• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.187-206
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to review the process for the trade settlement system between all parties involved in the commercial transaction under SURF System. SURF application is the latest value added service from bolero.net and a fully automated documentary settlement system. It extends bolero.net's capability to enable trade transactions by providing a delivery versus payment system. It has been designed as a standard, shared, infrastructure component for handling trade settlement within an electronic environment to keep step with the operation of electronic Bolero bill of Lading. It exploits the services provided by the Bolero Core Messaging Platform - secure, guaranteed transactions based on boleroXML standards to provide document compliance services with optional bank guarantees. So, SURF system can automatically check all commonly used trade documents such as commercial invoices, bills of lading and certificates of weight and analysis, etc and supports a full range of settlement options including Open Account, Documentary Collections, Documentary Credit. 58 have key features as follows, ① automatic document compliance checking, ② integrated with the Title Registry, ③ supports various forms of vender financing, ④ governed by a set of legally binding rules, ⑤ fully prepared for Straight-Through-Processing, ⑥ Enabled compliance with UCP 500.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.48-51
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• 1971

The raw surf clam meat was pretreated with BHA, EDTA or $NaHSO_3$. The pretreated meat was chopped with chopper, and spread the chopped meat on nylon net, and then dehydrated with cabinet type hot air dryer. In the surf clam meat flake process, the pretreating and the copping steps prior to final dehydration improved the pigment retention and texture of the products. The chopping steps prior to dehydration reduced the dehydration time of surf clam meat. The BHA treatment prior to dehydration of mashed surf clam meat had an outstanding effect on the pigment retention during a process of dehydration and storage. The surf dam meat flakes reabsorbed water more rapidly about two times than the dehydrated natural surf clam meat products. The surf clam meat flakes stored for three months in the dark place showed less pigment loss than the exposed ones, and the former reabsorbed water more rapidly than the latter.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.173-182
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• 2021

In this paper, we analyzed driver's and passenger's motions that cause driver's distraction, and recognized 10 driver's behaviors related to mobile phones. First, distraction-inducing behaviors were classified into environments and factors, and related recent papers were analyzed. Based on the analyzed papers, 10 driver's behaviors related to cell phones, which are the main causes of distraction, were recognized. The experiment was conducted based on about 100,000 image data. Features were extracted through SURF and tested with three models (CNN, ResNet-101, and improved ResNet-101). The improved ResNet-101 model reduced training and validation errors by 8.2 times and 44.6 times compared to CNN, and the average precision and f1-score were maintained at a high level of 0.98. In addition, using CAM (class activation maps), it was reviewed whether the deep learning model used the cell phone object and location as the decisive cause when judging the driver's distraction behavior.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.58-67
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out the fish species that appeared monthly through the fish stock survey of Minyang eelgrass beds in Tongyeong and compare them with the results of previous studies in the same area. This survey confirmed the species compositional characteristics of fish using surf net from March 2021 to February 2022. During the survey period, a total of 24 species, 8,679 individuals, and 3,714.42 g of the total fish were collected. The dominant species were Gymnogobius castaneus, G. heptacanthus, Chaenogobius gulosus, Pholis nebulosa, Rudarius ercodes which accounted for 95.9% of a total number of individuals collected. Similar to previous studies, most of the fish species that appeared were gobiidae, and in this study. Leiognathus nuchalis, which was selected as pollution indicator species, appeared for the first time.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.191-200
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• 2012

Fish species composition in eelgrass bed of Punghwa-ri in Tongyeong, Korea was determined using monthly samples collected by a surf net from November 2010 to October 2011. During the study period, a total of 30 species, 5,511 individuals and 6,933.4 g of fishes were collected. The dominant fish species were Pholis nebulosa, Syngnathus schlegeli, Rudarius ercodes, Pseudoblennius cottoides, Sebastes inermis, and Aulichthys japonicus which accounted for 93.4% of total number of individuals collected. Most fishes collected in the eelgrass bed belong mainly to small fish species or juveniles of large fish species. Eelgrass shoot density reached a peak in April 2011, and then decreased to a minimum in January 2011. The seasonal variation of fish assemblage in an eelgrass bed of Punghwa-ri was correlated to the variations in the water temperature, eelgrass density and biomass, and abundances of major prey organisms.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 2010

This is a study of the fish assemblages in eelgrass beds of Geoje Bay on Geoje Island, Korea. Samples were collected by surf net monthly from June 2006 to May 2007. A total 26 species, 1,825 individuals, and 4,483.1 g of fishes were collected. The dominant species were Acentrogobius pflaumii, Aulichthys japonicus, Gymnogobius heptacanthus, Rudarius ercodes, Chaenogobius annularis, Gymnogobius urotaenia, Syngnathus schlegeli, Pterogobius elapoides, Zoarchias glaber, Takifugu niphobles, Zoarchia suchidai. These species accounted for 90.6% of the total number of individuals and 76.2% of the biomass of the fishes collected. The fish assemblages in the eelgrass beds showed clear seasonal changes; the number of fish species and individuals increased in March and were highest in September, whereas the biomass attained its highest level in May and subsequently decreased. Meanwhile the species diversity indices showed their highest value in December.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.234-243
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• 2006

A total 34 fish species, 1,110 individuals, and 5,107.3 g of fishes were collected by a surf net in the eelgrass bed in Jisepo Bay of Geoje Island, Korea. Samples were monthly collected from March 2005 to February 2006. The dominant fish species were Rudarius ercodes, Ditrema temminckii, Syngnathus schlegeli, Petroscirtes breviceps, which accounted for 73.5% of total number of individuals and 63.6% of biomass of fish collected. The number of species and biomass were low from March 2005 to July 2005, and high from August 2005 to October 2005. Species diversity indices ranged from 0.836 to 2.016, and showed the highest value in December 2005.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 2013

A total of 25 species, 3,880 individuals and 3,145.1 g of fishes were collected by a surf net from the eelgrass bed in Minyang. Most fishes collected in the eelgrass bed belong mainly to small fish species or juveniles. The dominant fish species were Gymnogobius heptacanthus, Rudarius ercodes, Pholis nebulosa, Chaenogobius gulosus, and Gymnogobius castaneus which accounted for 89.1% of total number of individuals collected. The number of individuals and biomass were higher from June to September when the water temperature was high. However, both the number of individuals and species showed the lowest from January and February. Highest species diversity index (H') was observed in April, 2012.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.594-599
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• 2001

In a sandy shore surf zone of Dolsan Island, diel, tidal and seasonal effects on abundance of Acartia omorii were investigated at three sites, the bottom and surface of 1 m depth and water's edge using a sledge-net. Of these sites, the abundance of A. omorii was the highest in the bottom. Seasonal abundance data showed that A. omorii was more abundant in winter than other seasons. During the study period, the abundance of A. omorii was always higher during ebb tide than flood, The distribution patterns of A. omorii were more influenced by tide than diel change, Strong current during spring tide possiblely affected the diel migration pattern, In winter A. omorii showed a diel vortical migration in neap tide, whereas it showed a reverse vortical diel migration in spring tide. Distribution centers were located at a layer of $50\~100\;cm$ below mean sea level (MSL) during neap tide, and then it moved slightly upward during spring tide.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.527-536
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• 1996

The patterns of diel horizontal migration (DHM) of 7 copepod species are compared as part of a general investigation of the zooplankton adaptations to the surf zone habitats. In a sandy shore surf zone of Yongil Bay, 3 sites such as the bottom and surface of 1 m water depth and water's edge are sampled with a sledge net(n=108). The surf zone copepod assemblage is dominated by 7 species; Acartia hudsonica, Fseudodiaptomus marinus, Paracalanus indicus, Calanus sinicus, Oithona similis, Sinocalanus tenellus and Labidocera bipinnata. Threefold variations in copepod abundance are observed within a diel cycle. Abundances of 7 dominant species and total copepods captured in the surface exhibit significant diel differences, but those taken in the bottom are not significantly affected by diel period. It is shown that about $90\%$ of the surf zone copepods performed DHM. The nocturnal high densities of copepods occurred for a neap tide when the offshore winds prevailed, suggesting the animals' ability for horizontal orientation and an active locomotion without invoking passive transportation by currents. Photoreactive behavior of copepods triggered by relative changes in light intensity may be a primary factor inducing DHM by aggregating in the surf zone during the night and spreading out at day; then copepods may reduce encounters with visual predators. In A. hudsonica, ontogenetic variations in timings of DHM are evident. Such variations are likely to minimize intraspecific competition for diets. Data on shoreward migration of copepods indicate that A. hudsonica, P. indicus, O. similis and S. tenellus can maintain swimming velocities of about $20m\;h^{-1}$ for durations of more than an hour. Our observations of strong diel difference in abundances point out the need for both day and night samplings in surf zone habitats, if the importance of these habitats to planktonic copepods are to be fully understood.