration for the environmental field is still not high. There may be many backgrounds, but the biggest problem may be the lack of understanding for other fields. Accordingly, this study aims to inform corporates of the need for investment in the environmental field by explaining ESG reviewed in the environmental field and ESG management required in the environmental field. Furthermore, another purpose is to inform them that ESG management is a win-win strategy that can have a meaningful effect not only in the environmental field where investment is received but also in terms of companies by explaining the benefits that companies can gain through this. To reach this goal, this study proposed a method of restoring a damaged ecosystem based on corporate investment, evaluating its effects based on carbon absorption capacity, and using it as a means of carbon neutrality practice as well as ESG management performance of a company.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.113-124
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• 2020

Social movements to improve the performance of buildings through remodeling of aging apartment houses are being captured. To this end, the remodeling construction cost analysis, structural analysis, and political institutional review have been conducted to suggest ways to activate the remodeling. However, although the method of analyzing construction cost for remodeling apartment houses is currently being proposed for research purposes, there are limitations in practical application possibilities. Specifically, In order to be used practically, it is applicable to cases that have already been completed or in progress, but cases that will occur in the future are also used for construction cost analysis, so the sustainability of the analysis method is lacking. For the purpose of this, we would like to suggest an automated estimating method. For the sustainability of construction cost estimates, Deep-Learning was introduced in the estimating procedure. Specifically, a method for automatically finding the relationship between design elements, work types, and cost increase factors that can occur in apartment remodeling was presented. In addition, Monte Carlo Simulation was included in the estimation procedure to compensate for the lack of uncertainty, which is the inherent limitation of the Deep Learning-based estimation. In order to present higher accuracy as cases are accumulated, a method of calculating higher accuracy by comparing the estimate result with the existing accumulated data was also suggested. In order to validate the sustainability of the automated estimates proposed in this study, 13 cases of learning procedures and an additional 2 cases of cumulative procedures were performed. As a result, a new construction cost estimating procedure was automatically presented that reflects the characteristics of the two additional projects. In this study, the method of estimate estimate was used using 15 cases, If the cases are accumulated and reflected, the effect of this study is expected to increase.