• 대한한방체열의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

Purpose The cold hypersensitivity is a subjective symptom and it is very difficult to evaluate the severity. It is possible to detect cold hypersensitivity by measuring the skin temperature on DITI, but there is limitation only using DITI to find the objective grade of the symptom. To set a new objective standard for the diagnosis of cold hypersensitivity, we examined the relationship between the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for the cold hypersensitivity and the change of skin temperature on hands by cold stress test Method 23 patients with symptom of cold hypersensitivity were participated as subjects who visited the women medical center of Kangnam Kyunghee Korean Hospital, Kyung Hee Univ. from May 1, 2002 to August 31, 2002. There were all carefully examined to rule out other disease such as obesity, skin diseases, spinal nerve lesions and external wounds. Thermographic observations for this study were made using DITI. We performed cold stress test three times to compare with the results from thermographic observations by DITI: first, after 15 minutes-resting, second, right after 1 minutes soak in $20^{\circ}C$ water, the third for last, 10 minutes after the soak. VAS score was chosen to determine the severity of cold hypersensitivity. Result 1 male and 22 female patients were participated ranging in age from 22.17 to 45.21. There was a significant negative correlation between the recovery rate of finger skin temperature after cold stress test and the VAS score. And there was a significant positive correlation between the difference of finger skin temperature and the back and palm of hands after cold stress test and the VAS score. Conclusion In cold hypersensitivity patients, the cold stress test combined with DITI could be a accurate method for the objective evaluation of cold hypersensitivity, especially good at deciding the severity by numeric values. Using a more strict criterion, as diagnosing of cold hypersensitivity, and longer follow-up may improve the validity of the results attained in clinical trials.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2018

복합발전플랜트 배열회수보일러 고압증발기의 기기인 분배기에 대하여 설계조건과 과도운전조건을 고려하여 응력 및 피로에 관한 안전성을 평가하였다. 먼저, 배열회수보일러 튜브군 모델의 해석결과로부터 분배기의 상부에 연결되는 수직 강수관, 하부에 연결되는 수직 급수배관, 열교환기의 입구헤더로 향하는 수평방향의 방사형 배관들에 대하여 노즐하중을 도출하였다. 이와 같이 구한 노즐하중은 분배기의 상세모델에 대한 설계조건과 과도운전조건의 해석 시에 노즐 단면에 가해지는 하중으로 사용하였다. 분배기의 상세한 해석모델을 만들고 설계조건의 내압과 노즐하중에 대한 정적구조해석을 수행하였다. 설계조건에서 최대응력은 수평방향 배관의 노즐 보어에서 발생하였다. 최대응력 위치의 국부 1차 막응력이 쉘과 노즐에서 허용기준보다 작으므로 ASME Code의 허용기준을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 배열회수보일러에 주어진 8가지 과도운전조건을 고려하여, 분배기의 상세모델에 대하여 열해석을 수행하고, 과도운전 시의 내압, 노즐하중, 열하중에 대한 과도구조해석을 수행하였다. 과도운전조건에서 최대응력은 분배기 상부의 수직 강수관 노즐 부위에서 발생하였다. ASME Code에 의거하여 수직 강수관 노즐 부위의 피로수명을 평가하였다. 결과적으로 계산된 누적피로사용계수가 허용기준보다 작으므로 기대수명 동안에 피로파손에 관하여 안전한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2002

The objectives of this study were to understand the tolerance mechanism of woody plants to water stress and tolerance changes in relation to mycorrhizal formation. Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. commonly used for erosion control in slopes were raised from seeds and transplanted to 120 plastic pots. Sixty pots received the top soil of a Fraxinus americana forest, while remaining 60 pots received the autoclaved top soil. The forest soil contained 1,200 spores per 100g of arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungus, mostly Glomus sp. The plants were raised outside with regular supply of water and mineral nutrients. Two kinds of water deficit treatment and a control were started at the middle of July : cyclic water deficit treatment with 3 cycles of sequential water stress at the point of xylem water potential of about -0.6, -0.6, and -1.7 MPa and recovery, and non-cyclic water deficit treatment with single water stress at about -1.5 MPa. The non-stressed plants received plenty of water throughout the period. In late August the plants were harvested for measurements of dry weight, N, P, carbohydrate contents, net photosynthesis and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities. Both cyclic and non-cyclic water deficit treatments reduced dry weight by 60% and 40%, respectively, and reduced nitrogen absorption, while increased SOD activities. Water-stressed plants also showed increased carbohydrate contents in the leaves and lowered stomatal conductance. Mycorrhizal inoculation resulted in an average of 40% infection of roots and 2-3 times increase in P absorption in water-stressed as well as non-stressed plants. Mycorrhizal formation also increased shoot-root ratio. The results that SOD activities of water-stressed plants with mycorrhizal infection were significantly lower than those of non-mycorrhizal plants suggest the possibility of improvement of water-stressed condition by mycorrhizal formation. It was concluded that endomycorrhizal formation increased tolerance of Lespedeza cyrtobotrya seedlings to water stress.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1206-1211
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• 2006

The effects of taurine supplementation on growth performance, serum and liver concentrations of lipid, fatty acid composition and lipid peroxidation in the livers of broilers under chronic heat exposure conditions were investigated. The chicks with a similar body weight were equally assigned to one of three controlled-environment chambers. The brolier chicks, which were kept at $34^{\circ}C$ were fed either with a control diet or the control diet supplemented with 0.8% taurine, whereas broiler chicks kept at $22^{\circ}C$ were fed a control diet. Both of the BW and BW gains of broilers maintained at a temperature of $34^{\circ}C$ were significantly lower than those of the control group, which was maintained at a temperature of $22^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). However, taurine addition in the diet of birds submitted to heat stress siginficantly improved BW gain (p<0.05). The feed intake of chicks declined with increases in temperature. The relative liver and gall bladder weights of chicks fed the control diet and maintained at $34^{\circ}C$ were significantly lower than those measured in the control birds (p<0.05). However, dietary taurine was found to compensate for these reductions in liver and gall bladder weights. Relative weights of abdominal fat did not differ significantly among the three groups. Serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly lower in the chicks fed the control diet and maintained at $34^{\circ}C$ compare to those measured in the chicks fed the control diet at $22^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Heat stress resulted in a significant reduction in total lipid and triglyceride levels, but also increased the levels of total cholesterol in the liver (p<0.05). However, dietary taurine supplementation under the heat stress condition resulted in the recovery, to control levels, of serum triglyceride concentrations, as well as the amounts of total lipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol in the liver. The livers of chicks fed on taurine diets at $34^{\circ}C$ showed significantly higher proportions of C14:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, and 20:3, and lower C18:0 and C20:4 proportions than those of chicks fed on control diets at the same temperature (p<0.05). The total levels of saturated fatty acids decreased, but monounsaturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acid levels increased in chicks fed the taurine diet, as compared to chicks fed the control diet at $34^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Peroxidizability indices were significantly lower in the heat-exposed chicks fed the taurine diet than in the non-taurine heat-exposed groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary taurine results in an increase in the growth performances of chicks under heat stress conditions via improvements in lipid absorption and metabolism, as well as an induced reduction in lipid peroxidation.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.245-248
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• 2008

This paper deals with the parameter study of roller leveling process of steel cord using finite element analysis. A simplified model of roller leveling process is constructed for the efficient numerical simulation considering the computing time. Using the constructed simulation scheme, the parameter study of main process parameters, such as back-tension and intermesh, is carried out in order to evaluate elastic recovery angle and roller force quantitatively. The effect of the initial shape of steel cord is also evaluated during the parameter study. And the mechanism of roller leveling process is verified by investigating the residual stress distribution.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2007

Bereavement is the state of loss resulting from death. Grief is the emotional response associated with loss, intense and acute sorrow resulting from loss. Complicated grief represent a pathological outcome involving social, physical, emotional, cognitive, spiritual morbidity. The common psychiatric disorders associated complicated grief or abnormal grief responses include clinical depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse or other substance abuse, and dependence, psychotic disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Grief tasks involve a series of stage or phases following an important loss that gradually permit adjustment and recovery. Three phases of grief involve phase 1 (walking the edges), phase 2 (entering the depths), and phase 3 (reconnecting the world). For intervention to be effective they need to be individually tailored to abnormal grief reaction or unresolved grief reaction. Clear understandings of complicated grief, abnormal responses, factors increasing risk after bereavement will often enable us to prevent psychiatric disorders in bereaved patients.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.227-232
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• 1996

The one-third calibrating relation by steady solution can cause large error when applied to an unsteady flow with large amplitude waves. Extended calibrating method, which can treat the normal convective contribution, is developed. The normal mass convective term is included into the 2-D mass transport equation by means of rms value and random function. The unknown shear rate is numerically determined by solving the 2-D mass transport equation inversely. This recovery method which predicts the unknown shear rate is constructed. It is found that it works very well without distortion. The inclusion of the normal convective term has a negligible effect on the mass transfer coefficient.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.263-268
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• 2010

Thermal characterization of geomaterials has significant implication on the geothermal energy, disposal of nuclear wastes, geological sequestration of carbon dioxides and recovery of hydrocarbon resources. Heat transfer in multiphase materials is dominated by the thermal conductivity of consisting components, porosity, degree of saturation and overburden pressure, which have been investigated by the empirical correlation at macro-scale. The thermal measurement by Transient Plane Source (TPS) and associated algorithm for interpretation of thermal behavior in geomaterials corroborate the robustness of sensing techniques. The method simultaneously provides thermal conductivity, diffusivity and volumetric heat capacity. The newly introduced thermal network model enables estimating thermal conductivity of geomaterials subjected to the effective stress, which has not been evaluated using previous thermal models. The proposed methods shows the applicability of reliability of TPS technique and thermal network model.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 1995

Markolf and Morris suggests that the deranged disk and torn annulus have an exellent recovery ability from the position of spine extension, where the posterior annulus is not under stress and the gel can move anterioly. McKenzie explains side gliding as a combination of rotation and side bending, his clinical studies indicate that side-gliding can gel laterally. In conclusion, the prone unilateral traction on the opposite side from the patient's pain along with the other treatment appered to have helped reduce those patient's pain. The method of treatment described in this report is suggested for Korean physical therapists who treat patients suspected of posterolateral herniated nucleus pulposus.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2002

We report the first steps of a collaborative project between the University of Queensland, Polyflow, Michelin, SK Chemicals, and RMIT University, on simulation, validation and application of a recently introduced constitutive model designed to describe branched polymers. Whereas much progress has been made on predicting the complex flow behaviour of many - in particular linear - polymers, it sometimes appears difficult to predict simultaneously shear thinning and extensional strain hardening behaviour using traditional constitutive models. Recently a new viscoelastic model based on molecular topology, was proposed by McLeish and carson (1998). We explore the predictive power of a differential multi-mode version of the porn-pom model for the flow behaviour of two commercial polymer melts: a (long-chain branched) low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and a (linear) high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The model responses are compared to elongational recovery experiments published by Langouche and Debbaut (19c99), and start-up of simple shear flow, stress relaxation after simple and reverse step strain experiments carried out in our laboratory.