• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.805-812
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• 2009

Permeation water resulting in the reclaimed land of waste can possibly cause the second pollution, such as the underground water and environmental pollution. Accordingly, Liner layer has been installed in the reclaimed land of waste to block and purify permeation water and prevent this second pollution. The material used as Liner layer is the one for water resistance and that of less than permeability coefficient $1{\times}10^{-7}cm/sec$ is widely used. As it is very difficult to secure in bulk this natural clay with low permeability around the field, the suitable way to secure low permeable material is that we use blend with good watertighness by mixing it with natural soil which is spread in the site. While this mixed soil which can resist water is commonly used in the site, bentonite mixed soil which is widely used as Liner layer in the reclaimed land of waste is recognized in Liner and durability. In this study, the engineering characteristics of soil-bentonite mixed liner are investigated using the laboratory hydraulic conductivity and uni-axial strength tests. The soil used for the liner is the clay soil located near the site. Mixing ratio of the bentonite which satisfies the requirement of hydraulic conductivity is determined and the optimum mixing ratio of bentonite is recommended for the landfill. After the mixed liner is constructed using the optimum mixing ratio of bentonite, the block samples of the constructed liner are obtained and the strength tests were performed. The hydraulic and strength properties of the liner for construction of the waste landfill were both satisfactory.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.135-141
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• 1999

This study is an experimental study to investigate the possibility of the utilization of paper ash as the cover, liner in waste disposal landfill and other construction materials. The sample used in these tests was obtained from Daehan paper mill. A series of tests were peformed to evaluate basic properties, compaction, permeability, compressive strength, consolidation, leaching, and CBR of paper ash. In order to investigate the soil engineering properties of paper ash, the test results were compared with those obtained of fly ash. The results of unconfined compression tests show that paper ash had a larger strength than the fly ash. Also, the maximum dry unit weight of paper ash was approximately 59～76.9% less than that of the fly ash. It was found from the results of leaching test that paper ash is classified as non-detrimental general wastes according to the waste management law.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

이 연구에서는 경제적인 매립장 설계를 위해 점토차수재를 순환토사와 벤토나이트-폴리머 혼합 차수재로 활용하는 방안을 연구하였다. 순환토사는 모래가 90.58%이고 세립분이 1.88%이며 입도가 불량한 모래질 흙인 SP를 사용하였다. 순환토사는 벤토나이트를 4%, 6%, 8% 혼합하여 투수실험을 한 후 해성점토에 벤토나이트를 2%, 3%, 4% 혼합한 시료와 비교하였다. 점토는 3%에서 투수기준을 만족하였으며, 순환토사는 8%에서 투수기준을 만족하였다. 폐기물 매립장의 차수기준에 맞는 시료를 만들기 위해 벤토나이트 혼합비가 4%인 시료를 대상으로 폴리머를 0.16%, 0.24%, 0.28% 혼합하여 투수시험을 하였다. 동일한 혼합비로 일축압축시험을 하여 시방기준에 만족하는지 확인하였다. 벤토나이트 혼합비가 증가할수록 투수계수와 일축압축강도는 감소하였다. 폴리머 혼합시 강도는 초기에 증가한 후 일정한 값을 유지하였다. 폴리머 혼합시 벤토나이트 혼합비를 50% 이상 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 폐기물매립장 바닥차수재로서 순환토사-벤토나이트-폴리머 혼합시료는 벤토나이트 혼합비 4%, 폴리머 혼합비 0.28%에서 투수계수는 1.0×10^-7cm/sec 이하, 일축압축강도는 500kPa 이상을 만족하여 폐기물매립장의 혼합차수재로 활용이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2000

최근 폐기물 매립지에서 침출수의 누출방지를 위하여 벤토나이트를 함유하는 복합라이너시스템을 많이 활용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내에 부존하고 있는 제올라이트성 벤토나이트를 이용하여 복합라이너시스템을 개발하였으며, 본 시스템에 대한 강도, 부수율 등 지반공학적특성을 조사하였다. 라이너시스템의 강도 특성을 파악하기 위하여 실내제작 및 현장 코아에 대한 일축압축강도 시험을 수행한 결과 하부층 첨가제에 의한 일축압축강도가 현저히 개선됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 현장투수 실험결과 폐기물 매립지 차수층 설치기준인 $1{\times}10^{-3}cm/s$ 이하의 법적 투수계수기준을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.461-470
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• 2022

Solid waste management is of great concern in today's world. An enormous amount of waste is generated from various industrial activities. Concrete production utilizing some of the potential waste materials will add to the benefit of society. These benefits will include reduction of landfill burden, improved air quality, riverbed protection due to excessive sand excavation, economical concrete production and much more. This study aims to utilize waste granite powder (GP) originating from granite industries as a sand replacement in concrete. Fine GP was collected in the form of slurry from different granite cutting industries. In this study, GP was added in an interval of ten percent as 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% by weight of sand in concrete. Mechanical assets; compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength were prominent for control and blended mixes. Modulus of elasticity (MoE) and abrasion tests were also performed on control and blended specimens of concrete. To provide a comprehensive clarification for enhanced performance of GP prepared concrete samples, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed. Results indicate that 30% replacement of sand by weight with GP enhances the mechanical assets of concrete and even the results obtained for 50% replacement are also acceptable. Comprehensive analysis through SEM and XRD for 30% replacement was better than control one. The performance of GP added to concrete in terms of abrasion and modulus of elasticity was far better than the control mix. A significant outcome shows the appropriateness of granite fines to produce sustainable and environmentally friendly concrete.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2018

This study systematically examines the changes in the compressive and tensile strength of soil cement reinforced by natural hair fiber, which is regularly produced from human. Extensive experimental tests of various test specimens have been carried out in a laboratory. Several factors are considered, including the soil type, amount of cement, amount of fiber, fiber length, loading type, and curing age. The test results indicate that both the compressive and tensile strengths are significantly affected by the fiber, either increasing or decreasing depending on the conditions. The increase in tensile strength is significant in the sand-based soil cement due to the tensile resistance of the fiber which is interlocked with the surrounding soil or cement particles. The natural fiber provides a larger strain to failure due to its extensibility, which allows greater deformation. Based on the test results, natural hair fibers can be an effective and environmentally friendly way to improve soil ground subjected to tensile loading, such as an embankment slope, road subgrade, or landfill, thus reducing the cost for cement and waste treatment. The study results provide a useful information of better understanding the mechanical behavior of natural hair fiber in soil cement and the practical use of waste materials in civil engineering. The findings can be practically applied for improving earth structures under tensile loading.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제42권
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• pp.85-91
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• 2000

Dwindling supplies and increasing costs of conventional highway materials used in road construction as well as concerns over shrinking landfill spaces prompt researchers to investigate the use of waste products, such as fly ash, as substitute materials in highway construction. The highway industry is capable of utilizing waste materials in large quantities if their effect on pavement performance proves to be technically, economically and environmentally satisfactory. This research examines the effects of fly ash when used as partial replacement of aggregate in asphaltic concrete mixtures. And measuring the effect of fly ash on bulk specific gravity, air void, indirect tensile strength (ITS) under dry and wet conditioning as well as the tensile strength ratio (TSR) of asphaltic concrete mixture. The results indicated that asphaltic concrete mixtures containing 2% and 5% fly ash produced about the same TSR value as control mixture. And all of the mixtures met the minimum ITS and TSR requirements established by the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SC DOT) for Type 1A surface courses. At this point and with this limited study, these asphaltic concrete mixtures is recommended in several applications such as parking lot, secondary roads and driveways.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.433-440
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• 2018

Pavements porous concrete is a noble structure design in the urban management development generally enabling water to be permeated within its structure. It has also capable in the same time to cater dynamic loading. During the technology development, the quality and quantity of waste materials have led to a waste disposal crisis. Using recycled materials (secondary) instead of virgin ones (primary) have reduced landfill pressure and extraction demanding. This study has reviewed the waste materials (Recycled crushed glass (RCG), Steel slag, Steel fiber, Tires, Plastics, Recycled asphalt) used in the pavement porous concretes and report their respective mechanical, durability and permeability functions. Waste material usage in the partial cement replacement will cause the concrete production cost to be reduced; also, the concretes' mechanical features have slightly affected to eliminate the disposal waste materials defects and to use cement in Portland cement (PC) production. While the cement has been replaced by different industrial wastes, the compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength and different PC permeability mixes have depended on the waste materials' type applied in PC production.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.349-360
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• 2022

The rising prices of landfills and the lack of cement production are motivating researchers to be more interested in using wastes to produce concrete mixtures materials. The use of waste materials such as eggshell and matakoline waste not only reduces landfill costs and space, but also reduces the cost of cement production for the concrete mixture. However, recycling waste materials has become critical in order to effectively manage environmental sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the appropriate properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) by incorporating waste materials such as crushed ceramics as coarse aggregate and nano egg shell (NES) and nanoclay (NC) as cement replacements. Fresh properties of SCC, such as segregation, flow time and diameter, V-funnel, H2/H1 ratio, and fresh unit weight of concrete mixtures, as well as hardened properties, such as 7, 14, and 28 days compressive strength and 28 and 90 days flexural strength, were measured for this purpose. The presence of NC in the SCC mixture enhanced the compressive strength of the concrete when 5% of NES was added or in the case without the addition of NES compared to the control mixture. The flexural strength enhanced with the incorporation of NC in the SCC increased the flexural strength of the concrete compared to the control mixture, but the incorporation of 5% of NES decreased the flexural strength compared to the mixtures with NC. These results prove the possibility of using crushed ceramics as the coarse aggregate, and NES and NC as substitutes for 5, 7, and 10% of the cement in SCC, because the properties of such SCC in hardened and fresh states are satisfactory.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2012

최근 쓰레기 매립장에 널리 사용되고 있는 토목섬유는 흙과의 접촉면에서 대변형 거동 및 변형율 연화 등의 전단거동 특성을 보이는데, 이는 토목섬유-흙 접촉면에서 함수비, 연직응력, 화학적 요소의 영향 등 고유물성에 기인한다. 본 연구에서는 침출수 내의 산성 및 염기성과 같은 성분의 영향이 진동하중 상태에서 토목섬유-흙 접촉면의 전단강도 감소에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 이미 구축된 다기능 접촉면 시험기(M-PIA)를 수정 제작하고 200일간 수침시킨 토목섬유와 흙 시료를 이용하여 진동 직접전단시험을 수행하였고, 그 결과 교란상태개념에 기초하여 화학적 인자들에 의한 토목섬유-흙 접촉면의 화학적 전단강도 감소 특성을 교란도 함수로써 확인하였다. 또한 전계방출주사현미경(FIB)을 이용하여 화학적 인자에 따른 흙입자 및 접촉면 손상의 차이를 확인하였다.