• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.666-671
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• 2006

This paper proposes a method to calculate the stiffness and the damping coefficients of the coupled journal and thrust bearings. The Reynolds equations and their perturbation equations are transformed to the finite element equations by considering the continuity of pressure and flow at the interface between bearings. The Reynolds boundary condition is used in the numerical analysis to simulate the cavitation phenomena. The dynamic coefficients of the proposed method are compared with those of the numerical differentiation of the loads with respect to finite displacements and velocities of bearing center. It shows that the proposed method is more accurate and efficient than the differentiation method.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.808-812
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• 2010

This paper studies the finite element modeling and analytical parameters for the numerical evaluation of dynamic stiffness of large foundation for shipboard equipments such as marine diesel engine. For the purpose, numerical method and procedure to evaluate the dynamic stiffness are established based on the impact test method, which are applied for the dynamic stiffness evaluation of a real diesel generator foundation of ship. Numerical investigations compared with the measured data are carried out to evaluate the effects of modeling ranges of ship substructure, finite element sizes, lower support structures and damping coefficients. From the results, modeling and analytical parameters for proper evaluation of dynamic stiffness of large foundation of shipboard equipment are suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.267-272
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• 2003

This paper presents a performance analysis model of corrugated bump foil bearings. The analyses for not only 1st generation bump foil journal bearings but also bump foil thrust bearings are performed. Static performances such as load capacity, attitude angle, pressure distribution, foil deflection, and film thickness are accurately estimated by using soft elasto-hydrodynamic analysis technique and finite difference numerical method. Also dynamic performances such as stiffness coefficients and damping coefficients are estimated by perturbation method. The analysis technique may be appliable to rotordynamic analysis, stability analysis, and optimized bearing design.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.291-296
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• 1999

This study presents a method for determining stiffness and damping coefficients of 30% U slider-air bearings by using perturbation method, and shows that this method is more accurate than steady state method according to the comparison of those with the modal analysis method. Through a generalized lubrication equation, which based on linealized Boltzmann equation, the static and dynamic pressure distributions are calculated by finite volume method.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.83-109
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• 2013

A simple damper optimization method is proposed to find optimal damper allocation for shear buildings under both target added damping ratio and interstorey drift ratio (IDR). The damping coefficients of added dampers are considered as design variables. The cost, which is defined as the sum of damping coefficient of added dampers, is minimized under a target added damping ratio and the upper and the lower constraint of the design variables. In the first stage of proposed algorithm, Simulated Annealing, Nelder Mead and Differential Evolution numerical algorithms are used to solve the proposed optimization problem. The candidate optimal design obtained in the first stage is tested in terms of the IDRs using linear time history analyses for a design earthquake in the second stage. If all IDRs are below the allowable level, iteration of the algorithm is stopped; otherwise, the iteration continues increasing the target damping ratio. By this way, a structural response IDR is also taken into consideration using a snap-back test. In this study, the effects of the selection of upper limit for added dampers, the storey mass distribution and the storey stiffness distribution are all investigated in terms of damper distributions, cost function, added damping ratio and IDRs for 6-storey shear building models. The results of the proposed method are compared with two existing methods in the literature. Optimal designs are also compared with uniform designs according to both IDRs and added damping ratios. The numerical results show that the proposed damper optimization method is easy to apply and is efficient to find optimal damper distribution for a target damping ratio and allowable IDR value.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.57-78
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• 2023

In this study, a generalized three-degree-of-freedom (3-DoF) analytical model is formulated to predict linear aerodynamic instabilities of a prism under quasi-steady (QS) conditions. The prism is assumed to possess a generic cross-section exposed to turbulent wind flow. The 3-DoFs encompass two orthogonal horizontal directions and rotation about the prism body axis. Inertial coupling is considered to account for the non-coincidence of the mass center and the rotation center. The aerodynamic force coefficients-drag, lift, and moment-depend on the Reynolds number based on relative flow velocity, angle of attack, and the angle between the wind and the cable. Aerodynamic forces are linearized with respect to the static equilibrium configuration and mean wind velocity. Routh-Hurwitz and Liénard and Chipart criteria are used in the eigenvalue problem, yielding an analytical solution for instabilities in galloping and static divergence types. Additionally, the minimum structural damping and stiffness required to prevent these instabilities are numerically determined. The proposed 3-DoF instability model is subsequently applied to a conductor with ice accretion and a full-scale dry inclined cable. In comparison to existing models, the developed model demonstrates superior prediction accuracy for unstable regions compared with results in wind tunnel tests.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2009

Dynamic characteristics of the clearance flow between an axially oscillating rotational disk and a stationary disk were examined by experiments and computations based on a bulk flow model. In the case without pressure fluctuations at the inlet and outlet of the clearance, parallel and contracting flow paths had an effect to stabilize the axial oscillation of the rotating disk. The enlarged flow path had an effect to destabilize the axial oscillation due to the negative damping and stiffness for outward and inward flows, respectively. It was shown that the fluid force can be decomposed into the component caused by the inlet or outlet pressure fluctuation without the axial oscillation and that due to the axial oscillation without the inlet or outlet pressure fluctuation. A method to predict the stiffness and damping coefficients is proposed for general cases when the device is combined with an arbitrary flow system.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.310-316
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• 2019

This paper presents two methods for designing a high-speed air spindle operated over the rotational speed of 50,000 rpm. The first method is an approximate method, which assumes a symmetric spindle shape even though it is not symmetric in reality. The second is an analysis of rotordynamics using beam and solid models. The approximate method can be used to calculate the bearing load capacities, stiffness and damping coefficients, stability of the shaft system, and response of the forced excitation from the unbalanced mass. Designers can use this method to determine the dimensions of the desired spindle at the first stage of the design. The more detailed behavior of the spindle can be calculated using the rotordynamics theory using beam and solid models based on the Finite Element Method. In this paper, a spindle, with two air bearings, one motor at the end, and two air thrust bearings, is newly developed. The solutions from the two rotordynamics theories are compared with the solution obtained using the approximate method. The three calculations are in agreement, and the procedure for the design of a spindle system, supported on the externally pressurized air bearings, ispresented and discussed.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 1994

The hydrodynamic bearing is accepted in many rotating systems because it has a large load carrying capacity. But the anisotropic pressure distribution of the bearing can arise the unstable vibration phenomenon over a certain speed. The magnetic bearing is an active element so that the unstable phenomenon of the hydrodynamic bearing, which is induced by the anisotropic support pressure of the oil film, can be controlled if the control algorithm and the controller gains are chosen appropriately. In this study, we investigate the stabilization method of the hydrodynamic bearing system composing the hybrid bearing which is the single unit of hydrodynamic bearing and magnetic bearing. The load carrying conditions of the hybrid bearing is modelled by the sum of the stiffness and damping coefficients of the hydrodynamic and the magnetic bearings in each direction. The dynamics of the rotor is analyzed by the Finite Element Method and the stability limit is determined by the eigenvalues of the hybrid bearings and shaft system. The eigenvalue study of the system shows that the stability limit of the hybrid bearing is increased compared to that of the hydrodynamic bearing. A Small increment of the stiffness and damping coefficient of the hybrid bearings by the magnetic actuators can increase the stability limit of the system. In this paper we tried to show the design references of the hybrid bearings by using the nondimensional bearing parameters. The analysis results show the possibilities of the stability limit increment of the hydrodynamic bearing system by combining the magnetic bearing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.227-230
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• 2005

The paper presents the identification of dynamic property of a rotor system with a squeeze film damper (SFD) using magnetic fluid. An electromagnet is installed in the inner damper of the SFD. The magnetic fluid is well known as a functional fluid. Its rheological property can be changed by controlling the applied current to the fluid and the fluid can be used as lubricant. Basically, the proposed SFD has the characteristics of a conventional SFD without an applied current, while the damping and stiffness properties change according to the variation of the applied electric current. Therefore, when the applied current is changed, the whirling vibration of the rotor system can be effectively reduced. The clustering-based hybrid evolutionary algorithm (CHEA) is used to identify linear stiffness and damping coefficients of the SFD based on measured unbalance responses.