• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It is well-known that alcohol consumption is associated with stroke risk as well as with aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene (ALDH2) polymorphisms. However, it is unclear whether ALDH2 polymorphisms are associated with stroke risk independent of alcohol consumption and whether such association is modified by sex. We evaluated sex-specific associations of a common ALDH2 polymorphism and alcohol consumption with stroke risk in a Korean population. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study involving 8,465 men and women, aged 40-69 years and free of stroke between June, 2001 and January, 2003, and followed for the development of stroke. We identified new cases of stroke, which were self-reported or ascertained from vital registration data. Based on genome-wide association data, we selected a single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs2074356), which shows high linkage disequilibrium with the functional polymorphism of ALDH2. We conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis considering potential risk factors collected from a baseline questionnaire. RESULTS: Over the median follow-up of 8 years, 121 cases of stroke were identified. Carrying the wild-type allele of the ALDH2 polymorphism increased stroke risk among men. The multivariate hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of stroke was 2.02 [1.03-3.99] for the wild-type allele compared with the mutant alleles, but the association was attenuated after controlling for alcohol consumption. Combinations of the wild-type allele and other risk factors of stroke, such as old age, diabetes mellitus, and habitual snoring, synergistically increased the risk among men. Among women, however, the ALDH2 polymorphism was not associated with stroke risk. CONCLUSIONS: The prospective cohort study showed a significant association between a common ALDH2 polymorphism and stroke risk in Korean men, but not in Korean women, and also demonstrated that men with genetic disadvantages gain more risk when having risk factors of stroke. Thus, these men may need to make more concerted efforts to control modifiable risk factors of stroke.

• Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.924-934
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• 2017

Objective To investigate the anatomical correlates of the neuropsychological deficits in patients with the cerebellar stroke. Methods We screened patients who were admitted to the National Rehabilitation Center with the cerebellar stroke between October 2012 and November 2016. The patients with the cerebellar stroke who underwent neuropsychological testing for which the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) or the SNSB-II were enrolled. The neuropsychological function capacities were compared in accordance with the stroke type (hemorrhagic vs. ischemic) and the location (right/left anterior, right/left posterior intermediate, right/left posterior lateral lobe, and vermis). Mean z-scores were computed to compare the patient performances with the population averages. Results Twenty-six patients (15 with ischemic stroke and 11 with hemorrhagic stroke) with a mean age of $54.8{\pm}16.6$ years were assessed $8.8{\pm}9.2$ months after the stroke. Differences in the neuropsychological functioning according to the stroke type were not observed. All of the numerical subtests of the stroke patients showed significantly poorer performances compared with the population averages (mean z-score <0), and some of the subtests revealed abnormal performances in attention-, visuospatial function-, memory-, and frontal/executive function-related tasks (mean z-score <-1). The patients with the presence of a lesion in the right posterior intermediate lobe of the cerebellum showed a poorer performance in the subtests evaluating the executive function including the Korean-version Stroop Test (p=0.04), the Digit Symbol Coding Test (p=0.01), and the Korean-version Trail Making Test (p=0.02) compared with the patients without that lesion. Conclusion The present study confirms that the cerebellar stroke affects the neuropsychological functioning which is associated with the anatomical site of stroke.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.191-198
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• 2001

In order to comprise a basic closed-loop control system for hydraulic systems it is necessary to detect the piston rod stroke of a hydraulic cylinder. There are many conventional type sensors which can detect the displacement of cylinders. However, they cannot reveal the original performance normally or they cannot be applied at all where the operating circumstance of cylinders is beyond specifications of sensors. Especially, for the purpose of detecting the strokes of cylinders mounted on heavy equipments, a special exclusive sensor must be used because the operating circumstances of heavy equipments are so severe that general purpose sensors cannot endure such circumstance as shock and a residual vibration induced by rough works. In this paper, an exclusive method for detecting the piston rod stroke for heavy equipments is suggested, which adopts a remote detecting technique using optical fiber sensors. Several experiments using the prototype are executed for verifying the effectiveness of the suggested method and the possibility of the accurate detection of stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 2004

Objective : To assess the clinical efficacy of Yangkyuksanwha-tang on acute stroke Methods : We prescribed Yangkyuksanwha-tang to 83 acute stroke patients without thrombolytic treatment. Results : The rate of progressive stroke type was 1.2%, it was remarkably lower than previous reports. 3.6% felt an itching sensation, 3.6% complained headache, dizziness and powerless, 2.4% complained indigestion and diarrhea, 1.2% appeared hematuria and G-I bleeding. Yangkyuksanwha-tang decreased Stroke-Pattern Identification and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS), and increased Modified Barthel Index(MBI). So we could suggest that this medicine have desirable effect to reduce the severity of stroke and improve functional recovery. As to the laboratory findings, all results were within the normal value, which showed no hepatic or renal toxicity. Conclusion : We could suggest that Yangkyuksanwha-tang is a useful medicine which has clinical efficacy for acute stroke, but further investigation for an administration of more than 2 weeks is necessary.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors contributing to health-related quality of life in patients under rehabilitation after stroke. Methods: A descriptive correlational study design was used. Ninety-two stroke patients under rehabilitation from a university hospital were included. Data were collected on March and April, 2013 using structured questionnaires. Hierarchial multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing health-related quality of life. Results: There were significant differences in health-related quality of life according to type of impairment. The health-related quality of life had significant correlations with age, functional dependency, and stress. Factors influencing health-related quality of life for stroke patients under rehabilitation were stress, functional dependency, type of impairment, and age, which explained about 34.5% of total variance. Conclusion: To promote health-related quality of life for stroke patients under rehabilitation, stress and functional dependency should be managed in this population, especially for older adults. Also these results can be utilized in the development of program for helping rehabilitation of stroke patients. The effect of depression and anxiety on health-related quality of life should also be addressed in future research.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2017

Objectives : This study analyzed the differences in length of stay(LoS), total hospital charges(THC), and cost of rehabilitation(CoR) between two types of stroke patients, intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) and cerebral infarction(CI). Factors associated with these differences were also assessed. Methods : Data were obtained from the 2011 National Inpatient Sample data of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. We used propensity score matching to match the characteristics of the two types of stroke patients, and conducted a regression analysis to analyze their associations. Results : The differences between THC, LoS, and CoR by stroke and hospital types were shown. Each type of hospital showed different results. Conclusions : A rapidly aging population will accelerate the number of stroke patients requiring effective management. Studies evaluating healthcare utilization of stroke patients will provide evidence for both healthcare resources allocation and healthcare policy decisions.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2005

Apraxia of phonation (AOP) has often been described as a feature of apraxia of speech or of severe non-fluent type of aphasia. Pure AOP is rare and, to our knowledge, only two cases have been reported. Brain lesion sites of the reported cases were not those sites known to be responsible for apraxia of speech. This study presents a case of AOP which resulted from the secondary stroke in the left corona radiata immediately following the first stroke in the left temporoparietal lobe. A 61-year old right-handed man shwoed a global type of aphasia after the first cerebral infarction, but was able to generate spontaneously some short fragments of speech. On the day after the first infarction, he suffered from the secondary infarction, leaving him a complete loss of voluntary phonation. He did not showed any significant change in language functions. Several occurrences of involuntary phonation were observed upon laughing or crying. He was also able to cough unintentionally. A vidoe-stroboscopic examination failed to reveal any evidence of structural and functional impairment in larynx. Although this case is not of pure form of AOP, AOP appeared after the secondary stroke without significant changes of language impairment since the first stroke. Therefore, AOP may be a consequence of the brain lesion from the secondary stroke even though we cannot rule out the possibility of an additive effect of the secondary to the first stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.9-14
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• 2002

To assess the clinical efficacy of Chungpyesagan-tang on acute stroke, we prescribed this medicine to 88 acute stroke patients without thrombolytic treatment. The rate of progressive stroke type was 2.3%, remarkably lower than in previous reports. 1.1 % felt an itching sensation, and 17.0% complaxined of loose stool and diarrhea. Chungpyesagan-tang decreased Stroke-Pattern Identification and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and increased Modified Barthel Index (MBI). Thus, we could suggest that this medicine has a desirable effect to reduce the severity of stroke and improve functional recovery. As to the laboratory findings, ALT had anupward tendency and increased over normal value in 16 cases (18.2%). However, the mean serum level 2 weeks later was within the normal value and the other hepatic enzymes did not increase.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.34-46
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was to assess characteristics in acute stroke patients according to Sasangconstitution (SC). Methods : We assessed the type of SC of acute stroke patients in $2^{nd}$ Department of Internal Medicine at KyungHee University Oriental Hospital from October 2005 to September 2006. Each subject's SC type was confirmed when the result of QSCC II+ was in accordance with the opinion of the Sasangconstitutional medicine specialist. We investigated general characteristics, stroke type, blood test results, alcohol drinking, smoking and dietary preferences according to SC. Results: 108 subjects were included in the final analysis. This study showed that out of the total patients, the proportion of So-yang to Tae-eum to So-eum was equal to 5.5 to 3.5 to 1. Especially, men were higher proportion So-yang while women recorded a more significant ratio of Tae-eum. Also, the BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and WC/HC ratio recorded significantly high results. The result indicated that even though the Tae-eum let on the highest numerical value in the aspect of their past history and the final diagnosis, no significant difference was revealed according to SC. The ratio of cerebral infarction to cerebral hemorrhage was 9 to 1. SVO, LAA, SUE are the 3 types of cerebral infarction classified by TOAST; SVO ranked the highest while SUE ranked the lowest in all constitutions. The blood test result displayed that averages of both TL and the T-chol were the highest in Tae-eum while that of hematocrit in So-yangand that of HDL-chol in So-eum. However, there was no significant difference. There were no significant differences classified by gender or by SC in the aspect of the alcohol drinking and smoking history. The majority of So-yang and Tae-eum demonstrated a preference for meat while So-eum and So-yang displayed high preferences for sea food. Conclusions : With respect to these results. we could observe the general disposition of various characteristic distributions according to SC of acute stroke patients. For further research in this field. it seems necessary to construct fundamental databases for the prevention and treatment of stroke by increasing the number of patients observed and by analyzing delicate characteristics of each constitution type.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.445-446
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• 2012