• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.6.1-6.16
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the elemental analysis and microhardness of a bioactive material (Activa) and marginal tooth structure after storage in different media. Materials and Methods: Fifteen teeth received cervical restorations with occlusal enamel and gingival dentin margins using the tested material bonded with a universal adhesive, 5 of them on the 4 axial surfaces and the other 10 on only the 2 proximal surfaces. The first 5 teeth were sectioned into 4 restorations each, then stored in 4 different media; deionized water, Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), Tris buffer, and saliva. The storage period for deionized water was 24 hours while it was 3 months for the other media. Each part was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis for different substrates/distances and the wt% of calcium, phosphorus, silica, and fluoride were calculated. The other 10 teeth were sectioned across the restoration, stored in either Tris buffer or saliva for 24 hours or 3 months, and were evaluated for microhardness of different substrates/areas. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: Enamel and dentin interfaces in the DPBS group exhibited a significant increase in calcium and phosphorus wt%. Both silica and fluoride significantly increased in tooth structure up to a distance of 75 ㎛ in the 3-month-media groups than the immediate group. Storage media did not affect the microhardness values. Conclusions: SEM-EDS analysis suggests an ion movement between Activa and tooth structure through a universal adhesive while stored in DPBS.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2011

연구 목적: 높은 외력이 작용하는 부위의 임플란트 재료로서 사용되고 있는 Ti-6Al-7Nb 합금의 골유착을 개선하기 위한 방법의 하나로서 나노튜브 $TiO_2$ 층 생성하고 전석회화 처리한 다음 유사체액 중에서의 활성도를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 양극산화처리는 glycerol에 20 wt% $H_2O$와 1 wt% $NH_4F$를 혼합하여 준비한 전해질 수용액에 전압 20 V, 전류밀도 20 mA/$cm^2$의 조건에서 1시간동안 통전하였다. 전석회화처리는 $80^{\circ}C$의 $Na_2HPO_4$ 수용액에 30분 동안 침적하고, 이어서$100^{\circ}C$의 $Ca(OH)_2$ 포화 수용액에 30분 동안 침적하였으며, $500^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 열처리하였다. 전석회화처리 후 표면층의 생체활성도를 조사하기 위해 $36.5^{\circ}C$, pH 7.4의 유사체액에 10일 동안 침적하였다. 결과: 1. 나노튜브 $TiO_2$ 층은 높은 자기정렬 형태를 갖고 큰 직경의 튜브들 사이 공간에 상대적으로 작은 직경의 튜브들이 생성되는 형태로 치밀한 구조를 이루었으며, 상부에서 하부로 갈수록 직경 감소를 보였다. 2.1 wt% $NH_4F$와 20 wt% $H_2O$를 함유하는 glycerol 전해액에서 20V의 전압을 인가하여 생성된 나노튜브들의 평균 길이는 $517.0{\pm}23.2\;nm$를 보였다. 3. 나노튜브 $TiO_2$ 층의 생체활성도는 $80^{\circ}C$의 0.5 M$Na_2HPO_4$ 수용액과 $100^{\circ}C$의 $Ca(OH)_2$ 포화 수용액에 침적하는 전석회화처리 군의 경우에 크게 개선되어, 아파타이트의 석출 과정에서 나타나는 치밀한 돌기상과 이들을 가로지르는 미세 균열상이 관찰되었다. 결론: Ti-6Al-7Nb 합금을 나노튜브 $TiO_2$ 층 생성 후 전석회화 처리한 결과 생체활성도가 개선되었다.

• 대한치과재료학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.243-256
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 생체활성 타이타늄 차폐막의 제조에 필요한 기초적인 자료를 얻기 위해서 타이타늄 박판의 양극산화처리와 석회화 순환처리의 조건 및 이들 표면처리가 표면특성과 생체활성도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. $30{\times}20{\times}0.08mm$의 타이타늄 판을 준비한 다음 $HNO_3:HF:H_2O$를 12 : 7 : 81 로 혼합한 용액에서 10 초 동안 산세처리 후 사용하였다. 타이타늄 차폐막의 비표면적을 증가시키기 위해서 나노튜브 $TiO_2$층을 형성한 후, 하이드록시아파타이트의 석출에 따른 생체활성도를 개선하기 위해서 석회화 순환처리를 하였다. 표면처리된 표면특성을 평가하기 위해서, 부식에 대한 저항성시험, 젖음성 검사, 유사체액 침적시험을 실시하였다. 양극산화처리로 형성된 나노튜브들은 상대적으로 큰 직경의 튜브들과 작은 직경의 튜브들로 구성되어 있었으며, 내부는 비어있고 외벽은 서로 결합되어 있는 구조를 보였다. 연속적으로 시행된 석회화 순환처리로 나노튜브층에 하이드록시아파타이트 석출물이 침투되어 결합이 일어났으며, 순환처리 회수가 증가함에 따라서 HAp 의 석출량이 비례적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로, 타이타늄 차폐막의 표면에 나노튜브 $TiO_2$ 층을 형성한 후 석회화 순환처리를 하여서 HAp 의 석출을 유도하는 것은 생체활성도 개선에 크게 기여할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 제4회 추계심포지움
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• pp.153-159
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• 1996

${\alpha}$-Melanotropin (Ac-Ser-Tyr- Ser-Met-Glu$\^$5/-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly$\^$10/-Lys-Pro-Val-NH$_2$) is one of the first peptide hormones to be isolated and have its structure determined. It was early recognized to have essentially the same N-terminal tridecapeptide sequence as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) except that the N-terminal was acetylated in the case of ${\alpha}$-MSH but not in the case of ACTH, indicating that their biosyntheses were different (Figure 1). Subsequently it was discovered that ${\alpha}$-MSH and ACTH were derived from the same gene, currently referred to as proopiomelanocortin (POMC). Its original bioactivity was pigmentation, but it also was recognized that it may have activity in the central nervous system, though the precise nature of these central activities have been controversial. The recent cloning and expression of five melanocortin receptors, with the MC3 and MC4 receptors found primarily in the brain and the MC5 receptor (MC5-R) found throughout the body, has provided new impetus to understand the structure-activity relationships of ${\alpha}$-MSH at these receptors. The effects of ${\alpha}$-MSH on pigmentation are mediated by the MC1-R expressed specifically on the surface of melanocytes. Similarly the MC2-R is involved in the regulation of adrenal steroidogenesis by ACTH. However, given the complexity of expression of the MC3, MC4, and MC5 receptors, it has not been possible to identify any simple correlations between these receptors and the reported biological activities of the melanocortin peptides. Consequently, potent and receptor specific agonists and especially antagonists would be extremely valuable tools for the determination of the physiological roles of the MC3, MC4, and MC5 receptors. Though the extensive structure-activity relationships have provided much information on agonist activity related to pigmentary effects, only recently has it been possible to begin to systematically develop potent and selective antagonists.

• Bioinformatics and Biosystems
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2006

A three-dimensional pharmacophore model was developed based on 24 currently available inhibitors, which were rationally selected from 472 compounds with diverse molecular structure and bioactivity, for generating pharmacophore of uPA (Urokinase Plasminogen Activator) inhibitors. The best hypothesis (Hypo1) comprised of five features, namely, one positive ionizable group, one hydrogen-bond acceptor group and three hydrophobic aromatic groups. The correlation coefficient, root mean square deviation and cost difference were 0.973, 0.695, and 94.291 respectively, suggesting that a highly predictive pharmacophore model was successfully obtained. The application of the model showed great success in predicting the activities of 251 known uPA inhibitors (test set) with a correlation coefficient of 0.837, and there was also none of the outcome hypotheses that had similar cost difference and RMS deviation (RMSD) with that of the initial hypothesis generated by Cat-Scramble validation test with 95% confidence level. Accordingly, our model should be reliable in identifying structurally diverse compounds with desired biological activity.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2009

Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAp) films were formed at the Ti surface by a single-step microarc oxidation (MAO), and HAp-zirconia composite (HZC) films were obtained by subsequent chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of zirconia onto the HAp. Through the CVD process, zero- and one-dimensional zirconia nanostructures having tetragonal crystallinity (t-ZrO2) were uniformly distributed and well incorporated into the HAp crystal matrix to form nanoscale composites. In particular, (t-$ZrO_2$) was synthesized at a very low temperature. The HZC films did not show secondary phases such as tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) at relatively high temperatures. The most likely mechanism for the formation of the t-$ZrO_2$ and the pure HAp at the low processing temperature was proposed to be the diffusion of $Ca^{2+}$ ions. The HZC films showed increasing micro-Vickers hardness values with increases in the t-$ZrO_2$ content. The morphological features and phase compositions of the HZC films showed strong dependence on the time and temperature of the CVD process. Furthermore, they showed enhanced cell proliferation compared to the $TiO_2$ and HAp films most likely due to the surface structure change.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2009

Among 12 marine bacterial strains from the China coast that exhibited interesting bioactivity (positive for both antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities), only four strains, namely, NJ6-3-1, NJ6-3-2, NB-6, and YTHM-17, had a KS domain or A domain when screened for PKS and NRPS genes using a PCR. Interestingly, two of these strains belonging to Pseudoalteromonas and associated with the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve were positive for both PKS and NRPS, whereas the other two strains of Pseudoalteromonas did not have a PKS or NRPS gene. A molecular phylogeny analysis and DGGE analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas sp. indicated that they had a specific affinity with the host marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve. Furthermore, an analysis of a partial sequence of Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ6-3-2 isolated from the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve obtained from genomic walking using a computational approach indicated a relatively complete PKS module including auxiliary domains (DH, KR, and Cy).

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2018

Development of biodegradable implants for treatment of complex bone fractures has recently become one of the priority areas in biomedical materials research. Multifunctional corrosion resistant and bioactive coatings containing hydroxyapatite $Ca_{10}(PO_4)_6(OH)_2$ and magnesium oxide MgO were obtained on Mg-Mn-Ce magnesium alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation. The phase and elemental composition, morphology, and anticorrosion properties of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The PEO-layers were post-treated using superdispersed polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The duplex treatment considerably reduced the corrosion rate (>4 orders of magnitude) of the magnesium alloy. The use of composite coatings in inducing bioactivity and controlling the corrosion degradation of resorbable Mg implants are considered promising. We also applied the plasma electrolytic oxidation method for the formation of the composite bioinert coatings on the titanium nickelide surface in order to improve its electrochemical properties and to change the morphological structure. It was shown that formed coatings significantly reduced the quantity of nickel ions released into the organism.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.638-643
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• 2008

Biomimetic apatite formation and deposition behaviors of Ti-6Al-7Nb and Ti-6Al-4V plates in simulated body fluids(SBF) under various conditions were examined. In case of regular samples without collagen treatments the weight gain due to apatite precipitation on the surface in Ti-6Al-4V was found to be higher than in Ti-6Al-7Nb. In case of collagen-coated samples, the weight gain in Ti-6Al-4V continued to be higher than in Ti-6Al-7Nb, but the difference between the two became smaller. Both Ti-6Al-7Nb and Ti-6Al-4V samples with collagen coating exhibited an appreciable increase of weight gain, which may be caused by the interaction between collagen and $Ca^{+2}$ ions. The weight gain was found to be not much affected by the addition of collagen to SBF. The ill-defined granular structure in the presence of collagen can be associated with the increasing volume fraction of amorphous calcium phosphate.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.126-129
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• 2014

Bioactivity-guided investigation on whole plant of Euphorbia supina, using LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells, led to the identificaiton of a tannin which was not reported from this plant along with four known constituents (quercetin, astragalin, juglanin and methyl gallate). The structure of the tannin was determined as corilagin by the interpretation of NMR (1D and 2D) and MS spectroscopic data. All the isolates were tested for the inhibitory activity against NO production in LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells. Among the tested isolates, corilagin was found to be the most active compound.