• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.297-306
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• 2022

Objectives: The incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is increasing in developing countries. This study aimed to decompose the socioeconomic inequality of CVD in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 20 519 adults who enrolled in the Ardabil Non-Communicable Disease cohort study. Principal component analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used, respectively, to estimate socioeconomic status and to describe the relationships between CVD prevalence and the explanatory variables. The relative concentration index, concentration curve, and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition model were used to measure and decompose the socioeconomic inequality. Results: The overall age-adjusted prevalence of CVD was 8.4% in northwest Iran. Multivariable logistic regression showed that older adults, overweight or obese adults, and people with hypertension and diabetes were more likely to have CVD. Moreover, people with low economic status were 38% more likely to have CVD than people with high economic status. The prevalence of CVD was mainly concentrated among the poor (concentration index, -0.077: 95% confidence interval, -0.103 to -0.060), and 78.66% of the gap between the poorest and richest groups was attributed to differences in the distribution of the explanatory variables included in the model. Conclusions: The most important factors affecting inequality in CVD were old age, chronic illness (hypertension and diabetes), marital status, and socioeconomic status. This study documented stark inequality in the prevalence of CVD, wherein the poor were more affected than the rich. Therefore, it is necessary to implement policies to monitor, screen, and control CVD in poor people living in northwest Iran.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Several previous studies have investigated whether regular walnut consumption positively changes heart-health-related parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of daily walnut intake on metabolic syndrome (MetS) status and other metabolic parameters among subjects with MetS. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was a two-arm, randomized, controlled crossover study with 16 weeks of each intervention (45 g of walnuts or iso-caloric white bread) with a 6 week washout period between interventions. Korean adults with MetS (n = 119) were randomly assigned to one of two sequences; 84 subjects completed the trial. At each clinic visit (at 0, 16, 22, and 38 weeks), MetS components, metabolic parameters including lipid profile, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), adiponectin, leptin, and apolipoprotein B, as well as anthropometric and bioimpedance data were obtained. RESULTS: Daily walnut consumption for 16 weeks improved MetS status, resulting in 28.6%-52.8% reversion rates for individual MetS components and 51.2% of participants with MetS at baseline reverted to a normal status after the walnut intervention. Significant improvements after walnut intake, compared to control intervention, in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.028), fasting glucose (P = 0.013), HbA1c (P = 0.021), and adiponectin (P = 0.019) were observed after adjustment for gender, age, body mass index, and sequence using a linear mixed model. CONCLUSION: A dietary supplement of 45 g of walnuts for 16 weeks favorably changed MetS status by increasing the concentration of HDL-C and decreasing fasting glucose level. Furthermore, consuming walnuts on a daily basis changed HbA1c and circulating adiponectin levels among the subjects with MetS. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03267901.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.145-151
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• 1996

The origin and present status of research and commercial production of Korean Ogol chicken are reviewed. The Yeonsan Ogol chicken was designated as a National Monument (No.265) at April 1, 1980. After that, researches have been done on the various aspects of Ogol chicken, i.e., external characteristics, growth and reproductive performance, chemical composition of egg and meat, and carcass characteristics. In addition, several genetic parameters of Ogol chicken have been estimated.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine household food insecurity and the associations of food insecurity with socioeconomic characteristics, food behaviors, health status and nutrient intake among elderly people in a rural area. This study included 191 elderly people (mean age = $72.0{\pm}7.4$) in Jeollabuk-do, Jangsu-gun. House food insecurity was measured using an adapted version of the USDA short form household food insecurity scale, and nutrient intake measured by a 24-hour dietary recall. Only 15.2% of the subjects were in food-insecure households, 84.8% of the elderly households were food-secure. The food-insecure households were significantly lower in the number of family, frequency of shopping, and perceived health status than the food-secure households. In addition, they had serious tooth problems and NSI (Nutrition Screening Index) scores. Food-insecure households were significantly lower in most areas of nutrient intake (energy, protein, fat, Ca, P, Fe, K, Na, Zn, Vit. $B_2$, niacin, Vit. E), and also lower in nutrient intake compared to dietary reference intake (energy, protein, P, Fe, K, Na, Vit. $B_1$, Vit. $B_2$, niacin, Vit. E). These results suggest that the household food insecurity measures used in this study were an important indicator of nutritional well-being among elderly persons in the rural area. Food insecurity should be considered an important issue to public health and food service programs should be expanded for food-insecure households in rural areas.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2012

1. Objectives : This research aimed to understand the effects of food consumption that fits to the constitution of subjects on health status by recognizing the constitutional food preference according to Sasang constitution. 2. Methods : The participants who are college students in D city were invited from Mar. 17, 2009 to Sep. 5 2010 for the research. More than two medical doctors who are specialized in Sasang constitution diagnosed the constitution of participants, and the participants were selected as subjects only if the diagnosis of the two doctors were agreed. Total 422 subjects (Taeumin: 175, Soeumin: 101, Soyangin: 144) were selected from the diagnosis, and the collected data was analyzed with computer software of SPSS 17.0. The frequency analysis was executed for the general characteristics of subjects, and the relationship of constitutional food preference and health status (SF-36) were analyzed with Pearson Correlation Coefficient. 3. Results : From the results about the distribution of constitutional food preference according to the constitutions, Soeumin showed the highest frequency for both of lower than 10 points (35.0 %), which stands for high preference of constitutional food, and higher than 40 points (1.9 %), which stands for low preference of constitutional food. And, they showed no correlation for the results about the relationship between health status and constitutional food preference based on 9 sub-categories of SF-36 including Physical Component Score (PCS), Mental Component Score (MCS). 4. Conclusions : In conclusion, the effects of food consumption that fits to the constitution of the twenties on their health status were understood by recognizing the constitutional food preference according to Sasang constitution. Comparing with the previous research results that constitutional food consumption can enhance their health status, there were no correlation between health status and constitutional food preference. The discrepancy of results can be addressed to difficulties of group selection, constitutional food categorization and lack of constitutional food-related questionnaires. Thus, it is required to conduct a follow-up studies that were made up for the mentioned shortcomings.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.493-502
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was conducted to measure the levels of Health status, perceived stress, self-esteem, and achievement motivation and assertive behavior of adolescents. The relationships among these variables as well as predictors of health status were examined. Method: The sample was composed of 496 students (male: 195. female: 301) from 3 high schools in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do regions. The instruments used in this study were as follows: health status scale developed by Noh (1991), perceived stress scale developed by Park(1996), self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg (1965), achievement motivation scale developed by Park(1986) and assertive behavior scale developed by Kim(1982). The reliability of the five instruments were examined using Chronbachs' a that ranged from, .63 to .90 in this study. The data were analyzed with the SAS program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan multiple comparison, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The mean score .of health status was 3.1, which was higher than the median of the instrument. 2. There were significant correlations of health status with self-esteem (r=.381. p=.0001), assertive behavior (r=.503. p=.0001), and perceived stress (r=-.352. p=.0001). 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that 34% of health status was affected by the level of assertive behavior (25%), self-esteem (7%), and perceived stress (2%). Conclusion: Based on these findings, assertive behavior and self-esteem appear to be specific important areas of future research as to better understand the health status of adolescents, and to develop health status-related interventions for them.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.348-356
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify correlations between the status of the umbilical cord and neonatal health status. Methods: In total, 172 newborns were enrolled who were admitted to the newborn nursery with a gestational age of 35 weeks or older and a body weight of 2 kg or above. Data were collected on the basic personal information of the newborns, the diameter and soft tissue status of the umbilical cord, and neonatal health status after birth. Analyses were performed using t-test, analysis of variance, χ² test, and Fisher exact test. Results: Umbilical cord diameter exhibited a statistically significant difference by sex (t=2.71, p=.007). A thin umbilical cord diameter was associated with a 1-minute Apgar score less than 8 points (t=2.47, p=.015) and with being transferred to the intensive care unit (t=2.45, p=.015). Poor soft tissue status of the umbilical cord was associated with a 1-minute Apgar score of less than 8 points (χ²=16.68, p<.001) and with oxygen being supplied (χ²=4.81, p=.028). Conclusion: Assessing the umbilical cord diameter and status in newborns is an important tool for evaluating neonatal health status after birth, and this point also underscores the importance of professionals' careful observations in the newborn nursery.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.6-12
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• 1998

An attempt has been made to summarize the research and development on the topic of assessing the status of composite Insulators used for outdoor power delivery. Advances made in the evaluation of the electrical performance are discussed. The findings are applicable to other composite insultaing systems, as well. Aspects that have been understood well enough to be of practical use, and those needing further research are outlined.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2005

Oriental medicine is one of the main branches of traditional medicine left in the world. It includes acupuncture, acupressure, moxibustion, herbology, and qigong, all of which are still commonly used and officially recognized in some Asian countries, including Taiwan. In this article, the current educational, health insurance, and research and development status of traditional medicine in Taiwan will be introduced. The specific focus of the article is on efforts to integrate these ancient medical practices into modern medical science in our country.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.1492-1494
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• 2004

In recent years, the photovoltaic(PV) industries have been increasing steadily above averaged $30\%$. Japan, USA and Europe have been playing a leading part in photovoltaic industry. In this paper, we review status of the global PV market and distribution around these countries. From the results, we will intend to supply the useful materials for domestic PV distribution.