• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.407-415
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• 2022

In this study, a square rounding sidewalk block frame was developed considering the simplicity of construction and the superiority of aesthetics. In addition, it is possible to prevent damage, deformation, and settlement of adjacent sidewalk blocks due to plastic deformation during car impact load of installed bollad. A non-linear structural analysis was performed through finite element analysis to examine the performance of a car crash to which this was applied. Structural safety was confirmed through car crash simulation according to the direction of impact, and it is estimated that the function can be restored by replacing some parts in case of damage due to impact.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.19-36
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to empirically verify the structural relationship between public library service-scape, flow, user satisfaction, and customer loyalty for adults who use public libraries for academic purposes in a changing public library environment. To this end, this study reviewed the concepts of public library service-scape, immersion, user satisfaction, and customer loyalty with existing literature, proposed a research model based on this, and empirically verified them. Methods: This study collected and statistically analyzed data for adults using public libraries for the purpose of reading books or studying. The collected data were checked using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 and the research hypothesis was verified by analyzing the results using the structural equation modeling technique. Results: The results of the study are as follows. First, spatiality, aesthetics, and amenity of service-scapes have a positive effect on flow. Second, spatiality and amenity of service-scapes have a positive effect on user satisfaction. Third, Flow has a positive effect on user satisfaction. Fourth, Flow and user satisfaction have a positive effect on customer loyalty. Conclusion: This study is meaningful in that it suggests a strategic direction to enhance the service competitiveness of public libraries by strengthening the service-scape.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.220-227
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to translate the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) into Turkish, validate the questionnaire, and provide a cross-cultural adaptation. Methods: The translation process included the following steps, which were performed by a translation committee: (1) translation into Turkish, (2) back translation into English, (3) pretesting, and (4) cross-cultural adaptation. The Turkish version of the PIDAQ was produced subsequent to the translation process. Validity and reliability were measured using the Perception of Occlusion Scale and the aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The questionnaire was administered to 260 individuals (age range, 18-30 years; mean age, $20.50{\pm}1.9$ years). Structural validity was assessed via factor analysis, and internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: Factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure, with factor loadings for included items ranging from 0.380 to 0.868. Few questions were shuffled among domains various factor loadings. Cronbach's alphas for the Turkish version of the PIDAQ ranged from 0.534 to 0.904. Mean scores for the PIDAQ subscale and total scores differed significantly according to Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and Perception of Occlusion Scale scores. Conclusions: This study provided a Turkish version of the PIDAQ, which could be a useful tool in the evaluation of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion in young Turkish adults.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.201-212
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• 2016

This study is a literature study aimed to derive the evaluation factors for the survey of housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped. To attain the objective, the present study compared the influential factors of housing satisfaction for normal people and those for the physically handicapped found in the precedent researches, and analyzed them to draw out the evaluation factors for housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped. And then it drew out sub-factors and elements for the housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped. The evaluation factors for housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped are divided mainly into physical, social-psychological and economic factors. First, physical factor consists of 'functionality (usability)', 'safety', 'convenience', 'comfort', 'aesthetics', 'accessibility (mobility)', 'identifiability (recognition)'. Of them, 'functionality (usability)' factor consists of 3 sub-factors and 8 elements. 'Safety' was subdivided into securing safety and public order/crime prevention. and structural safety, and 7 elements were drawn out from 'safety'. 'Convenience' is sub-categorized into convenient usage and simple operation, and 9 elements were derived. 'Comfort' was classified into 2 sub-factors and 9 elements. 'Aesthetics' was classified into 2 sub-factors and elements. 'Accessibility (mobility)' was divided into 2 sub-factors and elements. 'Identifiability (recognition)' was classified into 2 sub-factors and 5 elements. Second, social-psychological factor includes 'sociality' and 'independence' factor. One sub-factor and one element were drawn from each of both factors. Third, 'economic factor' consists of 'economy'. One sub-factor and elements were drawn out from the factor. It is expected that the 10 evaluation factors, their sub-factors and elements that have been derived from this study can be used as the basic data and/or reference in designing residential space for the physically handicapped and making policy for it after verifying them in following studies. The present study finds itself significance in that the findings here can ultimately improve the housing welfare and life quality of the physically handicapped.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.129-141
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• 2007

In the cultural realm of Hinduism centering around India, traditional costumes such as Sari, and Dhoti are worn up to date under the influence of religious faith, tradition, and fundamentalism. The purpose of this study is to clarify the religious meaning of unstitched traditional Indian costume and inquire into the figurative beauty of it. This study revolved around India, and the aesthetic feature affected by hinduism was examined based on the literature references and the figurative feature and aesthetic value of unstitched costume were analyzed. The most important feature of Indian costume is the unstitched costume without joining pieces of cloth by using a needle and thread, symbolizing the purity based on the cosmology of Hindu. In the unstitched costume of India, natural drapery that is the large cloth, slipped or tied on body, wrapping it affluently, is emphasized. Unstitched costume of India, based on cosmology of Hindu and the concept of purity, is still broadly worn by people under the influence of fundamentalism and conservative atmosphere. Religious idea is expressed and a beauty of concealment, emphasizing the chastity, is shown in the unstitched costume of India, while a beauty of nature is distinctively revealed in the non-structural and asymmetric drapery costume due to the unique wearing style. In addition, 'A beauty of symbolism' appears in the wearing method, color, the part of wearing, and ornament. Religion has affected overall culture that is inclusive art, aesthetics, and social structure and has contributed to the formulation of costume style. Unstitched costume of India is the unique tradition of India and identity, based on the religious idea.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.173-193
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of servicescape factors(space, convenience, aesthetics, comfortableness, cleanliness), brand reputation and experiences factors(feel, think, act, relate) on emotional and cognitive reactions of visitors to Korean restaurants. It also investigated the relationship between emotional and cognitive reactions and brand loyalty. A total of 353 questionnaires were analyzed using the factor analysis, a reliability test, and structural equation modeling analysis. The results revealed that space, aesthetics and comfortableness were positively related to emotional reaction, and convenience and cleanliness were related to cognitive reaction. This study also found that brand reputation was positively related to emotional and cognitive reactions. Moreover, it was found that think was positively related to emotional reaction, and feel, think, act and relate were positively related to cognitive reaction. Finally, cognitive reaction was positively related to loyalty. Therefore, Korean restaurant marketers should introduce or strengthen servicescape, brand reputation and experiences, which increases brand attitude or loyalty.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.30-41
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• 2017

Types of noise barrier installed for noise attenuation are largely divided into noise-absorbing format and noise-proofing format. In these days, installation of transparent noise barrier is general trend to solve problems that hinder sunshine and landscape. Some kinds of transparent boards are used to one of components in noise barriers, but in some cases, less transparency and worse pollution due to yellowing phenomena, and severe material deformation are to harm the urban aesthetics Therefore laminated-tempered glass board in that yellowing phenomena does not occur can be replaced as a transparent one to secure those shortcomings. In this paper, the structural safety against train induced vibration and the resistibility to wind load are analyzed for laminated-tempered glass system as a component of noise barrier installed on Metro railway elevated bridges. Also the appropriateness is evaluated through flexural bending performance test, compressive strength test, modulus of elasticity tests, and impact test for the system or the glass material itself. All of these processes are intended to present the deployment of logic to evaluate the adequacy for the system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.35-48
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• 2001

The objective of this study is to investigate the stability behavior of steel cable-stayed bridges by comparing the buckling loads obtained by means of finite element methods with eigen-solver. In recent days, cable-stayed bridges dramatically attract engineers' attention due to their structural characteristics and aesthetics. They require a number of design parameters and present a high degree of static indetermination, especially for long span bridges. Cable-stayed bridges exhibit several nonlinear behaviors concurrently under normal design loads due to the individual nonlinearity of substructures such as the pylons, stay cables, and bridge deck, and their interactions. The geometric nonlinearities arise mainly from large displacements of cables. Strong axial and lateral forces acting on the bridge deck and pylons cause structural nonlinear behaviors. The interaction is among the substructures. In this paper, a typical three-span steel cable-stayed bridge with a variety of design parameters has been investigated. The numerical results indicate that the design parameters such as the ratio of $L_1/L$ and $I_p/I_b$ are important for the structural behavior, where $L_1$ is the main span length, L is the total span length of the bridge, $I_p$ is the moment of inertia of the pylon, and $I_b$ is the moment of inertia of the bridge deck. When the ratio $I_p/I_b$ increases, the critical load decreases due to the lack of interaction among substructures. Cable arrangements and the height of pylon are another important factors for this type of bridge in buckling analysis. According to numerical results, the bridges supported by a pylon with harp-type cable arrangement have higher critical loads than the bridges supported by a pylon with fan-type cable arrangement. On contrary, the shape of the pylon does not significantly affect the critical load of this type of bridge. All numerical results have been non-dimensionalized and presented in both tabular and graphical forms.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.239-257
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• 2008

Double-sided punched metal plate timber fasteners present projections on both sides, which offer improved joint fire resistance and better joint aesthetics. In this paper, 3-D nonlinear finite element models were developed to simulate double-sided nail plate fastener timber joints. The models, incorporating orthotropic elasticity, Hill's yield criterion and elasto-plasticity and contact algorithms, are capable of simulating complex contact between the tooth and the timber and between the base plate and the timber in a fastener. Using validated models, parametric studies of the double-sided nail plate joints was undertaken to cover the tooth length and the tooth width. Optimal configuration was assumed to have been attained when increase in nail plate tooth width did not result in a raise in joint capacity, in conjunction with the optimum tooth length. This paper presents the first attempt to model and optimise tooth profile of double-sided nail plate fastener timber joints, which offers rational designs of such fasteners.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.42-46
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• 2016

Kinetic typography is technology such as color, scale, position of the letter changes dynamically with time and it communicates information with aesthetics and originality. The purpose of this study is to identify the design factors in the formativeness of Hangul and present and implement the interaction design method of unique Hangul kinetic typography based on the scientific structure of Hangul. We implemented the Hangul kinetic typography system, which varies in sizes and motion directions according to a viewer's movement and exhibited in a media art event. To do this, we used a viewer's skeleton information on typography synchronization. The results indicated that Hangul kinetic typography has potential not only as a means to communicate with viewers but also as a medium to show the artistic value of Hangul.