• Computers and Concrete
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2020

The use of fly ash in modern-day concrete technology aiming sustainable constructions is on rapid rise. Fly ash, a spinoff from coal calcined thermal power plants with pozzolanic properties is used for cement replacement in concrete. Fly ash concrete is cost effective, which modifies and improves the fresh and hardened properties of concrete and additionally addresses the disposal and storage issues of fly ash. Soft computing techniques have gained attention in the civil engineering field which addresses the drawbacks of classical experimental and computational methods of determining the concrete compressive strength with varying percentages of fly ash. In this study, models based on soft computing techniques employed for the prediction of the compressive strengths of fly ash concrete are collected from literature. They are classified in a categorical way of concrete strengths such as control concrete, high strength concrete, high performance concrete, self-compacting concrete, and other concretes pertaining to the soft computing techniques usage. The performance of models in terms of statistical measures such as mean square error, root mean square error, coefficient of correlation, etc. has shown that soft computing techniques have potential applications for predicting the fly ash concrete compressive strengths.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.544-557
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• 2010

This paper addresses the problem of controlling the envelope's power peak of single carrier modulated signals, band limited by root-raised cosine (RRC) pulse shaping filters, in order to reduce power amplifier back-off for very small aperture terminals ground stations. Magnitude modulation (MM) is presented as a very efficient solution to the peak-to-average power ratio problem. This paper gives a detailed description of the MM concept and its recent evolutions. It starts by extending the look-up-table (LUT) based approach of the MM concept to M-ary constellations with M ${\leq}$ 16. The constellation and RRC symmetries are explored, allowing considerable reduction on LUT computation complexity and storage requirements. An effective multistage polyphase (MPMM) approach for the MM concept is then proposed. As opposed to traditional LUT-MM solutions, MM coefficients are computed in real-time by a low complexity multirate filter system. The back-off from high-power amplifier saturation is almost eliminated (reduction is greater than 95%) with just a 2-stage MPMM system even for very demanding roll-off cases (e.g., ${\alpha}$ = 0,1). Also, the MPMM is independent of modulation in use, allowing its easy application to constellations with M > 16.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.205-214
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• 2020

With the recent development of hardware and software technology, interest in the development of wearable devices is increasing. In particular, wearable devices require algorithms suitable for low-power and low-capacity embedded devices. Among them, there is an increasing demand for a signal compression algorithm that reduces communication overhead, in order to increase the efficiency of storage and transmission of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals requiring long-time measurement. Because normal beats occupy most of the signal with similar shapes, a high rate of signal compression is possible if normal beats are represented by a template. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for determining the normal beat template using the template cluster and Pearson similarity. Also, the template is expressed effectively as a few vertices through linear approximation algorithm. In experiment of Datum 234 of MIT-BIH arrhythmia database (MIT-BIH ADB) provided by Physionet, a compression ratio was 33.44:1, and an average distribution of root mean square error (RMSE) was 1.55%.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.264-268
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• 2001

Two antimicrobial extracts of Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinesis France root as well as grapefruit seed extract(GFSE) were applied to dipping treatment for green chilli peppers, which were then packed in low density polyethylene(LDPE) films incorporated with 1% antimicrobial extracts and stored 10$^{\circ}C$. Dipping and packaging treatments suppressed the growth of putrefactive microorganisms and the duly ratio of green chilli peppers. In addition, the loss ratio of ascorbic acid content and their weight during the storage was lower with treated green chilli peppers. Consequently, the combined method of dipping and packaging in antimicrobial agents turned out to be superior to dipping treatment or film-packaging in the view point of decay ratio and the keeping qualities of green chilli peppers.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.134-138
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• 1986

Based on a tracer study, starch phosphorylase was implicated as an agent in the starch synthesis in sweet potato roots. The enzyme was purified from the tissue as a cluster of isozymes with an average mw of 205K (fresh roots) or 159K (roots stored for 3 mon.). On SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, one large subunit of 98K mw and several small ones of 47${\sim}57K mw were observed. From the mw data and the results of peptide mapping and immunoelectrophoretic blotting using mono- and polyclonal antibodies, it was deduced that a large part of the large subunit was cleaved at the middle part of the peptide chain to give rise to the small subunits, and on storage, the enzyme molecules were further modified by proteolysis. During the course of phosphorylase purification, a proteinaceous inhibitor of the enzyme was isolated. It had a mw of 250K and was composed of 5 identical subunits of 51K mw. In the direction of starch synthesis, the inhibitor showed a noncompetitive kinetics with a Ki of $1.3{\times}10^{-6}\;M$. By immunohistochemical methods, both the enzyme and the inhibitor were located on the cell wall and amyloplast. Crossreacting materials of the inhibitor were present in spinach leaf, potato tuber and rice grain. These findings indicate the wide occurrence of the inhibitor and also imply its possible participation in regulating starch phosphorylase activity in vivo.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.127-130
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• 1989

Ginseng seedlings were transplanted in the perlite and grown with various $CO_2$ concentration for 14 days. The days for full emergence was decreased by 3 days at 6 to 8% $CO_2$ but increased above 13%. Stem length showed significant negative linear correlation with $CO_2$ concentration at 14 days but little difference at 64 days. Relative growth (%) to seedling at 64 days tended to increased till 8% $CO_2$ and decrease thereafter without significance. Seedlings showed 65% emergence with short stem (60%) under 22% $CO_2$ for 64 days. Seedlings were all sleeping under 35% $CO_2$ for 64 days. Above results indicates that $CO_2$ may be useful for growth control or post harvest storage of ginseng.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the patterns of dry matter (DM) production and accumulation, and to screen the relationships between related major growth characters and DM accumulation in four cassava varieties in Bogor $(6^{\circ}19'-6^{\circ}47'S,\;106^{\circ}21'-107^{\circ}13'E)$, West Java, Indonesia. Gading and Adiral developed an enough source and canopy in short at the early growth phase and then translocated assimilates to storage roots with a higher partitioning rate, even these varieties were considered as early-bulking varieties, which have superior source and sink potentials in increasing yield and DM of tubers. The root/shoot ratio (R/SR), total dry weight (TDW), leaf area duration, leaf area index (LAI), and number of tubers showed higher positive correlations with the dry weight of roots (DWR), and the direct effects of TDW, R/SR, and LAI on the DWR were higher. These characters were considered to be useful target characters to screen cassava varieties with high yield potential and high DM in aspect of tuber production.

• IE interfaces
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 1998

It is strongly believed that Video on Demand(VOD) will become one of the most promising services for Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network(B-ISDN). VOD service can be classified into two types of services: Near VOD(NVOD) and Interactive VOD(IVOD). Although VOD network requires many kinds of resources, we only consider video servers, programs. and storages. In the network. some video servers should be installed at some nodes(especially, at the root node for NVOD service). so that each node with video server stores video programs and distributes stored programs to customers. We take into account three kinds of costs related with the above resources: a program transmission cost, a program storage cost, and a video server installation cost. There exists a trade-off relationship among those three costs according to the locations of video servers and the kinds of programs stored at each video server. Given a multi-level VOD network and the total number of programs being served in the network. the resource. optimization problem for providing both IVOD and NVOD services is to determine where to install video servers, and which and how many programs should be stored at each video server, in order to minimize the total cost. In this paper we develop an efficient dynamic programming algorithm to solve the problem. We also implement the algorithm based on two different service policies assumed in this paper.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.189-196
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• 2021

Recently, as a countermeasure for cyber breach attacks and confidential leak incidents on PC hard disk memory storage data of the metaverse industry, it is required when reviewing and developing a remote-based regular/real-time monitoring and analysis security system. The reason for this is that more than 90% of information security leaks occur on edge-end PCs, and tangible and intangible damage, such as an average of 1.20 billion won per metaverse industrial security secret leak (the most important facts and numerical statistics related to 2018 security, 10.2018. the same time as responding to the root of the occurrence of IT WORLD on the 16th, as it becomes the target of malicious code attacks that occur in areas such as the network system web due to interworking integration when building IT infrastructure, Deep-Access-based regular/real-time remote. The concept of memory analysis and audit system is key.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1270-1277
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• 2019

A problem with virtual synchronous generator (VSG) systems is that they are difficult to operate stably with photovoltaic (PV) power as the DC side. With this problem in mind, a PV-VSG control strategy considering the dynamic characteristics of the DC side is proposed after an in-depth analysis of the dynamic characteristics of photovoltaic power with a parallel energy-storage capacitor. The proposed PV-VSG automatically introduces DC side voltage control for the VSG when the PV enters into an unstable working interval, which avoids the phenomenon where an inverter fails to work due to a DC voltage sag. The stability of the original VSG and the proposed PV-VSG were compared by a root locus analysis. It is found that the stability of the PV-VSG is more sensitive to the inertia coefficient J than the VSG, and that a serious power oscillation may occur. According to this, a new rotor model is designed to make the inertial coefficient automatically change to adapt to the operating state. Experimental results show that the PV-VSG control strategy can achieve stable operation and maximum power output when the PV output power is insufficient.