• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.94-102
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• 2014

Diet attrition and failure of long term treatment are very frequent in obese patients. This study aimed to identify pre-treatment variables determining dropout and to customise the characteristics of those most likely to abandon the program before treatment, thus making it possible to modify the therapy to increase compliance. A total of 146 outpatients were consecutively enrolled; 73 patients followed a prescriptive diet while 73 followed a novel brief group Cognitive Behavioural Treatment (CBT) in addition to prescriptive diet. The two interventions lasted for six months. Anthropometric, demographic, psychological parameters and feeding behaviour were assessed, the last two with the Italian instrument VCAO Ansisa; than, a semi-structured interview was performed on motivation to lose weight. To identify the baseline dropout risk factors among these parameters, univariate and multivariate logistic models were used. Comparison of the results in the two different treatments showed a higher attrition rate in CBT group, despite no statistically significant difference between the two treatment arms (P = 0.127). Dropout patients did not differ significantly from those who did not dropout with regards to sex, age, Body Mass Index (BMI), history of cycling, education, work and marriage. Regardless of weight loss, the most important factor that determines the dropout appears to be a high level of stress revealed by General Health Questionnaire-28 items (GHQ-28) score within VCAO test. The identification of hindering factors during the assessment is fundamental to reduce the dropout risk. For subjects at risk, it would be useful to dedicate a stress management program before beginning a dietary restriction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 1977

It is a well accepted fact that mental and physical health of nurses has a direct bearing or influence in their practice in the nursing profession. Recently, with this view in mind, the study of the mental and physical health of nurses has attracted the attention of many especially those in research hospitals. According to Soon Hyang Cha(1974) a nurse in clinical practice or service has a daily energy consumption of 39% and San Cho Chun (1974) asserts that Nurses'duties are more demanding on her emotionally than on her nursing technical skills. Many more studies has been made to this effect, here and abroad and similarly stressed the importance of mental and physical health for nurses. This study was made in an attempt to analyze the trend or tendency of the mental and physical health of nurses by employing the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) method. The data has been collected from May 1977 to November 1977, 200 nurses from 8 University hospitals and 200 nurses from general hospitals in Seoul, Theses who participated were selected at random. The data were tabulated and comparison made. The results were as follows : 1. Among nurses, the analysis based on the length of experience, it is apparent that, the longer or more experience one ha s, the more complaints they have. 2 The longer the nurses are engaged in nursing practice, the more they have problems in their digestive, musculoskeletal, respiratory and nervous systems and are more prone to diseases, and get tired easier than those of shorter experience. But on the other hand it could be seen that younger nurses or nurses with less experience in the profession are more melancholic and prone to stress than those with longer experience.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.237-250
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the satisfaction of newly graduated nurses with educational programs and their experiences in role transition. Methods: Data were collected from November 1 to December 15, 2018 and 483 new graduate nurses working at 15 tertiary hospitals and 10 general hospitals participated. For data collection, self-report questionnaires including the Casey-Fink Graduate Nurse Experience Survey tool and satisfaction with education were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: Satisfaction with education ranged from 3.09 to 3.27, and satisfaction with preceptors was 3.45(maximum 4). The skill that new nurses ranked as most difficult during the first 3 months was charting/documentation, and throughout a whole year, the top 4 difficult skills were cardiopulmonary resuscitation/emergency response, ventilator care, end-of-life care, and prioritization/time management. In comfort/confidence, new graduates felt most comfortable with support and least comfortable with patient safety. More than 50 percent of new graduates experienced stress during role transition, and the most frequently experienced stressors were related to job performance and personal life. Levels of satisfaction with education and comfort/confidence differed according to the hospital type and number of preceptors for new nurses. Conclusion: In order to facilitate the transition of new graduate nurses to professional nurse, an extended period of education, systematic and standardized transition programs, and continuous support during the first year of practice are required.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2002

This study addresses the need to adopt teaching-learning approaches in physical therapy education that develop links between theory and clinical practice in a meaningful way. Problem-based learning (PBL) is presented as a useful way to educate physical therapy for the future. The essential characteristics of problem-based learning include: curricular organization around problems rather than disciplines; an integrated curriculum rather than one separated into clinical and theoretical components; and an inherent emphasis on cognitive skills as well as on knowledge. PBL as implemented in the health sciences, is an educational method in which the focus of learning is a small-group tutorial in which students work through health care scenarios. The goals of the health care scenarios are to provide a context for learning, to activate prior knowledge, to motivate students, and to stimulate discussion. Learning is student-centered rather than faculty-centered, and self-directed learning is emphasized. Whereas the former focuses on critical thinking and clinical judgement, the latter's emphasis is on clinical competency. The physical therapist (PT) program at Cheju Halla college is a partial integrated problem-based curriculum. The history and process of PBL in general and in the PT program are reviewed. Long-term advocates of PBL stress that it is the only known method for preparing future professionals to be able to adapt to change, learning how to reason critically, enabling a holistic approach to health.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.299-309
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate about student's experiences in occupational therapy through clinical fieldwork, such as the change in perception of occupational therapy, the stress that students experience, and the satisfaction of clinical fieldwork. We conducted a focus group interview with 10 participants to see what they experienced during the clinical fieldwork. The contents of the interview were recorded and conducted, and the meaning was analyzed according to the focus group interview procedure through repeated listening. Components were psychological experience, professional experience, environmental experience, changes of values, and behavioral changes. In psychological experience, he experienced anxiety and burden. Experiential experience was the connection of theory and clinical experience and realization of major knowledge. In the environmental experience, we experienced clinical guidance management system, and the change of values experienced change of perception of occupational therapy and change of perception of disabled person. Finally, behavioral changes have experienced an active response through clinical practice experience. Clinical fieldwork is a basic element that prepares students to become occupational therapists. It affects the role of occupational therapist and perception performance through various experiences in new environment. It is thought that the efforts of the institution are needed. The results of this study will help occupational therapists to direct clinical fieldwork in the right direction in clinical fieldwork.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between death recognition, terminal care stress, terminal care performance, and other influencing factors of terminal care performance in terminal care hospital nurses. Two hundred forty nurses working in 11 hospitals for the elderly located in G, N, C city were surveyed. They were asked to complete three questionnaires: one on death recognition, one on terminal care stress, and a final one on terminal care performance. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise regression using SAS 9.1. The findings suggest that the nurses' own mental and occupational stress was the cause of many difficulties in the practice of end-of-life care, where the nurse will often experience the death patients, which results in increased dysentery stress. There was a negative correlation between species stress and terminal care performance. Death recognition and terminal care stress were correlated with terminal care performance. The results suggest that the longer the clinical experience, the higher the quality of terminal care performance. Therefore, it is suggested that terminal care should be performed considering the longevity of the careers career and their death tendency. Further to this study, it is necessary to find out how to reduce stress and to evaluate other variables affecting the care of the patient.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2018

Objective : This study evaluated the role of smartphone application in the self-assessment of three psychiatric symptoms: stress, depression, and suicidal ideation. Methods : A total of 5,646 respondents were evaluated with three scales (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS, Center for Epidemiologic Study for Depression, CES-D, Scale for Suicidal Ideation, SSI) via smartphone application 'mindscan'. We analyzed the sociodemographic variables, the levels of three symptoms, and the association between the scores on all three scales. Results : The mean total scores of PSS, CES-D, and SSI were 24.86, 35.15, and 18.03, respectively. Women showed significantly higher scores on PSS, CES-D, and SSI when compared with men. Younger users showed a significantly higher score on all three scales when compared with older users. The scores on all three scales were higher than in other studies with off-line surveys. The PSS was positively correlated with CES-D (r=0.690), and with SSI (r=0.367). The CES-D was positively correlated with SSI (r=0.540). Conclusions : A smartphone application for mental health based on three scales (PSS, CES-D, and SSI) is a relatively useful screening tool compared with off-line general population surveys. The association between the three scales reflects the relationship between the three psychiatric symptoms observed in clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.80-98
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• 2022

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well known to have a limited response to drug treatment. Many recently published clinical care guidelines recommend trauma-focused psychotherapies such as cognitive processing therapy (CPT) and prolonged exposure therapy (PE) as first-line treatment and medication such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine as second-line treatment. Current review introduces the session composition and contents of CPT and presents various CPT studies that show therapeutic effect for civilian and veterans/military with PTSD. In order for clinicians to help effectively patients with PTSD, it is necessary to learn and actively use evidence-based trauma-focused psychotherapies including CPT and PE.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The present study investigated the hypothesis that a highly pure linear ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan produced by Agrobacterium sp. R259 enhances human natural killer (NK) cell activity and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In an eight-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 83 healthy adults with white blood cell counts of $4,000-8,000cells/{\mu}L$ were participated and randomly assigned to take two capsules per day containing either 350 mg ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan or placebo. Six participants withdrew their study consent or were excluded due to NK cell activity levels outside the normal range. NK cell activity and serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ were measured. RESULTS: NK cell activity and the serum levels of IL-10 were significantly higher from baseline to week 8 in the ${\beta}$-glucan group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.048, P = 0.029). Consumption of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan also significantly increased NK cell activity compared with placebo after adjusting for smoking and stress status (P = 0.009). In particular, the effect of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan on NK cell activity was greater in participants with severe stress than in those experiencing mild stress. However, the administration ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan did not significantly modulate the levels of IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IgG compared with the placebo. CONCLUSION: The results showed that supplementation with bacterial ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan significantly increased NK cell activity without causing any adverse effects. Additionally, the beneficial effect of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan on NK cell activity was greater in participants experiencing severe stress.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.29-39
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• 2014

This study designed to know subjective structure about type of coping with stress of nursing students using Q-methodology. The statement positions on the sorting continuum were scored from +4(representing the highest level of agreement) through 0(at the neutral position on the continuum) through -4(representing the highest level of disagreement). Factor analysis of the data was undertaken using PC QUANL software to determine if any patterns were discernible. The four types extracted eigenvalues greater than 1.0 and explained approximately 52.14% of the variation in responses(31.73, 10.13, 5.73 and 4.65% respectively).: (1) Positive resolve type, (2) Ignore problem type, (3) Self resolution type and (4) Conversation type. The study results can be utilized in both an effective nursing education and clinical practice.