• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.79-98
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• 2012

In the present paper, the three-dimensional model of a typical rectangular concrete tank is excited using an artificial and a natural three components earthquake ground motion and the staggered displacement method is utilized for solving the coupled problem of the tank-contained liquid system in time domain. In the proposed method, surface sloshing of the liquid is taken into account in addition to the impulsive term and the appropriate damping values are applied on both of them. The resulted responses are compared with those obtained from the ABAQUS finite element software. It is found that the convective term affects responses extensively and must be considered in seismic design/safety assessment of storage tanks. In addition, the utilized method for solving the coupled problem is stable during the conducted general dynamic analyses and is able to capture the expected phenomena.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.355-372
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• 2011

Based on the fully nonlinear velocity potential theory, the liquid sloshing in a three dimensional tank under random excitation is studied. The governing Laplace equation with fully nonlinear boundary conditions on the moving free surface is solved using the indirect desingularized boundary integral equation method (DBIEM). The fourth-order predictor-corrector Adams-Bashforth-Moulton scheme (ABM4) and mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian (MEL) method are used for the time-stepping integration of the free surface boundary conditions. A smoothing scheme, B-spline curve, is applied to both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the tank to eliminate the possible saw-tooth instabilities. When the tank is undergoing one dimensional regular motion of small amplitude, the calculated results are found to be in very good agreement with linear analytical solution. In the simulation, the normal standing waves, travelling waves and bores are observed. The extensive calculation has been made for the tank undergoing specified random oscillation. The nonlinear effect of random sloshing wave is studied and the effect of peak frequency used for the generation of random oscillation is investigated. It is found that, even as the peak value of spectrum for oscillation becomes smaller, the maximum wave elevation on the side wall becomes bigger when the peak frequency is closer to the natural frequency.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

In ocean industry, free surface type ART (Anti Roll tank) system has been widely used to suppress the roll motion of floating structures. In those, various obstacles have been devised to obtain the sufficient damping and to enhance the controllability of freely rushing water inside the tank. Most of previous researches have paid on the development of simple mathematical formula for coupled ship-ARTs analysis although other numerical and experimental approaches exist. Little attention has been focused on the use of 3D panel method for preliminary design of free surface type ART despite its advantages in computational time and general capacity for hydrodynamic damping estimation. This study aims at developing a potential theory based hydrodynamic code for the analysis of floating structure with baffled ARTs. The sloshing in baffled tanks is modeled through the linear potential theory with FE discretization and it coupled with hydrodynamic equations of floating structures discretized by BEM and FEM, resulting in direct coupled FE-BE formulation. The general capacity of proposed formulation is emphasized through the coupled hydrodynamic analysis of floating structure and sloshing inside baffled ARTs. In addition, the numerical methods for natural sloshing frequency tuning and estimation of hydrodynamic damping ratio of liquid sloshing in baffled tanks undergoing wave exiting loads are developed through the proposed formulation. In numerical examples, effects of natural frequency tuning and baffle ratios on the maximum and significant roll motions are investigated.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.508-516
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• 2010

This study aims at investigating the effect of the chamfer on the liquid sloshing in the three-dimensional (3D) rectangular tank. In order to simulate the 3D incompressible viscous two-phase flow in the 3D tank with partially filled liquid, the present study has adopted the volume of fluid (VOF) method based on the finitevolume method which has been well verified by comparing with the results of the relevant previous researches. The effects of the chamfering top corners of the tank on the liquid sloshing characteristics have been investigated. The angle of the chamfering top corners (${\theta}$) has been changed in the range of $0^{\circ}{\leq}{\theta}{\leq}60^{\circ}$(${\Delta}{\theta}=15^{\circ}$) to observe the free surface behavior, and the effect on wall impact load. Generally, as the angle of the chamfering top corners increases, the impact pressure on the upper knuckle point decreases. However it seemed that a critical angle of the chamfering top corners exists to reveal the lowest impact pressure on the wall.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.650-658
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• 2009

Two dimensional sloshing phenomena in regularly excited liquid cargo tank are numerically simulated with finite difference method. Navier-Stokes equations and continuity equation are computed for this study. The free-surface is determined every time step satisfying kinematic boundary condition using marker-density method. And the exciting force is treated by adding the acceleration of the tank to source term. The results are compared with other existing experiment results. And the comparison results show a good agreement. The sloshing phenomena in the tank of the 138K LNG carrier in sway motion is simulated with present calculation methods in low filling level. To find the relations between impact pressure and excitation condition, the calculations are performed in various amplitudes and periods. The averaged maximum pressures are compared each other.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.132-143
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• 2008

The sloshing phenomena in a two-dimensional rectangular tank are investigated using a level set method based on finite volume method. The code validations are performed by comparing between the present results and previous numerical results, which gives a good agreement. We present the streamlines pattern, free surface shape, maximum free surface elevation and pressure fluctuation patterns in the tank under the pitch and surge motions with various frequencies. These two different motions cause the different flow structures in the tank. The time variations of surface elevation and pressure at the different locations in the tank strongly depend on the exciting frequency of tank moving.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.2039-2046
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• 2003

Storage tank filled with fluid has unique dynamic characteristics compared to general structures, due to the interaction between fluid and structure. The oscillation of the fluid surface caused by external forces is called sloshing, which occurs in moving vehicles with contained liquid masses, such as trucks, railroad cars, aircrafts, and liquid missles. In this study, the evaluation method for the reduction of sloshing, the optimized size and location of wing and diaphragm baffles are suggested based on the experimental results. The experimental device can simulate the translation motion. A rectangular tank and various baffles are fabricated to study on the sloshing characteristics. The forces measured using the load cell at tank wall and those are compared with each other through the Fourier transformation for various conditions. The study of the sloshing of the rectangular tank equipped with baffles is conducted under the same conditions with non-baffled rectangular tank experiment. From the experimental results, the sloshing reduction effect by the baffles is observed. In conclusion in case of diaphragm baffles, the optimized size ratio of the width of baffle to the water height is 0.44 and the installation location has no effect to the damping of sloshing. In case of wing baffles, the optimized size ratio of the width of baffle to the length of a rectangular tank is 0.1 and the optimized location ratio of the baffle to the water height is 0.9.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2019

슬로싱 현상은 현상의 특성인 격렬한 자유표면을 가지는 유동 문제뿐만 아니라, 슬로싱이 발생하는 유체 탱크가 부유체 혹은 어떠한 물체에 탑재되어 전체 시스템에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 것이 가장 큰 논의점이다. 이러한 이유로 일반적인 슬로싱에 대한 해석은 탱크의 움직임에 의한 내부 유동의 발생, 그리고 그로 인해 야기되는 충격하중의 해석이 주를 이룬다. 이러한 슬로싱 현상은 비선형성이 강하며 자유표면에서의 대-변형이 발생한다. 매우 높은 비선형성으로 인해 실험에서는 재현성이 낮고, 수치 시뮬레이션에서는 정확도가 낮다는 것이 지속적으로 문제시 되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 높은 정확도를 가지는 카메라 비전 기술을 이용한 실험과 입자법을 이용한 시뮬레이션을 비교하였다. 탱크의 주요 제원을 통해 구해진 고유 주기와 그 주변 주기를 가지는 운동에서의 슬로싱 현상을 수치적으로 시뮬레이션 하였으며, 비교를 통해 탱크 내 슬로싱 하중을 분석하였다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

A new computational program, which is based on the CIP/CCUP(Constraint Interpolation Profile/CIP Combined Unified Procedure) method, has been developed to numerically analyse sloshing phenomena dealt as multiphase-flow problems. For the convection terms of Navier-Stokes equations, the RCIP(Rational function CIP) method was adopted and the THINC-WLIC(Tangent of Hyperbola for Interface Capturing-Weighted Line Interface Calculation) method was used to capture the air/water interface. To validate the present numerical method, two-dimensional dam-breaking and sloshing problems in a rectangular tank were solved by the developed method in a stationary Cartesian grid system. In the case of sloshing problems, simulations by using a improved MPS(Moving Particle Simulation) method, which is named as PNU-MPS(Pusan National University-MPS), were also carried out. The computational results are compared with those of experiments and most of the comparisons are reasonably good.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.61-73
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 탱크 내에 부분적으로 적재되어 있는 액체화물의 유동문제를 유한차분법을 이용해 해석하였다. 자유표면의 변화를 추적하고 유체장 내의 연속방정식과 Navier-Stokes 방정식을 만족시키기 위해 SOLA-SURF 기법이 적용되었다. 특히, 심한 유동으로 인한 탱크 상부에서의 충격압력을 예측하기 위해 충격완화영역의 개념을 도입하여 갑작스런 경계조건의 변화를 억제함으로써, 보다 현실적인 압력값을 예측할 수 있도록 하였다. 수치계산에서는 실험결과가 알려진 세가지 모델들에 대한 계산을 수행하였는데, 계산결과가 실험결과에 비교적 잘 일치하고 있었다. 그리고, 이 기법의 실선적용에 대한 가능성을 살펴보기 위해 30만톤급 초대형 유조선에 대한 실선계산도 수행하였다. 이러한 적용을 바탕으로 본 연구에서 적용된 수치기법이 sloshing 충격압력의 추정에 실용적으로 적용할 수 있음들 확인하였다.