• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.6
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• pp.657-662
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the changes in soil chemical properties after thinning for a Quercus acuta stand in Wan-do Arboretum, Jeollanam-do. The stem density after thinning was determined referring to that of Quercus acutissima with 10 cm diameter at breast height and soil samples were collected 7 years after thinning. There was no considerable difference in soil pH values after thinning. However, the concentrations of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus significantly increased after thinning. In addition, thinning significantly increased cation exchange capacity (C.E.C) and the concentrations of exchangeable cations ($K^+$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$). From this study, it was revealed that the nutrient concentrations of this study site were generally lower than those of other forest soils. Therefore, it is need to improve the warm temperate forests through thinning and to develop forest treatment for regeneration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.71 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1985

This study was performed to investigate the damage to the primary production of Pinus thunbergii forest from air pollution around the Yeochon Industrial Estate. The data were observed at 6 sites in the vicinity of the above area. The vitality of pine trees and the accumulation of the soluable sulfur and the fluorine were analyzed. Their value was generally increased near the source of air pollutants. The biomass density and annual net production were $1.01kg/m^3$, 5.90 t/ha/yr in the stand 4 respectively and $0.66kg/m^3$, 0.32t/hr/hr in the stand 3 respectively. The net assimilation rate was 0.4 - 1.6 kg/kg/yr and the efficiency of leaf to produce stem was 0.3 - 1.3 kg/kg/yr. The annual growth percentage of volume was 16.0% at the slightly damaged area and 4.0% at the severly damaged area. The maximum mean annual increment per tree was $0.0040m^3$ and $0.0008m^3$ in same order.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.553-558
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• 2010

This study was conducted to clarify the differences in rodents population densities between natural restored and red pine silvicultured forests after forest fire in Samcheok, Gangwon Province, Korea from March to December 2008. One ha size of 3 study plots were set up in each natural restored and silvicultured stand. We trapped the small rodents during 4 consecutive nights every 2 months in each stand. Understory coverage and number of shrub stems were higher in silvicultured stand than in natural restored stand. Coverage of overstory, suboverstory and midstory, number of tree stem, woody seedling stems and dead wood, and amount of coarse woody debris were higher in natural restored stand than in silvicultured stand. Six hundred eighty eight individuals of four species, such as Apodemus agrarius, A. peninsulae, Eothenomys regulus and Tamias sibiricus were captured in our study. Number of captured small rodents were higher in natural restored stand than in silvicultured stand. Also, species compositions were differed in both stands. The captured number of A. agrarius and A. peninsulae were most highest in April and December. E. regulus were shown higher number of captured in April and June, and T. sibiricus were in June and October. Removal of coarse woody debris and silvicultural practice would not be good for the inhabitation of small rodents. For the conservation of small rodents diversity, management of understory and canopy would be needed in forest fired area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2014

Open- to closed canopy stage and it's ecological characteristics in vegetation succession are commonly described, but poorly understood in Korea. Vegetation development on structure, environment and understory abundance were studied for 16 yr in post-clearcut Pinus densiflora forests in the southern Gangwon-do province by applying space-for-time approach. We sampled 210 plots (10 for structure and 200 for understory) for four seral stages (1yr, 3yr, 10yr and 16yr). After clear-cut, mean stem density increased gradually to $5,714{\pm}645$ stems/ha after 16 years and mean basal area was also from $5.5{\pm}0.7m^2/ha$ after 10 years and doubled at $10.0{\pm}1.6m^2/ha$ in 16 years. Woody debris and bared soil on the forest floor peaked at 11--- after 10 years and at 10.3--- after 3 years, respectively. In understory mean cover declined with all growth form groups following succession, but in richness, forb specie increased with structural development during 16 years. Our study suggested that overstory development did not suppressed whole understory properties especially in richness, thus appeared to act as a filter selectively constraining the understory characteristics. However only long-term studies are essential for elucidating patterns and processes that cannot be inferred form short-term or space-for-time researches. Strong negative relationship between overstory and understory characteristics in conventional models surely reexamined.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.438-444
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• 2011

Purpose: Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are readily harvested from lipoaspirated tissue or subcutaneous adipose tissue fragments. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a heterogeneous set of cell populations that surround and support adipose tissue, which includes the stromal cells, ASCs, that have the ability to differentiate into cells of several lineages and contains cells from the microvasculature. The mechanisms that drive the ASCs into the osteoblast lineage are still not clear, but the process has been more extensively studied in bone marrow stromal cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic capacity of adipose derived SVF cells and evaluate bone formation following implantation of SVF cells into the bone defect of human phalanx. Methods: Case 1 a 43-year-old male was wounded while using a press machine. After first operation, segmental bone defects of the left 3rd and 4th middle phalanx occurred. At first we injected the SVF cells combined with demineralized bone matrix (DBM) to defected 4th middle phalangeal bone lesion. We used P (L/DL)LA [Poly (70L-lactide-co-30DL-lactide) Co Polymer P (L/DL)LA] as a scaffold. Next, we implanted the SVF cells combined with DBM to repair left 3rd middle phalangeal bone defect in sequence. Case 2 was a 25-year-old man with crushing hand injury. Three months after the previous surgery, we implanted the SVF cells combined with DBM to restore right 3rd middle phalangeal bone defect by syringe injection. Radiographic images were taken at follow-up hospital visits and evaluated radiographically by means of computerized analysis of digital images. Results: The phalangeal bone defect was treated with autologous SVF cells isolated and applied in a single operative procedure in combination with DBM. The SVF cells were supported in place with mechanical fixation with a resorbable macroporous sheets acting as a soft tissue barrier. The radiographic appearance of the defect revealed a restoration to average bone density and stable position of pharyngeal bone. Densitometric evaluations for digital X-ray revealed improved bone densities in two cases with pharyngeal bone defects, that is, 65.2% for 4th finger of the case 1, 60.5% for 3rd finger of the case 1 and 60.1% for the case 2. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that adipose derived stromal vascular fraction cells have osteogenic potential in two clinical case studies. Thus, these reports show that cells from the SVF cells have potential in many areas of clinical cell therapy and regenerative medicine, albeit a lot of work is yet to be done.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2001

Experiments were conducted to evaluate quality and vase life of cut rose 'Rote Rose' cultivated in soil or hydroponically in rockwool. Rose flower stems harvested in commercial greenhouses in Kimhae on May 27 and June 14, 1998 were transported for about two hours to a laboratory and recut in water to an uniform stem length of 45cm. The rose flowers harvested on the same day were displayed at a density of $10cm{\times}10cm$ and were subjected to the same environmental conditions in a growth chamber. The stems were put in four different preservative solutions, 0.5% Chrysal RVB, BS (2% sucrose+200ppm 8HQS+0.3% Chrysal RVB), Sonk1 (BS+0.1mM ethionine), and double distilled $H_2O$. Flower stems harvested on May 27 were displayed at $18{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, RH 60-70%, and light intensity of 220lux provided by fluorescent lamps for $16h{\cdot}d^{-1}$. Flower stems harvested on June 14 were displayed at $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, RH 70-80%, and light intensity of 220lux provided by fluorescent lamps for $16h{\cdot}d^{-1}$. Fresh weight and flower diameter were affected by cultivation method, and were greater in hydroponically-grown roses than in soil-grown roses. Among the preservative solutions, BS and Sonk1 were superior to Chrysal RVB in terms of prolonging vase life. Vase life extension in Chrysal RVB, BS and Sonk1 over the control was about one day in both display temperatures. At $18^{\circ}C$ vase life was maintained for three to four additional days as compared to that at $25^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.212-220
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• 2022

When it comes to single node leafy stem cuttings of rose (Rosa hybrida), environmental management such as air temperature, relative humidity, and light affect productivity. In order to investigate the effect of air temperature and relative humidity on the cutting success rate and rooted cuttings quality, a transparent airtight box was used to implement a closed system. We have also tried to find out the most effective photoperiod and the number of leaflets in closed system using artificial light (white LED, 104.0 µmol·m^-2·s^-1 photosynthetic photon flux density). The first experiment was conducted for a total of 6 weeks under 4 airtight period conditions. The number of roots and longest root length decreased as the airtight period increased. But there were no significant differences in the survival rate, shooting rate, and rooting rate according to airtight periods. In the second experiment the results indicated that survival and shooting rate were significantly affected by the photoperiod (0/24, 2/22, 4/20, 8/16, and 16/8 h), the number of leaflets (0, 2, and 4 leaflets) of the cuttings and their interaction. The survival rate was the highest in the 16-h day length and 4 leaflets. By considering survival rate and shooting rate with energy efficiency, the 8-h day length and 2 or 4 leaflets were judged to be the most effective.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 2023

This study was compared the soil environment and growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) treated with non-mulching (NM) and mulching polyethylene film (PEF) and two biodegradable films (BFI and BFII) commonly used in farmhouses. Visual observation confirmed the degradation of BFI and BFII films after 150 days after tansplanting (DAT). BFII increased light penetration into the films and reduced the weight maintenace after 180 DAT, with a high decompostion at 30 days after soil tilling. Soil moisture contents much fluctuated between -14 kP and - 0 kPa in NM plots, increasing the minimum soil temperature of BFI plots. Mulching treatments decreased soil organic matter contents but did not subtantially increase soil mineral nutrients, soil bulk density, and number of bacteria compared to those of NM plots. Onion root growth was increased by PEF and BFI treatments at an early growth stage, 60 DAT, with the most remarkable stem extension observed for PEF and BFI treatments after 150 DAT. PEF and BFI treatments increased the bulb's diameter, length, weight, and lodging at 180 DAT. BFI treatments exhibited a high portion of the "very large" category producing with 55.3 tons ha^-1 based on the classification into bulb size, followed by PE (49.3 tons), NM (9.4 tons), and BFII treatments (2.7 tons) at 230 DAT.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 1998

The total-bodies of 10 week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with single doses 4.5 and 7.5 Gy, respectively. The effects on plasma and sciatic nerve platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) concentrations and sciatic nerve PDGF ${\alpha}$ -and ${\beta}$ -receptors densities were examined up to 10 days post-treatment. There was no consistent significant variation in the plasma and sciatic nerve PDGF concentrations in time over the period of study between 4.5 and 7.5 Gy groups. Plasma PDGF concentrations were significantly reduced to 58% of control values between 5 and 10 days with 4.5 Gy and to 51% of control values as percentage of control values between 5 and 10 days with 7.5 Gy after irradiation, respectively(p<0.05). Sciatic nerve PDGF concentrations were increased to 118% of control values at 1 day with 4.5 Gy and to 130% of control values at 1 day with 7.5 Gy after irradiation, respectively(p>0.05). After irradiation, the levels of PDGF ${\alpha}$ -receptor protein density were reduced to 33% of control values at 2 days with 4.5 Gy and to 50% at 2 days with 7.5 Gy, while the levels of PDGF ${\beta}$-receptor protein density were reduced to maximally 26% of control values at 2 days with 4.5 Gy and to 27% at 2 days with 7.5 Gy, respectively, but both initial decreased levels of those were increased subsequently after 2 days following irradiation. These results suggest that the radiation-induced alteration of plasma and sciatic nerve PDGF concentrations, and sciatic nerve PDGF ${\alpha}$ -and ${\beta}$ -receptors densities may be involved in the pathogenesis of bone marrow stem cell and peripheral neuron damages.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 1989

To evaluate the effect of soil improvement on the chemical properties and corn silage yield, this experiment was carried out in the newly-reclaimed sloped land. Corn (Suwon 19) was cultivated under the six different treatments including integrated improvement plot at Songjeong loam, 20 percent slope, from 1985 to 1987 and various soil chemical properties and silage yield were investigated. pH of topsoil was above 5.0 except for control and phosphate plot, but lime and integrated improvement plots were above 5.0 in subsoil. The contents of organic matter of topsoil were above 2.0% except control and subsoiling plot. Except control, the range of cation exchange capacity was 7.4-7.8 me/100g in topsoil, 7.0-7.7 me/100g in subsoil. Soil bacteria density of root zone was the highest in integrated improvement than the other treatments, and it was higher at the harvesting stage than the heading stage. Mean density of microorganism was $61.3{\times}10^5$ in bacteria, $21.5{\times}10^4$ in fungi and actinomycetes was B/F ratio was 28.5 and B/A ratio was 2.9. Vertical root distribution of total and 10cm depth below was more in the integrated improvement and subsoi ling plot than the other plots. Total nitrogen (T-N) content was higher in integrated improvement plot, and phosphate content of leaves was higher in compost and integrated improvement plot, but stem and grain were not different. Potassium content of the plant was higher in integra ted improvement plot. Correlation between dry matter yield and T-N was more significant than the other elements. And the contents of phosphate, calcium and magnesium were significant at 5%, but potassium was not.