• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2014

Purpose - This study analyzed how image affects customer trust and satisfaction in the online shopping mall market, which is becoming more competitive; future implications for customer management in online shopping malls were presented. Consumers visit and prefer a few shopping mall sites instead of many sites. Consumers do not visit sites that cannot provide trust and satisfaction. Therefore, establishing trust and satisfaction with differentiated image is essential for survival and growth. Specifically analyzing company image, shop image, and brand image, I studied how symbolic image, functional image, and empirical image affect satisfaction mediated by trust in the online shopping malls of hypermarket retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - To investigate the relationship between image and satisfaction of big box retailers' shopping malls in the online market, the study is based on analyzed data from questionnaires involving advanced research. From May 1st to 20th in the year 2014, a questionnaire survey targeting university students using big box retailers' shopping malls in Seoul was conducted. A total of 282 questionnaires were conducted, and 276 questionnaires were used for empirical analysis, excluding invalid data. Using the SPSS 21.0 statistics package, factor analysis and regression analysis were implemented, and effects of image on trust and satisfaction were presented. Results - First, symbolic image can affect satisfaction with only trust. Among 3 image factors, symbolic image exerts the most influence on trust; trust is important in coupling the medium to satisfaction. Second, functional image and empirical image affect satisfaction directly and indirectly with trust. Conclusions - As I classified the image of hyper market retailers' online shopping malls into symbolic, functional, and empirical image, I analyzed the effects of image on trust and satisfaction empirically. The results of the study and strategic implications are as follows. First, symbolic image can affect satisfaction with only trust. Among 3 image factors, symbolic image exerts the most influence on trust; trust is important in coupling the medium to satisfaction. The establishment of a distinctive symbolic image, such as the online shopping mall's loyalty, level of awareness, and special service, is needed. With the establishment of symbolic image, trust and satisfaction could be improved. Second, functional image and empirical image affect satisfaction directly and indirectly with trust. Especially, as functional image affects trust more than empirical image, setting and implementing a strategy for empirical image based on the right price, service, and convenience could raise trust and satisfaction. Empirical image affects trust and satisfaction substantially. Even though empirical image's influence on trust is lower than that of other three image factors, empirical image's influence on satisfaction is higher than symbolic image. Therefore, it requires a strategy for providing joyful use, and information research functions and distinctive use experience are important to improve satisfaction. This study analyzed image characteristics of hyper-market retailers' online shopping malls in the fast-growing online market; future strategic implications were presented.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.592-599
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• 2018

Objective : Metastatic brain tumors (MBTs) often present with intracerebral hemorrhage. Although Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is a valid treatment option for hemorrhagic MBTs, its efficacy is unclear. To achieve oncologic control and reduce radiation toxicity, we used a radiosurgical targeting technique that confines the tumor core within the hematoma when performing GKS in patients with such tumors. We reviewed our experience in this endeavor, focusing on local tumor control and treatment-associated morbidities. Methods : From 2007 to 2014, 13 patients with hemorrhagic MBTs were treated via GKS using our targeting technique. The median marginal dose prescribed was 23 Gy (range, 20-25). GKS was performed approximately 2 weeks after tumor bleeding to allow the patient's condition to stabilize. Results : The primary sites of the MBTs included the liver (n=7), lung (n=2), kidney (n=1), and stomach (n=1); in two cases, the primary tumor was a melanoma. The mean tumor volume was $4.00cm^3$ (range, 0.74-11.0). The mean overall survival duration after GKS was 12.5 months (range, 3-29), and three patients are still alive at the time of the review. The local tumor control rate was 92% (tumor disappearance 23%, tumor regression 46%, and stable disease 23%). There was one (8%) instance of local recurrence, which occurred 11 months after GKS in the solid portion of the tumor. No GKS-related complications were observed. Conclusion : Our experience shows that GKS performed in conjunction with our targeting technique safely and effectively treats hemorrhagic MBTs. The success of this technique may reflect the presence of scattered metastatic tumor cells in the hematoma that do not proliferate owing to the inadequate microenvironment of the hematoma. We suggest that GKS can be a useful treatment option for patients with hemorrhagic MBTs that are not amenable to surgery.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.227-242
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• 2012

본 연구는 사회서비스 시장화에 따른 비영리 사회복지조직의 경쟁 우월성을 확보하기 위한 방안으로 시장지향성이 조직성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 경험적으로 검증하기 위한 것이다. 사회서비스 시장화는 사회복지조직의 재정 환경 압박과 더불어 조직 간의 경쟁을 심화시키고 있다. 다양한 공급주체들이 참여하는 사회서비스 시장에서 비영리 사회복지조직이 생존을 유지하기 위해서는 환경에 대한 민감성이 필요하다. 이를 위해 시장지향성 도입의 필요성이 제기되고 있으며 이 시점에서 비영리 사회복지조직의 시장지향성 수준과 시장지향성이 조직성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하는 것은 의미가 있다고 보여진다. 자료 수집은 바우처 사업에 참여하고 있는 부산의 사회복지조직을 대상으로 이루어졌으며, 총 92개 기관이 분석대상이 되었다. 조사대상 기관의 시장지향성은 3.63으로 나타났으며 선행연구들에 비해 다소 높은 시장지향성을 보였다. 시장지향성이 조직성과에 미치는 영향은 유의미하게 나타났다. 사회서비스 시장에서 바우처 사업을 수행하고 있는 비영리 사회복지조직의 시장지향성이 높을수록 바우처 사업에 대한 연간 수익금 총액이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 비영리 사회복지조직의 시장지향성 도입 유용성을 경험적으로 검증하였다. 또한 비영리 사회복지조직이 조직의 생존과 유지를 위해 외부 환경에 더욱 민감하게 반응하는 것이 필요하다는 함의를 제공해 주고 있다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권11호
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• pp.1107-1111
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• 2003

목 적 : 진행된 신경모세포종 환아의 약물치료 후 수술한 예에서 조직변화를 관찰하여 예후와의 상관관계를 알아보고자 이 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1991년 1월부터 2000년 6월까지 계명대학교 동산병원 소아과에서 진단된 신경모세포종 환아 중 항암치료 후 종양절제를 시행한 6례를 대상으로 하였다. 진단 당시 침생검소견과 항암치료 후 조직소견에서 신경모세포의 분화정도와 핵 모양 및 간질조직의 기질화 양상과 석회와 유무 등을 비교하여 변형된 Shimada 분류에 따라 분류하였다 결 과 : 항암치료 전과 후에 조직소견의 변화를 관찰하였으며 변형된 Shimada 분류에 따라 2가지 예후군으로 분류하였으며, 좋은 예후군 3례 중 2명은 생존해 있으며, 1명은 추적되지 않고 사망한 것으로 추정하였으며, 나쁜 예후군의 3례는 각각 패혈증과 retinoic acid 복용 중 발생한 출혈성 췌장염으로 사망하였다. 결 론 : 항암치료 전과 후에 조직소견의 변화를 관찰하였으며 Shimada 분류에 따라 비교하고, 치료 후 종양세포의 성숙을 관찰하였으며, 좋은 예후군에서 생존수가 많은 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1373-1377
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• 2016

Background: We vigorously reviewed patients' operation record who had adhesion of the Denonvilliers' fascia and found out most of these patients had prostatic bleeding after prostatic gland biopsies. We examined the magnitude of prostatic bleeding and frequency after biopsies and the relationship with oncological outcomes. Materials and Methods: A total of 285 patients were selected for the final analyses. Inclusion criteria were as follows: receiving MRI three weeks after biopsiesand laparoscopic radical prostatectomy within 300 days after biopsy. We divided the patients into two groups with (group A) or without (group B) prostatic bleeding. We examined the magnitude of prostatic bleeding after biopsies and the relationship with operation time (OT), positive surgical margin (PSM), biochemical recurrence (BCR) and other factors. Furthermore, we created a logistic-regression model to derive a propensity score for prostatic bleeding after biopsies, which included all patient and hospital characteristics as well as selected interaction terms, and we examined the relationship with PSM and BCR. Results: In all patients, the OT in the group B was shorter than the group A (p < 0.001). Prostatic bleeding was associated with PSM (p=0.000) and BCR (p=0.036). In this propensity-matched cohort, 11 of 116 patients in the group B had PSM as compared with 36 of 116 patients from group A (match-adjusted odds ratio, 4.30; 95%CI confidence interval, 2.06 to 8.96; P=0.000). In addition, eight of 116 patients in group B encountered BCR, as compared with 18 of 116 patients in group A (match-adjusted odds ratio, 2.48; 95%CI, 1.03 to 5.96; P=0.042). Kaplan-Meier analysis in the propensity matching cohort showed a significant biochemical recurrence-free survival advantage for being free of prostate bleeding after biopsies. Conclusions: Our findings in the present cohort should help equip surgeons to pay attention to careful excision especially for those who experienced deferred prostatic bleeding.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.375-403
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• 2005

본 연구는 퇴직소득심사제도가 고령자의 노동공급에 미치는 영향에 대한 이론적 논의와 실증분석결과를 미국중심으로 고찰하고, 2005년 1월 기준 퇴직연금 혹은 장해연금을 수급하고 있는 178,363명의 공무원에 대한 공무원연금관리공단의 원자료를 통해 공무원연금의 지급정지제도가 노동공급에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과 재취업한 공무원은 총 8,086명으로 전체 분석대상의 4.5%였으며, 지급정지된 공무원의 중위생존기간은 3.3년으로 나타났다. 또한 전액정지자의 중위재취업기간은 반액 정지자에 비해 20개월 가량 짧고, 실제 회귀분석에서도 100% 지급정지자는 50% 지급정지자에 비해 재퇴직발생확률이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 현행 제도는 유급소득활동만으로도 지급정지하기 때문에 이를 피하기 위해 재취업노력조차 하지 않거나, 일시금수급을 선택할 가능성도 있다. 따라서 이를 분석에 포함한다면 그 영향은 더 클 것으로 예측된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 공무원연금 지급정지제도의 발전적 방향으로서, 지급정지제도를 연령과 소득에 따라 차등적용하되, 지연연금제도와 병행하거나 부분연금제도의 도입을 제안한다. 또한 효과적인 정책마련을 위해서는 심도 있는 실증분석이 뒷받침되어야 하므로 소득, 고용형태 등을 포함한 재취업특성에 대한 자료구축이 시급하며, 공무원연금관리공단의 관리체계 또한 강화해야 한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5289-5296
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• 2015

Background: Despite the decreased incidence, gastric cancer is still a frequent cause of cancer related death. The 1st line 2 or 3 drugs regimen is still a debatable issue. HER2 targeted therapy has emerged as the standard of care, but it is unavailable in the Brazilian Public Health System. The end-point of this trial was overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic gastric cancer treated in a public university hospital in Brazil. The secondary end-points were efficacy and safety of regimens with 2 (F+P) or 3 (EOX) drugs to develop an institutional guideline to facilitate optimal treatments. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 1st line regimens were evaluated for OS and PFS stratified by age and ECOG using Cox regression. Results: 47 patients were treated over the last 3 years. In 1st line, 29 were treated with F+P (mean 59.3 years, 34.5% ECOG 2 and a mean of 5.69 cycles) and 16 with EOX (mean 47 years, 18.8% ECOG 2 and a mean of 5.44 cycles). The median OS was 13.8 months (95%CI 10.7-16.9). Response was evaluated in 40 cases and was 64.3% for EOX and 37.5% for F+P (p=0.25). The median PFS was 9.5 months for EOX and 5.6 months for F+P (HR 0.85, 95%CI 0.41-1.74). However, among patients with ECOG 2 mPFS was 3.70 vs 5.40 months, respectively (p=0.86). Regimens showed similar manageable adverse events. A total of 34 patients suffered progression and 14 received $2^{nd}$ line therapy. Diffuse histology (HR 1.89, 95%CI 1.22-2.88), achieving 2nd line (HR: 0.25, 95%CI 0.11-0.58) and treatment response (HR 0.23, 95%CI 0.12-0.47) were OS prognostic factors. Conclusions: Patients treated in our hospital had outcomes compatible with the literature. The regimen choice should be related to patient features. Second line treatment should be considered.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3629-3633
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• 2014

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunosuppressive tumor whose median survival time is only 12-15 months, and patients with GBM have a uniformly poor prognosis. It is known that heredity contributes to formation of glioma, but there are few genetic studies concerning GBM. Materials and Methods: We genotyped six tagging SNPs (tSNP) in Han Chinese GBM and control patients. We used Microsoft Excel and SPSS 16.0 statistical package for statistical analysis and SNP Stats to test for associations between certain tSNPs and risk of GBM in five different models. ORs and 95%CIs were calculated for unconditional logistic-regression analysis with adjustment for age and gender. The SHEsis software platform was applied for analysis of linkage disequilibrium, haplotype construction, and genetic associations at polymorphism loci. Results: We found rs891835 in CCDC26 to be associated with GBM susceptibility at a level of p=0.009. The following genotypes of rs891835 were found to be associated with GBM risk in four different models of gene action: i) genotype GT (OR=2.26; 95%CI, 1.29-3.97; p=0.019) or GG (OR=1.33; 95%CI, 0.23-7.81; p=0.019) in the codominant model; ii) genotypes GT and GG (OR=2.18; 95%CI, 1.26-3.78; p=0.0061) in the dominant model; iii) GT (OR=2.24; 95%CI, 1.28-3.92; p=0.0053) in the overdominant model; iv) the allele G of rs891835 (OR=1.85; 95%CI, 1.14-3.00; p=0.015) in the additive model. In addition, "CG" and "CGGAG" were found by haplotype analysis to be associated with increased GBM risk. In contrast, genotype GG of CCDC26 rs6470745 was associated with decreased GBM risk (OR=0.34; 95%CI, 0.12-1.01; p=0.029) in the recessive model. Conclusions: Our results, combined with those from previous studies, suggest a potential genetic contribution of CCDC26 to GBM progression among Han Chinese.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.3485-3491
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• 2015

Background: Nodal invasion by colorectal cancer is a critical determinant in estimating patient survival and in choosing appropriate preoperative treatment. The present meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the diagnostic value of endorectal ultrasound (EUS) in preoperative assessment of lymph node involvement in colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for relevant studies published on or before December 10th, 2014. The sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the summary receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) were assessed to estimate the diagnostic value of EUS. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to explore heterogeneity across studies. Results: Thirty-three studies covering 3,016 subjects were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.69 (95%CI: 0.63-0.75) and 0.77 (95%CI: 0.73-0.82), respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.09 (95%CI: 2.52-3.78) and 0.39 (95%CI: 0.32-0.48), respectively. The DOR was 7.84 (95%CI: 5.56-11.08), and AUC was 0.80 (95%CI: 0.77-0.84). Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that EUS has moderate diagnostic value in preoperative assessment of lymph node involvement in colorectal cancer. Further refinements in technology and diagnostic criteria are necessary to improve the diagnostic accuracy of EUS.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1403-1407
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• 2015

Background: New tumour biomarkers are being intensely investigated for malignant mesothelioma (MM). Fibulin-3 is produced in MM but its role remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of measuring serum fibulin-3 in the diagnosis and prognosis of MM. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was performed on 43 patients and 40 healthy controls who were admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and January 2014. Data from MM patients, including demographic and clinical features, routine laboratory data, levels of serum fibulin-3, and treatment outcomes were defined as potential prognostic factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for fibulin-3 was used to detect the cut-off value with highest sensitivity and specificity. Univariate survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method in patients with MM. Afterwards, the possible factors identified with univariate analyses were entered into the cox regression analysis. Results: Our results revealed that patients with MM had significantly higher serum levels of fibulin-3 than controls. The results showed that the best cut-off point was 36.6 ng/ml with an AUC (area under the curve)=0.976, sensitivity=93.0% and specificity=90.0. In our study, the initial significant poor prognostic factors were advanced stage, high white blood cell count, high platelet count, high C-reactive protein (p<0.05 for each variable). Later, according to multivariate analysis the results showed only advanced stage as significant parameter (p=0.040). Conclusions: We determined that real use for serum fibulin-3 was not for prognosis but for diagnosis in MM. Also advanced stage was associated with poor MM prognosis.