• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.544-547
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• 2014

In this study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immuno-chromatographic technique were combined to fabricate immuno-strip sensors for the detection of Legionella pneumophila. The immuno-strip sensor was manufactured with four different membranes. A nitrocellulose membrane was used to immobilize capture antibody and generate signals due to the high affinity to antibodies, and glass fiber membranes were used as a conjugate release pad and a sample application pad. A cellulose membrane was used as an absorption pad to induce sample flow by the capillarity. Colorimetric signals produced by sandwich immuno-reaction and enzyme reaction could be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively within 30 min. Under the given experimental conditions, sensor signals with L. pneumophila samples were observed qualitatively by naked eyes and measured quantitatively in a range of $1.3{\times}10^3-1.3{\times}10^6CFU/mL$ with a digital camera and home-made image analysis software.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.151-154
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• 2012

Background: The aim of this study was to document the optimal spacing of two cannulae to form continuous strip lesions and maximal surface area by using water-cooled bipolar radiofrequency technology. Methods: Two water-cooled needle probes (15 cm length, 18-gauge probe with 6 mm electrode tip) were placed in a parallel position 10, 20, 24, 26, and 28 mm apart and submerged in egg white. Temperatures of the probes were raised from $35^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ and the progress of lesion formation was photographed every 1 minute with the increase of the tip temperature. Approximately 30 photographs were taken. The resultant surface areas of the lesions were measured with the digital image program. Results: Continuous strip lesions were formed when the cannulae were spaced 24 mm or less apart; monopolar lesions around each cannula resulted if they were spaced more than 26 mm apart. Maximal surface areas through the formation of continuous strip lesion were 221 $mm^2$, 375 $mm^2$, and 476 $mm^2$ in 10, 20, and 24 mm, respectively. Summations of maximal surface area of each monopolar lesions were 394 $mm^2$ and 103 $mm^2$ in 26 and 28 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Water-cooled bipolar Radiofrequency technology creates continuous "strip" lesions proportional in size to the distance between the probes till the distance between cannulae is 24 mm or less. Spacing the cannulae 24 mm apart and treating about $80^{\circ}C$ for 24 minutes maximizes the surface area of the lesion.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.522-525
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• 2011

In this study, an established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immuno-chromatography technique are combined to fabricate an immuno-strip sensor for the detection of S. aureus. The immuno-strip is manufactured by using four different functional membranes. The capture antibody is immobilized on the nitrocellulose membrane due to the high affinity and the capillary action through porous membranes induces a flow of sample. A colorimetric signal is appeared according to the enzyme reaction and is analyzed by the digital camera (qualitative analysis) and home-made image analysis software (quantitative analysis). Under the optimal conditions, samples with S. aureus in the range of $2.7{\times}10^4{\sim}2.7{\times}10^7CFU/mL$ can be detected by the colorimetric method within 30 min.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2021

Under the time-varying temperature, the high-temperature radiation of forgings and the change of reflection characteristics of oxide skin on the surface of forgings lead to the difficulty of obtaining images to truly reflect the geometric characteristics of forgings. It is urgent to study the clear and reliable acquisition method of hot forging feature image under time-varying temperature to meet the requirements of visual measurement of hot geometric parameters of forgings. Based on this, this chapter first puts forward the quality evaluation method of forging feature image, which provides guarantee for the accurate evaluation of feature image quality. Furthermore, the factors that affect the image quality, such as the radiation characteristics of forgings and the photographic characteristics of cameras, are analyzed, and the imaging spectrum which can effectively suppress the radiation intensity of forgings is determined. Finally, aiming at the problem that the quality of image acquisition is difficult to guarantee due to the drastic change of radiation intensity of forgings under time-varying temperature, an image acquisition method based on minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based laser light intensity adaptation is proposed, which significantly improves the definition of feature light strips in forging images at high temperature, and finally realizes the clear acquisition of feature images of large-scale hot forging under time-varying temperature.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2000

Although commercial PIV systems have been widely used for the non-intrusive velocity field measurement of fluid flows, they are still under development and have considerable room for improvement. In this study, a single-frame double-exposure PIV system using a high-resolution CCD camera was developed. A pulsed Nd:Yag laser and high-resolution CCD camera were synchronized by a home-made control circuit. In order to resolve the directional ambiguity problem encountered in the single-frame PIV technique, the second particle image was genuinely shifted in the CCD sensor array during the time interval dt. The velocity vector field was determined by calculating the displacement vector at each interrogation window using cross-correlation with 50% overlapping. In order to check the effect of spatial resolution of CCD camera on the accuracy of PIV velocity field measurement, the developed PIV system with three different resolution modes of the CCD camera (512 ${\times}$ 512, lK ${\times}$ IK, 2K ${\times}$ 2K) was applied to a turbulent flow which simulate the Zn plating process of a steel strip. The experimental model consists of a snout and a moving belt. Aluminum flakes about $1{\mu}m$ diameter were used as scattering particles for the liquid flow in the zinc pot and the gas flow above the zinc surface was seeded with atomized olive oil with an average diameter of 1-$3{\mu}m$. Velocity field measurements were carried out at the strip speed $V_s$=1.0 m/s. The 2K ${\times}$ 2K high-resolution PIV technique was significantly superior compared to the smaller pixel resolution PIV system. For the cases of 512 ${\times}$ 512 and 1K ${\times}$ 1K pixel resolution PIV system, it was difficult to get accurate flow structure of viscous flow near the wall and small vortex structure in the region of large velocity gradient.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.77-82
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• 2021

There are three types of urinalysis: physical test, chemical test, and microscopic test. Among these, the chemical urinalysis is an easily accessible method of the general public to compare the chemical reaction of urinalysis strip with a standard colorimetric table by sight or purchase the portable urinalysis machine separately. Currently, with the popularization of smartphone, research on the urinalysis service using smartphone is increasing. The urinalysis screening application is one of the urinalysis services using a smartphone. However, the RGB values of the urinalysis pad taken by the urinalysis screening application have large deviations due to the effect of lighting. Deviation of RGB value debases the accuracy of urinalysis discrimination. Therefore, in this paper, the accuracy of urinaylsis pad image discrimination is improved through CNN after classifying urinalysis strips taken by the urinalysis screening application based on smartphone by urinalysis pad items. Urinalysis strip was taken from various backgrounds to generate CNN image, and urinalysis discrimination was analyzed using the ResNet-50 CNN model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.1105-1109
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• 1995

A CCD-camera, which is structured with vision system, was used to realize automatic seam-tracking system and 3-D information which is needed to generate torch path, was obtained by using laser-slip beam. To extract laser strip and obtain welding-specific point, Adaptive Hough-transformation was used. Although the basic Hough transformation takes too much time to process image on line, it has a tendency to be robust to the noises as like spatter. For that reson, it was complemented with Adaptive Hough transformation to have an on-line processing ability for scanning a welding-specific point. the dead zone,where the sensing of weld line is impossible, is eliminated by rotating the camera with its rotating axis centered at welding torch. The camera angle is controlled so as to get the minimum image data for the sensing of weld line, hence the image processing time is reduced. The fuzzy controller is adapted to control the camera angle.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2015

An important problem in low-dose CT is the image quality degradation caused by photon starvation. There are a lot of algorithms in sinogram domain or image domain to solve this problem. In view of strong self-similarity contained in the special sinusoid-like strip data in the sinogram space, we propose a novel non-local filtering, whose average weights are related to both the image FBP (filtered backprojection) reconstructed from restored sinogram data and the image directly FBP reconstructed from noisy sinogram data. In the process of sinogram restoration, we apply a non-local method with smoothness parameters adjusted adaptively to the variance of noisy sinogram data, which makes the method much effective for noise reduction in sinogram domain. Simulation experiments show that our proposed method by filtering in both image and projection domains has a better performance in noise reduction and details preservation in reconstructed images.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.8
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

One of the desired features for the realizations of high quality Information and Telecommunication services in future is "the Sensation of Reality". This will be achieved only with the visual communication based on the 3- dimensional (3-D) moving images. The main difficulties in realizing 3-D moving image communication are that there is no developed data transmission technology for the hugh amount of data involved in 3-D images and no established technologies for 3-D image recording and displaying in real time. The currently known stereoscopic imaging technologies can only present depth, no moving parallax, so they are not effective in creating the sensation of the reality without taking eye glasses. The more effective 3-D imaging technologies for achieving the sensation of reality are those based on the multiview 3-D images which provides the object image changes as the eyes move to different directions. In this paper, a multiview 3-D imaging system composed of 8 CCD cameras in a case, a RGB(Red, Green, Blue) beam projector, and a holographic screen is introduced. In this system, the 8 view images are recorded by the 8 CCD cameras and the images are transmitted to the beam projector in sequence by a signal converter. This signal converter converts each camera signal into 3 different color signals, i.e., RGB signals, combines each color signal from the 8 cameras into a serial signal train by multiplexing and drives the corresponding color channel of the beam projector to 480Hz frame rate. The beam projector projects images to the holographic screen through a LCD shutter. The LCD shutter consists of 8 LCD strips. The image of each LCD strip, created by the holographic screen, forms as sub-viewing zone. Since the ON period and sequence of the LCD strips are synchronized with those of the camera image sampling adn the beam projector image projection, the multiview 3-D moving images are viewed at the viewing zone.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.901-908
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bleaching effect of 3% hydrogen peroxide containing strip with primer in vivo. Methods : 22 female subjects aged from 20 to 39 years old were recruited after informed consent. They were divided into two groups with control and experimental group. Experimental group was bleached with 3% HP strip with primer, and control group received placebo for 14 days. Color changes were measured with Shade Eye-NCC (Shade Eye-NCC, SHOFU Co., Japan), Shade guide (VITA classical shade guide, $VIDENT^{TM}$, CA, USA) and digital camera image. All collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : At baseline, $L^*$ was $71.75{\pm}3.2$ and $b^*$ was $14.90{\pm}3.6$ in control, and $L^*$ was $71.3{\pm}3.4$ and $b^*$ was $15.61{\pm}3.7$ in experimental group. At day 14, $L^*$ was $71.35{\pm}3.2$ and $b^*$ was $13.97{\pm}4.3$ in control, and $L^*$ was $73.51{\pm}2.0$, $b^*$ was $9.10{\pm}3.0$ in experimental group. ${\Delta}E^*$ of all teeth were statistically significant between the two groups. Final ${\Delta}E^*$ was $7.15{\pm}2.09$ at experimental group and $2.78{\pm}2.93$ at control group, and the difference was significant (p<0.005). Color changes using shade guide also significantly decreased at 14th day compared with baseline at experimental group (p<0.005). Conclusions : 3% hydrogen peroxide strip with primer revealed effective enough to bleaching the human enamel during 14 days without any soft and hard tissue irritations.