• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.637-642
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• 2011

Rails are subjected to damage from rolling contact fatigue, which leads to defects such as cracks. Rolling contact fatigue damages on the surface of rail such as head check, squats are one of growing problems. Another form of rail surface damage, known as "Ballast imprint" has become apparent. This form of damage is associated with ballast particles becoming trapped between the wheel and the surface of rail. These defects are still one of the key reasons for rail maintenance and replacement. In this study, we have investigated whether the ballast imprint is an initiator of head check type cracks and effect of defect size using Finite element analysis. The FE analysis were used to investigate stresses and strains in subsurface of defects according to variation of defect size. Based on loading cycles obtained from FE analysis, fatigue analysis for each point was carried out.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.649-657
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 궤도형식별로 사용레일의 피로수명을 평가하는 것이다. 이를 위해 궤도형식별 사용레일에 대한 실내피로시험을 수행하여 파괴확률 50%~0.01% 의 S-N 선도를 도출하고, 실험데이터에 대한 가중치 확률해석기법을 사용하여 피로수명을 산출하였다. 여기서, 레일표면요철 및 열차속도를 고려한 사용레일의 휨응력은 기존 연구결과 도출된 레일휨응력 예측식을 이용하여 구하고, S-N 선도로부터 사용레일의 잔존수명을 평가하였다. 평가결과, 자갈도상의 경우 레일의 피로수명이 현 레일교환기준에 비해 약 2억톤 이상 높았고, 콘크리트도상의 레일 피로수명이 자갈궤도에 비해 약 3억톤 이상 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 누적통과톤수에 의한 레일교환기준을 자갈궤도와 콘크리트궤도로 구분할 필요가 있으며, 레일연마를 통한 레일관리가 이루어진다면 기준값이 아닌 목표값으로 관리할 필요가 있다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집(I)
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• pp.733-738
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• 2002

In this study, contact fatigue in wheel-rail contact is simulated. It is necessary to calculate contact stress and subsurface stresses accurately to predict fatigue behavior. Contact stresses are obtained by contact analysis of semi-infinite solid based on influence function and subsurface stress field obtained by using rectangular patch solutions. Based on these stress values, several multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria are used and the critical loads corresponding to fatigue limits are calculated. The simulation results show that the critical load is decreasing rapidly and the site of crack initiation also moves rapidly to the surface from the subsurface when friction coefficient exceeds a specific value for all of three fatigue criteria.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.565-571
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• 2011

Because most fatigue cracks in wheel and rail take place by rolling contact of wheel and rail in railroad industry, it is critical to understand the rolling contact phenomena, especially for the three-dimensional situation. This paper presents an approach to steady-state rolling contact problem of three-dimensional contact bodies, with or without tangential force, based on the finite element method. The steady-state conditions are controlled by the applied relative slip and tangential force. The three-dimensional distribution of tangential traction and contact stresses on the contact surface are investigated. Results show that the distribution of tangential traction and contact stresses on the contact surface varies rapidly as a result of the variation of stick-slip region. The tangential traction is very close in form to Carter's distribution.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1592-1597
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• 2009

Ratcheting is a cyclic accumulation of strain under a cyclic loading. It is a kind of mechanisms which generate cracks in rail steels. Though some experimental and numerical study has been performed, modeling of ratcheting is still a challenging problem. In this study, an elastic-plastic constitutive equation considering non-linear kinematic hardening and isotropic hardening was applied. Under the tangential stress of the contact stresses, a cyclic stress-strain relation was obtained by using the model. Strain under repeated cycles was accumulated.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.535-544
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• 2011

레일 표면 결함이 발생할 경우 매우 높은 충격하중이 발생하여 레일 피로 진전 또는 레일 파단에 이를 수 있고 레일이 파단될 경우 열차탈선 등 대형 사고가 발생할 수 있으므로 레일 결함부에 대한 관리기준의 정립이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 차량-궤도 동적 상호작용 해석 프로그램을 이용하여, 실제 고속철도 자갈궤도에서 결함이 발생한 43개 지점에서 측정된 레일요철을 입력값으로 하여, 요철 깊이에 따른 충격 윤중과 레일 휨응력을 산정하였다. 궤도틀림을 감안하여 윤중 및 레일 휨응력의 한계값을 설정하고, 해석결과로부터 얻은 윤중 및 레일 휨응력 최대값과 결함 깊이 및 폭과의 상관관계를 분석함으로써 레일 표면 결함부에 대한 관리기준을 제시하였다. 분석 결과, 허용할 수 있는 요철 깊이는 충격 윤중에 의하여 발생할 수 있는 레일 두부의 소성 변형을 방지하기 위하여 관리되어야 하며, 엄격한 조건을 평가할 경우 그 값은 0.2mm 정도가 적당함을 알 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제70권6호
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• pp.723-735
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• 2019

Track-bridge interaction (TBI) problem often arises from the adoption of modern continuously welded rails. Rail expansion devices (REDs) are generally required to release the intensive interaction between long-span bridges and tracks. In their necessity evaluations, the key techniques are the numerical models and methods for obtaining TBI responses. This paper thus aims to propose a preferable model and the associated procedure for TBI analysis to facilitate the designs of long-span bridges as well as the track structures. A novel friction-spring model was first developed to represent the longitudinal resistance features of fasteners with or without vertical wheel loadings, based on resistance experiments for three types of rail fasteners. This model was then utilized in the loading-history-based TBI analysis for an urban rail transit dwarf tower cable-stayed bridge installed with a RED at the middle. The finite element model of the long-span bridge for TBI analysis was established and updated by the bridge's measured natural frequencies. The additional rail stresses calculated from the TBI model under train loadings were compared with the measured ones. Overall agreements were observed between the measured and the computed results, showing that the proposed TBI model and analysis procedure can be used in further study.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.391-397
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• 1999

Rails are produced by several rolling processes. These processes play an important role on the performance of rails. We analysed the rolling processes by finite element code, DEFORM. The distributions of temperatures and effective strains are obtained. After the rolling processes, the rails are sent to the cooling bed. During the cooling, the rails are bended and twisted. These bending and twisting should be minimized to produce a high quality rail. The analyses of cooling processes and residual stresses produced through the rolling processes will be Presented in the next paper.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.613-620
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• 2012

Rails are subjected to damage from rolling contact fatigue, which leads to defects such as cracks. Rolling contact fatigue damages on the surface of rail such as head check, squats are one of growing problems. Another form of rail surface damage, known as "Ballast imprint" has become apparent. This form of damage is associated with ballast particles becoming trapped between the wheel and the surface of rail. These defects are still one of the key reasons for rail maintenance and replacement. In this study, we have investigated whether the ballast imprint is an initiator of head check type cracks and effect of defect size using Finite element analysis. The FE analysis were used to investigate stresses and strains in subsurface of defects according to variation of defect size. Based on loading cycles obtained from FE analysis, fatigue analysis for each point was carried out.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2002

철도나 고속철도에서 사용되는 장대레일은 연결부 근처에서 상부구조물간의 변위불일치로 인하여 부가적인 응력이 발생되게 되는데, 이 현상은 단순교에서보다 연속교에서 더 현저하게 나타난다. 철도는 가속과 정지 시의 안전뿐만 아니라 지진상태에서도 탈선이 일어나지 않고 안전하게 정지할 수 있도록 철도구조물의 응력과 변위에서 안전을 보장할 수 있어야 한다. 철도의 안전도를 확보하기 위해 시-제동하중, 온도하중에 의한 레일의 응력에 대한 해석방법은 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔으나, 그 방법이 정적 비선형해석을 바탕으로 하고있어 동적 비선형해석을 필요로 하는 지진하중은 고려되지 못하였다. 그러나, 철도교량의 장대레일과 같이 비선형 거동을 보이는 시스템에서는 교량상판의 상대변위와 레일의 응력과는 선형적인 관계가 정립되지 못하므로, 지진시 열차의 안전한 정지를 확인 하기 위해서는 지진에 대한 영향이 제대로 반영되도록 정적하중인 제동하중과 동적하중인 지진하중을 동시에 재하하여 레일의 응력을 계산하는 동적해석 방법이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 장대레일을 사용할 때 문제가 되는 레일의 응력을 해석하기 위해 대만고속철도 설계시방서 기준을 만족하는 재료비선형이 고려된 동적해석방법을 개발하였으며 그 방법을 현재 대만에서 연약부지 위에 건설중인 고속철도 연속교에 대한 해석에 적용하였다.