• 제목/요약/키워드: sulfur isotope fractionation

검색결과 4건 처리시간 0.018초

Geochemical and S isotopic studies of pollutant evolution in groundwater after acid in situ leaching in a uranium mine area in Xinjiang

  • Zhenzhong Liu;Kaixuan Tan;Chunguang Li;Yongmei Li;Chong Zhang;Jing Song;Longcheng Liu
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제55권4호
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    • pp.1476-1484
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    • 2023
  • Laboratory experiments and point monitoring of reservoir sediments have proven that stable sulfate reduction (SSR) can lower the concentrations of toxic metals and sulfate in acidic groundwater for a long time. Here, we hypothesize that SSR occurred during in situ leaching after uranium mining, which can impact the fate of acid groundwater in an entire region. To test this, we applied a sulfur isotope fractionation method to analyze the mechanism for natural attenuation of contaminated groundwater produced by acid in situ leaching of uranium (Xinjiang, China). The results showed that δ34S increased over time after the cessation of uranium mining, and natural attenuation caused considerable, area-scale immobilization of sulfur corresponding to retention levels of 5.3%-48.3% while simultaneously decreasing the concentration of uranium. Isotopic evidence for SSR in the area, together with evidence for changes of pollutant concentrations, suggest that area-scale SSR is most likely also important at other acid mining sites for uranium, where retention of acid groundwater may be strengthened through natural attenuation. To recapitulate, the sulfur isotope fractionation method constitutes a relatively accurate tool for quantification of spatiotemporal trends for groundwater during migration and transformation resulting from acid in situ leaching of uranium in northern China.

Ginseng authenticity testing by measuring carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotope compositions that differ based on cultivation land and organic fertilizer type

  • Chung, Ill-Min;Lee, Taek-Jun;Oh, Yong-Taek;Ghimire, Bimal Kumar;Jang, In-Bae;Kim, Seung-Hyun
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.195-200
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    • 2017
  • Background: The natural ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) stable isotopes can be varied in some specific living organisms owing to various isotopic fractionation processes in nature. Therefore, the analysis of C, N, and S stable isotope ratios in ginseng can provide a feasible method for determining ginseng authenticity depending on the cultivation land and type of fertilizer. Methods: C, N, and S stable isotope composition in 6-yr-old ginseng roots (Jagyeongjong variety) was measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Results: The type of cultivation land and organic fertilizers affected the C, N, and S stable isotope ratio in ginseng (p < 0.05). The ${\delta}^{15}N_{AIR}$ and ${\delta}^{34}S_{VCDT}$ values in ginseng roots more significantly discriminated the cultivation land and type of organic fertilizers in ginseng cultivation than the ${\delta}^{13}C_{VPDB}$ value. The combination of ${\delta}^{13}C_{VPDB}$, ${\delta}^{15}N_{AIR}$, or ${\delta}^{34}S_{VCDT}$ in ginseng, except the combination ${\delta}^{13}C_{VPDB}-^{34}S_{VCDT}$, showed a better discrimination depending on soil type or fertilizer type. Conclusion: This case study provides preliminary results about the variation of C, N, and S isotope composition in ginseng according to the cultivation soil type and organic fertilizer type. Hence, our findings are potentially applicable to evaluate ginseng authenticity depending on cultivation conditions.

해양퇴적물내에서의 황산염 환원과 황의 안정동위원소 분화 (Sulfate reduction and sulfur isotopic fractionation in marine sediments)

  • 한명우
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.43-49
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    • 1993
  • 두개의 서로 다른 해양환경에서 수거된 토적물의 공극수로부터 황산염 농도와 황산염의 황 안정 동위원고값$({\delta}^{34}SO_4_){pw}$이 측정되었다. 한지역은 북동태평양 심해(ST-1)이었고, 다른 한 지역은 황해 경기만의 연안역(ST-2)이었다. 두 개의 시추 코아 공히 공극수 황산염의 농도가 김이세 따라 감소하는 것을 보였는데, 이것은 황산염 환원작용이 두 지역 퇴적환경에서 모두 일어나고 있음을 시사한다. 정점 ST-2에서 공극수 황산염의 감소가 더욱 현저한 것은 이곳에서 환산염 환원이 더욱 빠르게 일어나고 있음을 나타내는 것이며, 이것은 심해환경에 비해 연안환경에서 퇴적속도가 훨씬 빠르다는 사실을 고려할 때 예측된 결과이다. 공극수 황산염의 황 안정동위원소 측정값 $({\delta}^{34}SO_4_){pw}$ 들은 Rayleigh 동위원소 분화방정식이 예측한 값들과 매울 잘 일치하고 있다. 측정갑들은 정점 ST-2에서 26.7%~61.3%의 범위를 보이는데 이것은32.4%~97.8%의 분포를 보인 정점 ST-1에 비하면 적은 값들이다. 정점 ST-2에서 공극수 황산염의 농도변화가 훨씬 더 컷음에도 불구하고 동위원소값들은 적은 규모로 증가하였다. 황산염 농도변화와 동위원소값의 변화 사잉에 이와같은 역비례 관계는 다음과 같은 두가지 연속적인 요일들에 의해 설명될 수 있다. 황산염 환원이 진행됨에 따라 공극수에 남아있는 황산염내 황에는 무거운 $^{34}S$가 점차 농축되는 반응효과가 첫째 요인이며, 이러한 반응효과가 커지면 커질수록 최종값인 $({\delta}^{34}SO_4_){pw}$ 는 오히려 줄어들게 하는 Rayleigh 방정식 자체의 구조효과가 둘째 요인이다.

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