• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2017

Objective: This study examined two traffic signals with a countdown indicator in terms of driver's reaction time and subjective satisfaction score and their performance was compared with a standard traffic signal in driving simulation. Background: Dilemma zone is created when a traffic light changes at intersections. It often pushes drivers to rush in urgent and premature decision making whether to go or stop and thus induces unnecessary mental load among drivers, which may lead to sudden conflicts with following vehicles at intersections. Method: Forty college students (male: 20, female: 20) participated in this driving simulation study. Three traffic signals were employed: (1) standard traffic signal; (2) countdown-separated signal; and (3) countdown-overlaid signal. The countdown-separated and countdown-overlaid signals were designed to inform drivers of the remaining time of a green light before tuning to an amber light. Reaction times (sec) and satisfaction scores (7-point scale) for the two signals with a countdown indicator were compared with those for the standard traffic signal. Results: Reaction times of the countdown-separated (0.49 sec) and countdown-overlaid (0.43 sec) signals were significantly shorter than that of the standard signal (0.67 sec). Satisfaction scores of the countdown-separated (5.3 point) and countdown-overlaid (5.6 point) signals were greater than that of the standard signal (3.8 point). Lastly, the countdown-overlaid signal showed better performance than the countdown-separated signal, but their differences in reaction time (0.06 sec) and satisfaction score (0.3 point) were small. Conclusion: Traffic signals with a countdown indicator can improve drivers' reaction time and satisfaction score than the standard traffic signal. Application: Traffic signals with a countdown indicator will be useful for reducing the length of dilemma zone at intersections, by allowing drivers to predict the remaining time of a green light.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2004

This study categorized the households into four by the comparison of wives' and husbands' earned income, such as one with higher wives' income than husbands' in dual-earner households, with higher wives' income than husbands' in household with unemployed husbands, with lower wives' income than husbands' in dual-earner households, and with lower wives' income than husbands' in household with unemployed wives. This study compared and analyzed the objective and subjective economic well-being, and overall satisfaction of life in those households. Major results are below. First, the amount of expenditures, saving, debt were low in one-earner household with employed husbands, but average propensity to expenditure was high in those households. The amount of saving was low in one-earner households with unemployed husbands, but the average propensity to expenditure and debt were high, resulting in the low status of economic well-being. The amount of saving and monetary assets were high, but average propensity to expenditure and debt were low in households in which wives had higher income than husbands, resulting in the high status of economic well-being. Second, husbands' satisfaction for the level of family income was not different among four groups of households. Wives's satisfaction for those was the lowest when wives' income was higher than husbands', but the highest in households with unemployed wives. Wives' and husbands' expectations for the future economic well-being of the households were negative in households with unemployed husbands. On the other hand, the level of satisfaction of wives and husbands for their life was not different among four groups of households. Finally, four groups of households were discriminated by age of husbands, number of children, debt, and wives' expectation for the future economic well-being.

• 한국노년학
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.1075-1088
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• 2016

본 연구는 고령자의 활동적 노화가 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향요인을 분석하여, 고령자의 삶의 만족도를 향상시키기 위한 활동적 노화 증진방안을 모색하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 활동적 노화를 건강요인, 참여요인 및 보장요인으로 구분하고 국민노후보장패널 자료를 활용하여 55세 이상의 가구원 총 5,501명을 최종분석 대상으로 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 고령자의 활동적 노화가 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향에 대한 설명력은 34%로 나타났으며, 고령자의 활동적 노화 요인 중에서 건강요인인 주관적 건강상태와 심리적 건강상태, 참여요인인 노동시장의 참여 유무 및 보장요인인 소득수준과 주거보장이 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 활동적 노화 요인 중에서 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 결정요인은 건강요인으로 확인되었으며, 이중에서도 주관적 건강상태가 삶의 만족도를 가장 많이 설명하는 결정요인으로 나타났다. 따라서 고령자의 활동적 노화를 촉진하고 삶의 만족도를 높이기 위해서는 고령자의 신체적 정신적 건강증진, 노동시장 참여 및 주거보장을 위한 국가적 지역적 차원의 다양한 정책 및 실천이 추진되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.437-453
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify how social relationships and family relationships were associated with the life satisfaction of married female baby boomers who live in Busan and Gyeongnam province. This study included community sample of 499 female baby boomers who were married and had at least one child. Participants reported lower levels of life satisfaction. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of the following variables on the female baby boomers' life satisfaction: subjective health, educational level, monthly household income, employment status, perceived size of social network, participation in leisure organizations, participation in voluntary associations, satisfaction with children, and marital satisfaction. Except employment status and participation in leisure organizations, other 7 variables were significantly and positively associated with the life satisfaction of married female baby boomers. In particular, marital satisfaction had the strongest effect on life satisfaction, followed by satisfaction with children. The results suggested family played a primary role in the life of married female baby boomers. Family life education program~ female baby boomers, their children and husbands need to be developed and offered in order to improve the life satisfaction of female baby boomers.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.269-280
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• 1995

This study focused on examining the effects of Objective, Subjective variables on the household economic well-being. Data were collected from 254 financial managers in Seoul. City. Results show that the Causal model supported hypothesis. Almost of the hypothesis were supported and Perceived adequacy of resources variable was mediated between Input variables and Satisfaction with financial situation variable. The present study implicated that this model apply to family resource management research.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.517-528
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• 2011

Purpose: In this study, we aim to provide fundamental database for the development of programs that will enhance the satisfactions of the dental technicians' daily life. To this end, we examined various factors that affect the subjects' social and emotional life satisfactions and their overall daily lives. Methods: Out of the random selection of the registered dental offices of Dental Technicians in Seoul, Gyeonggido, and Gangwon-do districts. Four hundred working dental technicians were asked to fill out the questionnaire from the 1st of June to the 25th of August, 2011. We collected the 355 sheets of the questionnaire and took frequency analysis, t-test, analysis of variance and structural equation modeling using SPSS Win 12.0 program. Results: The results of this study is as follows; Firstly, social satisfaction of the subjects turned out 3.71 on average, emotional satisfaction and daily life satisfaction in general were shown 2.77 and 3.19 respectively. Secondly, Age(p<.05), Career(p<.001), Working environment satisfaction(p<.001) showed significant differences in social life satisfaction area, whereas monthly earning(p<.05), working environment satisfaction(p<.001) revealed meaningful differences in the domain of emotional life satisfaction. Thirdly, in the overall satisfaction of daily lives, monthly earning(p<.05), career(p<.01), working environment satisfaction(p<.001) indicated significant difference. Conclusion: Seen from the results of this study, we purport to develop a variety of programs for better working conditions and to further research on the variables affecting the dental technicians' satisfaction of daily lives.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2008

This study aims to investigate the effect of handle angles of pliers on performance, wrist motion and subjective rating of satisfaction. An experiment was conducted, in which handle angle of pliers was used as independent variable and 14 subjects participated. Based on the literature survey, plier handles angled at 0$^{\circ}$, 10$^{\circ}$, 20$^{\circ}$, 30$^{\circ}$ and 40$^{\circ}$ were adopted in the experiment. The subjects were instructed to bend iron plates by 90$^{\circ}$ and to cut wires as soon as possible. The results revealed that 1) handle angles of pliers have significant effect on wrist motion and satisfaction(p<0.0001); 2) handle angles of pliers did not affect performance of completing tasks irrespective of types of tasks done in the study; 3) in the initial stage of windup, plier with handle angled at 20$^{\circ}$ produced the least wrist motion of deviation in task of bending iron plates, while plier with handle angled at 40$^{\circ}$ did in task of cutting wires; 4) degree of satisfaction was maximized when handle of pliers was bent by 20$^{\circ}$ in both tasks. On the basis of the results, it is recommended that handle of pliers be bent by 20-30$^{\circ}$ for reducing musculoskeletal disorders related to pliers.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze learning satisfaction, critical thinking disposition, learning attitude and motivation between Problem Based Learning and Subjective Based Learning. Method: The research was performed between September and December, 2005 and 2006, including the development of PBL packages and their application. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0. An independent t-test, $X^2$-test, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient were performed to compare the two groups on each of the measures. Result: There were no statistically significant differences among participants in the two groups according to general characteristics. However, The PBL group scored significantly higher on learning satisfaction, critical thinking disposition, learning attitude and motivation. Conclusion: This study contributes to our understanding of student outcomes of the PBL approach compared to the SBL approach. PBL needs to be extended over individual nursing courses for the unification of related courses and a curriculum.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.154-163
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• 2024

Purpose: This study is descriptive research aiming to identify factors influencing the stigma experienced by college students with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), focusing on COVID-19 pandemic stress, depression, and fear of negative evaluation as the main variables. Methods: An online survey was administered to 175 college students who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 from January to May 2022 and were enrolled in universities in Seoul, Cheongju, and Daegu, South Korea. The survey collected data on pandemic stress, depression, fear of negative evaluation, and stigma. The data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, the Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression in SPSS/WIN 26.0. Results: We analyzed differences in stigma scores based on general characteristics of the college students and found significant differences in stigma scores by age, major satisfaction, interpersonal satisfaction, date of COVID-19 confirmation, treatment modality, and recent subjective health condition. Factors influencing stigmatization were identified as COVID-19 pandemic stress, depression, date of COVID-19 confirmation, treatment modality, recent subjective health condition, and major satisfaction, with an overall explanatory power of 37.6%. Conclusion: This study is significant as it identifies emotional changes across various aspects of pandemic stress, depression, fear of negative evaluation, and stigma among college students who have been diagnosed with COVID-19. The findings of this study suggest the development of programs to reduce psychological distress and enhance mental health management skills among these students.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the trajectory of subjective health status in married postmenopausal women and aimed to identify predictive factors affecting subjective health status. Methods: Data were obtained from women who participated in wave 4 (2012) of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families Longitudinal Study and continued to the latest phase (wave 7, 2018). A latent growth model (LGM) was used to analyze data from 1,719 married postmenopausal women in the framework of the ecological system theory. Results: The mean age of the participants at wave 4 was 56.39±4.71 years, and the average subjective health status was around the midpoint (3.19±0.84). LGM analysis confirmed that subjective health status decreased over time (initial B=3.21, slope B=-0.03). The factors affecting initial subjective health were age, body mass index, frequency of vigorous physical activity (microsystem level), marital satisfaction (mesosystem level), and medical service utilization (macrosystem level). Medical service utilization and the frequency of vigorous physical activity were identified as predictive factors affecting the slope in subjective health status. The model fit was satisfactory (TLI=.92, CFI=.95, and RMSEA=.04). Conclusion: This analysis of the trajectory of subjective health status of married postmenopausal women over time confirmed that subjective health is influenced by overall ecological system factors, including the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to assess physical activity and support policies promoting access to medical services in order to improve the subjective health status of married postmenopausal women.