• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.1062-1073
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• 2023

우울증은 개인과 사회에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 흔한 정신질환이지만 그 원인은 아직 명확히 밝혀져 있지 않다. 스트레스는 우울증의 주요 위험인자이며, 염증을 유발하여 우울증에 대한 취약성을 증가시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 수많은 연구는 우울증과 염증의 강한 연관성을 제안하고 있다. 우울증 환자 혈액에서는 IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α 및 IFN-γ와 같은 친염증성 사이토카인이 증가하였으며, IL-4, IL-10 및 TGF-β와 같은 항염증성 사이토카인이 감소하였다. 설치류에 친염증성 사이토카인을 투여하면 우울 유사 행동이 관찰되는 반면, 항염증제를 투여하면 우울 증상이 완화된다. 이러한 연구들은 우울증의 병인에 염증의 중요성을 강조하고 있다. 우울증에서 염증이 활성화되는 기전에 관한 다양한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 최근 연구에서는 스트레스로 유발되는 무균 염증의 중요성을 밝히고 있다. 병원균의 감염이 없는 상태에서 신체 및 심리적 스트레스로 인해 염증 과정이 활성화되는 것을 무균 염증이라 한다. 스트레스는 무균 염증을 활성화하기 위해 DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns)로 알려진 내인성 인자의 방출을 촉진시키며, 방출된 DAMPs는 해당 수용체인 PRRs (pattern recognition receptors)에 결합함으로서 신호전달을 통해 친염증성 사이토카인 생성을 증가시킨다. 본 종설에서 무균 염증의 조절 장애에 대한 전임상 및 임상 증거를 바탕으로 우울증에서 DAMP의 역할을 검토하고자 한다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.22-26
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• 2007

Leaves and stem of Viburnum sargentii for. sterile(Caprifoliaceae) has been used as therapeutic agents as a pain of the joints, skin disease as styptics, analgesics for traditional folk medicines. The present study describes the preliminary evaluation of biological activities-analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective activities, of its methanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and butanol fraction. Among them butanol fraction showed the highest activity in inflammation and writhing test.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.554-559
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• 1999

Aucubin, an iridoid glucoside isolated from Aucuba japonica, has pharmacological effects such as antimicrobial effect, liver protective function and inhibition of liver RNA and protein biosynthesis, etc. This study was performed to observe the effect of aucubin on the pulp tissue after pulpotomy. Aucubin was converted to aucubinogenin as an active form by ${\beta}$-glucosidase. In 3 Mongrel dogs, the pulps were mechanically exposed with a sterile round bur and excised with sterile excavator. After bleeding control, aucubin was applied on remaining pulp tissues and then they were sealed with IRM in experimental group. In control group, $Ca(OH)_2$ powder was applied on remaining pulp tissues and then they were sealed with IRM. After interval of 1 and 12 weeks, the dogs were sacrificed. The teeth were prepared for histologic evaluation and examined by light microscope. Aucubin 1 week group showed that mild inflammation and vascular congestion in most of the specimen. More various degree of inflammation was found in experimental group than in control group. Premature calcified mass were found in the both 1 weeks groups. Continuous well-formed dentin bridge was found in both 12 weeks groups. Collectively, this study suggests that the possibility of aucubin as a medicament after pulpotomy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.204-213
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• 2019

Background In implant-based breast reconstruction, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is essential for supporting the inferolateral pole. Recent studies have compared non-sterilized freeze-dried ADM and sterilized pre-hydrated ADM, but have not assessed whether differences were attributable to factors related to sterile processing or packaging. This study was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes of breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs. Methods Through a retrospective chart review, we analyzed 77 consecutive patients (85 breasts) who underwent tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction with either freeze-dried ADM (35 breasts) or pre-hydrated ADM (50 breasts) from March 2016 to February 2018. Demographic variables, postoperative outcomes, and operative parameters were compared between freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADM. Biopsy specimens were obtained for histologic analysis. Results We obtained results after adjusting for variables found to be significant in univariate analyses. The total complication rate for freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADMs was 25.7% and 22.0%, respectively. Skin necrosis was significantly more frequent in the freeze-dried group than in the pre-hydrated group (8.6% vs. 4.0%, P=0.038). All other complications and operative parameters showed no significant differences. In the histologic analysis, collagen density, inflammation, and vascularity were higher in the pre-hydrated ADM group (P=0.042, P=0.006, P=0.005, respectively). Conclusions There are limited data comparing the outcomes of tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs. In this study, we found that using pre-hydrated ADM resulted in less skin necrosis and better integration into host tissue. Pre-hydrated ADM may therefore be preferable to freeze-dried ADM in terms of convenience and safety.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.345-348
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• 2019

A four-year old, indoor-living neutered male Old English Bulldog was presented for generalized ulcerative dermatitis. Generalized alopecia and multifocal papules and ulcers with crusting were observed mainly in the dorsal trunk. Cytology of the skin lesions revealed a pyogranulomatous inflammation comprising macrophages and nondegenerate neutrophils. Histopathology also revealed a nodular dermatitis characterized by mixed infiltration of monocytes and neutrophils involving the superficial and deep dermis. Neither of bacteria nor fungus was identified in microscopic exam and culture. From those findings, a diagnosis of cutaneous sterile pyogranuloma/granuloma syndrome (SPGS) was made. Treatment with immunosuppressive drugs of prednisone and cyclosporine was performed and visible ulcerative skin lesions were resolved after 4 weeks of initiation of therapy. Treatment with combination of cyclosporine and prednisone may be effective for the case of SPGS.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(제116회) 및 13회 Workshop 제3회 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회 초록집
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• pp.582.1-582
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• 2001

IL-6 and IL-10 are known to be inflammatory cytokines that mediate host response to invading microorganisms or pathogenic antigen. But the roles of these cytokines in pulpal inflammation are not well established. The objective of this study was to investigate the concentrations and the roles of IL-6 and IL-10 in the pulpal inflammation associated with gram-negative bacteria, P. nigrescens. We exposed the pulps of rat mandibular incisors and inserted sterile cotton in control groups and inoculated P. nigrescens in experimental groups.(omitted)

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.377-380
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• 2017

An 8-year-old, shih-tzu female dog was referred due to neurological signs including paraparesis and back pain. On the complete blood count, hematologic analysis showed elevated leukocytosis. Serum biochemical analysis revealed elevated serum alkaline phosphatase concentration and C-reactive protein concentration. On the neurologic exam, the dog was suspected to have thoracolumbar myelopathy. On magnetic resonance imaging, there were masses within the spinal canal at L1-3 intervertebral disc space that were located dorsal to spinal cord. It was hyperintense on T1-, T2-weighted magnetic resonance images, Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and fat suppression images. The contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images showed no enhancement. The lesions were well circumscribed. The spinal cord was compressed and displaced ventrally by the mass. After removal of the masses via L1-L3 dorsal laminectomy, pyogranulomatous inflammation was confirmed by histopathological examination. Six months after surgery, the dog recovered uneventfully and remained fully ambulatory with no neurological deficits. This case demonstrates the utility of magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of spinal canal pyogranulomatous inflammation.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.18.1-18.13
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• 2021

TLR signaling is critical for broad scale immune recognition of pathogens and/or danger molecules. TLRs are particularly important for the activation and the maturation of cells comprising the innate immune response. In recent years it has become apparent that several different TLRs regulate the function of lymphocytes as well, albeit to a lesser degree compared to innate immunity. TLR2 heterodimerizes with either TLR1 or TLR6 to broadly recognize bacterial lipopeptides as well as several danger-associated molecular patterns. In general, TLR2 signaling promotes immune cell activation leading to tissue inflammation, which is advantageous for combating an infection. Conversely, inappropriate or dysfunctional TLR2 signaling leading to an overactive inflammatory response could be detrimental during sterile inflammation and autoimmune disease. This review will highlight and discuss recent research advances linking TLR2 engagement to autoimmune inflammation.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 1999년도 제38차 추계학술대회
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• pp.28.2-28.2
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• 1999

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.30-41
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• 2024

The dense granule protein of Toxoplasma gondii, inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (IST) is an inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) transcriptional activity that binds to STAT1 and regulates the expression of inflammatory molecules in host cells. A sterile inflammatory liver injury in pathological acute liver failures occurs when excessive innate immune function, such as the massive release of IFN-γ and TNF-α, is activated without infection. In relation to inflammatory liver injury, we hypothesized that Toxoplasma gondii inhibitor of STAT1 transcription (TgIST) can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by activating the STAT1/IRF-1 mechanism in liver inflammation. This study used IFN-γ and TNF-α as inflammatory inducers at the cellular level of murine hepatocytes (Hepa-1c1c7) to determine whether TgIST inhibits the STAT1/IRF-1 axis. In stable cells transfected with TgIST, STAT1 expression decreased with a decrease in interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 levels. Furthermore, STAT1 inhibition of TgIST resulted in lower levels of NF-κB and COX2, as well as significantly lower levels of class II transactivator (CIITA), iNOS, and chemokines (CLXCL9/10/11). TgIST also significantly reduced the expression of hepatocyte proapoptotic markers (Caspase3/8/9, P53, and BAX), which are linked to sterile inflammatory liver injury. TgIST also reduced the expression of adhesion (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and infiltration markers of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) induced by hepatocyte and tissue damage. TgIST restored the cell apoptosis induced by IFN-γ/TNF-α stimulation. These results suggest that TgIST can inhibit STAT1-mediated inflammatory and apoptotic responses in hepatocytes stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines.