• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2003

The physical components of a river, such as water surface width/river width ratio, water level, and flow velocity vary according to different flowrates. Moreover, the riverside landscapes are greatly affected by the change of physical components of the stream or river. This paper provides an analysis of the influence of changing physical components of a river on the riverside landscape using a survey-based quantification method. The questionnaire was developed based on current literature, and was submitted to 326 people who each visited a representative station along the riverside.This survey was implemented three times at each representative station during periods of different flowrates. The results of this analysis and survey have Produced an understanding of the relationship between the variation of physical components and riverside landscapes. Survey results about the flow comparison are summarized as follows. Viewing riverside landscapes, most respondents are sensitive to the change of the flow velocity and prefer high water levels to low water levels. As a whole, respondents prefer abundant stream flows and moderate flow velocity in which they can perceive the flow of water. The minimum instream flows for riverside landscapes is estimated at each representative station by using a survey-based quantification method, and the estimated results of some representative stations were greater than the mean monthly flow at each station. The result of this analysis shows that establishing minimum instream flows for riverside landscapes is not only a technical problem, but also a legal problem. Therefore, in the to establish the instream flows in a river, the estimated results have to be considered as a relative standard. Regarding the survey results, respondents' satisfaction level didn't show any clear inclination according to the variation of various hydraulic properties. In determining the minimum instream flow using such an inquiry method, the structure of riverside scenery may vary according to the change of seasons or months. Therefore, to determine a consistent general inclination about the flow rate, it is necessary to have more detailed flow rates for each season or month combined with more inquiries.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.238-245
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• 1986

To evaluate effects of livestock wastewater on stream pollution, the survey on the environmental sanitation, hydrology, water quality, Pollutant loads and bacterial indicators in a stream receiving livestock wastewater discharged from Chun Sung livestock

• ALGAE
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2003

Algal growth potential test (AGPT) bioassay were conducted to evaluate the stream and reservoir water in the Okchon Stream Watershed during May to September 2002. The water quality of the stream water was clean in the upstream, deteriorating toward the downstream. In particular, SRP and $NH_4$ significantly increased due to treated wastewater. The average AGPT value of the Okchon Stream watershed was 22.4 mg dw ${\cdot}l^{-1}$, with the range of 0- 195.7 mg dw ${\cdot}l^{-1}$. AGPT value was the highest immediately after inflow of treated wastewater, averaging 91.3 mg dw${\cdot}l^{-1}$. AGPT was highly correlated with SRP, $NH_4$ and TIN factors, with P having the greatest effect on the growth of algae. Among N components, $NH_4$ was preferred to $NO_3$ for the growth of algae. Likewise, AGPT was closely linked to meteological and hydrological effects and development of natural phytoplankton. In survey stations, mesotrophic, eutrophic and hypertrophic conditions accounted for 43%, 21% and 36%, respectively. On the other hand, hypertrophic condition focused on the downstream reaches. AGPT was useful in determining not only the limiting nutrients but also the water fertility for the growth of algae. Based on the AGPT results, the management of point sources for water pollution in treated wastewater was important in the protection of aquatic environment in the stream and embayment.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2006

Landscape structure, habitat types, vegetation structure and biodiversity in the Bokha stream chosen as a reference stream were investigated to get ecological information necessary for restoration of urban stream degraded by excessive artificial interference. Landscape structure showed a slight change between before and after flooding. Habitat types of nine sorts were identified based on ecological information obtained from field survey such as micro-topography, hydrological characteristics, disturbance regime, and so on. Each habitat holds specific organisms to each site. Consequently, the number of plant communities, and species of benthos and fish increased as the kinds of habitat type increase. Ordination of habitat types based on vegetation, benthos, and fish data reorganized them into three groups of pool types of two kinds depending on whether they are connected to the water course or not and riffle one. Vegetation showed different stratification and species composition depending on topographical position in relation to disturbance cycle. Based on the results from this study, relationship between environmental heterogeneity and biodiversity was discussed and a restoration plan was suggested in a viewpoint of vegetation.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2010

안양천은 한강 지류의 국가하천으로서, 안양천 수변관리를 위한 생물상 현황조사를 수행하였다. 수변 및 주변지역 조사를 통하여 출현종 및 개체수를 파악하고 생태현황을 나타내는 민감종 및 서식지의 훼손을 방지하기 위한 외래종을 파악하였다. 안양천 수변부에서 출현한 식물상은 35목 78과 196속 230종 33변종 2품종 1잡종의 총 266종류(분류군)가 분포하는 것으로 조사되었으며, 외래종으로는 총 10목 16과 37속 47종 2변종 49분류군이 분포하는 것으로 확인되었다. 하류의 한강 합류부와 상류의 기아대교 하류부의 제방사면에서 외래종이면서 위해식물인 가시박(Sicyos angulatus)이 확인되어 이에 대한 관리대책 수립이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 안양천 주변을 11개 권역으로 분류하여 생태계교란야생동식물 및 외래종 관리방안과 사람과 자연이 공생할 수 있는 환경창출 방안과 하천 생태축(블루네크워크) 조성방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.322-330
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• 2014

2011년 9월부터 2012년 8월까지 경상남도 고성에 있는 4개 하천의 환경 특성을 파악하고, 각 하천의 어류상과 어류군집을 조사하였다. 채집된 어류는 고성천 17종, 마암천 18종, 구만천 20종, 배둔천 15종의 어류가 채집되었다. 집괴 분석 결과 해수 영향 유무에 따라 A 그룹은 구만천, 마암천, B 그룹은 고성천, 배둔천의 2 그룹으로 구분되었다. A 그룹에는 민물검정망둑(Tridentiger brevispinis), 날망둑(Gymnogobius castaneus), 숭어(Mugli cephalus), 문절망둑(Acanthogobius flavimanus)과 같은 주연성 어류들이 출현하였지만, B 그룹은 출현하지 않거나 소수만 출현하였다. 반면에 B 그룹에 출현한 참붕어 (Pseudorasbora parva), 긴몰개 (Squalidus gracilis majimae), 참갈겨니 (Zacco koreanus)와 같은 1차 담수 어류들은 A 그룹에 소수만 출현하였다. A 그룹의 하천은 하구둑이 없어서 담수와 해수 유통이 원활한 자연적인 하류지역이며, B 그룹은 하구둑이나 수중보에 의해 담수와 해수의 소통에 영향을 받는 곳이다. 결과적으로 하구둑과 수중보와 같은 인위적인 요인에 의한 담수와 해수 흐름의 변화가 고성인근 하천의 어류상에 영향을 미친 것으로 생각된다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2009

2007년 4월부터 2007년 10월까지 광릉수목원에서 어류군집을 조사하였다. 출현한 어종은 총 9과 22종 1,272개체였고 출현한 어종 중 멸종위기야생동 식물에 속하는 종은 Cottus koreanus 1종이었다. 국외에서 도입된 외래종은 Micropterus salmoides 1종이었고 출현한 어종 중 한반도고유종에 속하는 종은 9종 (종구성비 : 40.9%)이었다. 우점종은 Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (St. 1)와 Zacco platypus (St. 2${\sim}$7) 이었다. 종다양도 지수, 균등도지수 및 종풍부도 지수로 보면 St. 3에서 비교적 안정적인 어류 군집을 형성하고 었었다. Silurus microdorsalis, Cottus koreanus, Odontobutis platycephala 등은 왕숙천수계에서 광릉수목원 내 봉선사천에 극한되어 서식하는 것으로 생각된다. 1932년 조사와 비교 시 17종이 출현하지 않았고 7종이 새로 추가되었다. Hemibarbus mylodon, Acheilognathus signifer, Zacco koreanus 등은 왕숙천 수계 내에서 소멸된 것으로 생각되며 Acheilognathus signifer와 Zacco koreanus는 복원 대상종으로 생각된다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2011

집중호우 및 돌발홍수로 인한 하천재해의 대부분은 지방하천과 소하천에서 발생하고 있으며, 소하천의 경우 주로 미 정비하천에서 피해가 발생하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 최근 10년간(2001~2010)의 조사 결과는 소하천정비사업비가 증가함에 따라 소하천 피해 또한 변동성은 있으나 전체적으로 감소하는 경향을 보이는 것으로 나타나 소하천정비사업이 소하천의 재해예방에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 재해예방을 위하여 위험도가 큰 소하천을 우선지원하고 산간지역이나 보존지역 및 농경지 구간과 같이 상대적으로 정비효과가 낮은 소하천은 정비사업 대상선정 시 제외하기 위하여 소하천정비사업 선정기준을 개발하였다. 개발된 선정기준 세부항목별 배점기준의 적정성을 검토하기 위하여 212개 소하천에서 수집된 현황자료를 구간별로 도시하고 구간별 분포를 분석하였는데, 대부분의 항목이 정규분포를 보이는 것으로 나타나 배점구간이 잘 결정되었음이 입증 되었다. 본 연구를 통해서 결정된 소하천정비사업 선정기준은, 재해위험이 높은 하천을 우선 선정함으로써 최소한의 소하천정비사업 비용으로 최대한의 재해예방효과를 거두기 위한 선정기준으로 활용이 가능하다. 더불어 소하천정비사업 선정시 홍수터조성을 위한 농경지 확보사업 지구는 특별선정대상 지구로써 우선순위를 부여함으로써 정비효과가 낮은 소하천에 대해서는 하천을 정비하지 않고 하류의 홍수피해를 최소화하는 방향으로 소하천정비를 유도할 수 있다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2001

Growth of cities and an increase in population result in the development-oriented policy, urban streams to lose their natural characteristics and functions by channelization, parking lot construction, and so forth. The streams fall into urban drains, which is the current status of urban streams. Recently, the interest in the stream environment and the ecosystem has been increased, and the efforts have been made to improve the traditional maintenance program for small streams. These efforts lead to the application of the natural recovery systems. This study applied the 240-meter model reach along the Oncheon stream, which locates in Dongrae-gu, Busan city. to analyze the natural recovery system. The efficiency of each system has been analyzed and the future improvements for the systems are presented. The results show that the stream maintenance program should consider the ecological environment. thereby minimizing the environmental effects. When the changes are inevitable, the maintenance program should adopt the methods. which closely simulate the original environmental elements. or are more favorable to the ecosystem.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.275-287
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• 2016

This study attempts to estimate the benefits of using water ensuing from the Chilgap multipurpose reservoir for environmental improvement. The contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to elicit the willingness to pay (WTP) for providing environmental improvement water from the Chilgap reservoir to Daechi-stream and Ji-stream. The DCDB (double-bound dichotomous choice) survey method was used to collect data for the analysis. Due to the usually high cost of increasing the sample size, the use of follow-up questions was implemented as an inexpensive method of improving the efficiency of the estimation. A spike model was used in this study because a number of respondents showed zero WTP. The spike model can be estimated as easily as the conventional model. Results show that the average annual household's WTP is 4,516 won using the conventional model and 8,644 won using the spike model. Applying the estimated average annual household's WTP to the Chungnam and Daejeon regional levels, the benefits of environmental improvement water from the Chilgap reservoir is estimated at 11.9 billion won per year. The temporal benefits of providing water for environmental improvement, for a 50-year period at a 6.0% discount rate, is estimated at about 190 billion won in the Chungnam and Daejeon areas. These results could be useful especially when the government tries to determine an appropriate level of investment and to make a policy related to providing environmental improvement water.