• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.69-82
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• 2015

This Research is based on the theory of the prior researches that have demonstrated a positive impact of the entrepreneurship and competitive advantages on business performance. And the purpose of this research which approaches in the viewpoint of combining a entrepreneurial attribute including two factors(entrepreneurship and commercialization capabilities) and the differentiated competitive advantage as a role of core competence is to examine how the combined competence affects the business performance. In order to achieve this purpose, we conduct a survey for CEO of 250 small firms which belong to the start-up phase and are located in the 6 administrative region with the assistance of Small & Medium Business Administration representatives and analyze empirically the survey data by utilizing statistical program(Spss 18.0). As the results, we conclude that the entrepreneurial attributes of small firms' CEO and DFCA have a positive impact on business performance respectively and the entrepreneurship, one of the two entrepreneurial factors, has a positive impact on choosing DFCA. Also we report that DFCA plays a mediating role with regards to relationship between entrepreneurial attributes and business performance. Therefore, this research suggests the followings: First, the CEO of start-up business should focus on building a differential competitive advantage which is the basis for creating competitiveness from the initial point. Secondly, he should make a alignment for core competencies, in order to reach the stable growth phase in the shortest period, through which the entrepreneurial attributes is to be inherent as a discriminatory competitive competence. Third, he should promote to establish a business strategy based on strengthening of entrepreneurship and discriminatory competitive as a growth strategy during start-up phase.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.107-115
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• 1999

Hydrocarbon emission from spark ignition engines deeply relates with fuel evaporation mechanism. Therefore, fuel evaporation on the back of the intake valve is very important to understand fuel evaporation mechanism during engine warm up period. Intake valve heat transfer model was build up to estimate the amount of fuel evaporation on the intake valve back . Intake valve temperature was measured intake valve temperature is increased rapidly during few seconds right after engine start up and it takes an important role on fuel evaporation. The liquid fuel evaporation rate on the intake valve back proportionally increases as valve temperature increases, however its contribution slightly decreases as intake port wall temperature increases. The fuel evaporation rate on the valve back is about 40∼60% during engine warm-up period and it becomes about 20∼30% as intake port wall temperature increases. The estimation model also makes possible model also makes possible to review the effect of valve design parameters such as the valve mass and seat area on fuel evaporation rate through intake valve heat transfer.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.476-484
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• 2015

Purpose: This study intended to analyze the validity of clinical effectiveness data of clinical trials testing systemic titrated extract of Zea Mays L. unsaponifiable fraction chemotherapeutic agent. Material and Methods: Among 5 clinical trials claimed as proof of clinical effectiveness on the Web site of the manufacturer of this chemotherapeutic agent, a review of 4 clinical trials, written in either Korean or English, was conducted. Data were extracted from studies for the following variables: year of publication, age, sample size, follow-up period, combination with contemporary periodontal treatments, randomization, randomization check, blinded measurement, and statistical test type. Results: The study subjects' age intervals were too diverse to decide a common target population to generalize the findings. No study stated clearly the rationale for the sample size determination. Follow-up period to observe the start of clinical effectiveness was inconsistent and decided without any rationale of pathophysiological latent period. Randomization to make the comparisons on the same start line was performed but failed in a study. Randomization effect was not checked in 4 studies. Performance of blinded measurement of clinical outcomes to prevent bias was unclear in 2 studies. Type of statistical test was inappropriate in 3 studies. Conclusions: Based on the analysis of the validity of data on clinical and demographic variables, the four available clinical trials have not demonstrated compelling evidence of therapeutic effectiveness of systemic titrated extract of Zea Mays L. unsaponifiable fraction chemotherapeutic agent to improve prognosis of periodontal disease either with the contemporary periodontal treatment or without it.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.61-78
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• 2001

This study intends to provide the groundwork for an establishment of women entrepreneur policy and the guidelines for start-up of women-owned business. The findings of the study are as follows; Women starts business for a financial reasons and this makes up 26 percent, which ranked the highest of respondents motive for starting up a business. The double labor - due 새 the practice of housework and running a business simultaneously - forms 19.6 percent of the bottleneck in operating business. In addition, the worst financial strain, 43 percent, occurred during the business preparatory period. As the entrepreneurship is higher, they are more backed up with support in education and training. In addition, annual net profit of business operated by the older age group is relatively greater. The firm performance is greater as she holds a higher academic degree. As the goal of annual net profit is higher that is set up before the start-up, the net gain turns out to be greater in actual operation, thus resulting in greater effects. The study shows that when they received economic aid, the initial capital had been greatly affected The younger age group makes up the higher percentage of support in education and training. After considering all the findings collectively, the conclusions are as follows; First, the firm performance is affected by the entrepreneurship, schooling, age, and the goal of the female entrepreneur. Second, a support in education and economic does not have a direct effect on the firm performance. However, the study reveals that the entrepreneurship of those who received educational support is higher than that of those who did not. Third, the in-depth interview reveals the facts that how they had been brought up and how the role of the family had a significant effect on their management of business.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

Analysis of future business or investment opportunities, such as business feasibility analysis and company or technology valuation, necessitate objective estimation on the relevant market and expected sales. While there are various ways to classify the estimation methods of these new sales or market size, they can be broadly divided into top-down and bottom-up approaches by benchmark references. Both methods, however, require a lot of resources and time. Therefore, we propose a data-based intelligent demand forecasting system to support evaluation of new business. This study focuses on analogical forecasting, one of the traditional quantitative forecasting methods, to develop sales forecasting intelligence systems for new businesses. Instead of simply estimating sales for a few years, we hereby propose a method of estimating the sales of new businesses by using the initial sales and the sales growth rate of similar companies. To demonstrate the appropriateness of this method, it is examined whether the sales performance of recently established companies in the same industry category in Korea can be utilized as a reference variable for the analogical forecasting. In this study, we examined whether the phenomenon of "mean reversion" was observed in the sales of start-up companies in order to identify errors in estimating sales of new businesses based on industry sales growth rate and whether the differences in business environment resulting from the different timing of business launch affects growth rate. We also conducted analyses of variance (ANOVA) and latent growth model (LGM) to identify differences in sales growth rates by industry category. Based on the results, we proposed industry-specific range and linear forecasting models. This study analyzed the sales of only 150,000 start-up companies in Korea in the last 10 years, and identified that the average growth rate of start-ups in Korea is higher than the industry average in the first few years, but it shortly shows the phenomenon of mean-reversion. In addition, although the start-up founding juncture affects the sales growth rate, it is not high significantly and the sales growth rate can be different according to the industry classification. Utilizing both this phenomenon and the performance of start-up companies in relevant industries, we have proposed two models of new business sales based on the sales growth rate. The method proposed in this study makes it possible to objectively and quickly estimate the sales of new business by industry, and it is expected to provide reference information to judge whether sales estimated by other methods (top-down/bottom-up approach) pass the bounds from ordinary cases in relevant industry. In particular, the results of this study can be practically used as useful reference information for business feasibility analysis or technical valuation for entering new business. When using the existing top-down method, it can be used to set the range of market size or market share. As well, when using the bottom-up method, the estimation period may be set in accordance of the mean reverting period information for the growth rate. The two models proposed in this study will enable rapid and objective sales estimation of new businesses, and are expected to improve the efficiency of business feasibility analysis and technology valuation process by developing intelligent information system. In academic perspectives, it is a very important discovery that the phenomenon of 'mean reversion' is found among start-up companies out of general small-and-medium enterprises (SMEs) as well as stable companies such as listed companies. In particular, there exists the significance of this study in that over the large-scale data the mean reverting phenomenon of the start-up firms' sales growth rate is different from that of the listed companies, and that there is a difference in each industry. If a linear model, which is useful for estimating the sales of a specific company, is highly likely to be utilized in practical aspects, it can be explained that the range model, which can be used for the estimation method of the sales of the unspecified firms, is highly likely to be used in political aspects. It implies that when analyzing the business activities and performance of a specific industry group or enterprise group there is political usability in that the range model enables to provide references and compare them by data based start-up sales forecasting system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.8
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• pp.109-122
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• 2016

This study is to explore the ways to increase the export performance of start-up companies, as opportunities are rising along with more companies entering the global market. Thus the study analyzed the factors affecting export performance of the start-up company by mainly looking at the international marketing capabilities of enterprises type of marketing strategy and internal environmental capabilities. The following were derived as factors for marketing 4P strategy: innovation of product, flexibility of export price, differentiation of distribution channels, diversity of promotional activities, and positive-ness of promotion. For internal capabilities of enterprises, innovation of CEO, initiative of CEO, risk susceptibility of CEO, information power of export market, and information power of competitor were derived as factors. Two types of performances were considered for export performance, financial and non-financial. Among innovation of product and risk susceptibility of CEO the non-financial performance of export performance, and only differentiation of distribution channels of marketing 4p strategy the financial performance. It showed that since performance was different depending on the entrepreneurship of the CEO, only innovative products differentiated from small and medium enterprises. risk susceptibility of CEO increased export outlook by corporate acknowledgment and image, creation of potential customers, and financial performance affected only differentiation in distribution channel rather than entrepreneurial spirit, information power, or organizational flexibility because of short business career and insufficient period enough to gain trust. Therefore, start-up companies need to improve their non-financial export performance by increasing innovation of product and risk susceptibility of the CEO. The companies need to widen the differentiation of distribution channels in the financial export performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

In this study, we investigate the announcement effects of M&As with a start-up as a target firm on shareholder wealth of an acquiring firm. We use M&A events in KOSPI or KOSDAQ market between 2002 and 2014 after the financial crisis. Among the total 1436 mergers and acquisitions that took place domestically during this period, 1383 cases were selected as cases to be studied, excluding 53 cases where acquiring firms were unlisted firms. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, as a result of a comparison between the acquiring firms' CARs of the whole sample group(n=1383) occurred during the (-2, +1), (-5, +2), (-10, +5) periods of M&A announcement date(t=0) and the sub-sample group(n=468) where the target firms are start-ups which were established within five years, the acquiring firms of the whole sample group do not show significat CARs, while the acquiring firms of the sub-sample group show the significantly positive CARs. This suggests that M&A with start-ups have a positive effect on firm value of acquiring firms. Second, when merging unlisted start-ups, the acquiring firms show positive CARs, showing that there exists a listing effect in the merger of start-up. Third, merging the start-ups belonging to the high-tech industry shows the higher CARs than the case of merging the start-ups belonging to the non-high-tech industry. This study has great significance as the first in Korea to investigate the effect of M&A announcement with a start-up.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2001

In order to satisfy the ULEV emissions regulation, fast light-off of a catalyst is essential for reduction of HC and CO emissions during the cold start. Cranking Exhaust Gas Ignition(CEGI) method developed in this study showed that the catalyst reaches the light-off temperature in a few seconds. The CEGI stops the ignition signal for a few seconds during the cranking period, so the unburned fuel-air mixture bypasses the combustion chamber and flows through the exhaust manifold. When the unburned mixture reaches two glow plugs installed upstream of the catalyst, it burns and releases the thermal energy to heat up the catalyst, In the FTP-75 vehicle tests, the CEGI showed that the exhaust emissions reduced by 47.7% for THC and by 88.6% for CO in the cold-transient phase of the test.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.353-360
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• 2023

This paper explores notable shifts in the restaurant startup market following the lifting of social distancing measures. Key trends identified include an escalated interest in startups, a heightened focus on the quality and diversity of food, a relative decline in the importance of delivery services, and a growing interest in specific industry sectors. The study's data collection spanned three years, from April 2021 to May 2023, encompassing the period before and after social distancing. Data were sourced from a range of online platforms, including blogs, news sites, cafes, web documents, and intellectual forums, provided by Naver, Daum, and Google. From this collected data, the top 50 words were identified through a refinement process. The analysis was structured around the social distancing application period, comparing data from April 2021 to April 2022 with data from May 2022 to May 2023. These observed trend changes provide founders with valuable insights to seize new market opportunities and formulate effective startup strategies. In summary, We offer crucial insights for founders, enabling them to comprehend the evolving dynamics in food service startups and to adapt their strategies to the current market environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2015

A cluster tool used in many kinds of semiconductor processes for improving the performance and the quality of wafers has a simple configuration, but its schedule is not easy because of its parallel processing module, a lack of intermediate buffers, and time constraints. While there have been many studies on its schedule, most of them have focused on full cycles in which identical work cycles are repeated under constant task times. In this research, we suggest strategies of start-up transient scheduling which satisfies time constraints and converges into a desirable steady schedule for full work cycle. The proposed schedules are expected robust under the stationary stochastic task times. Finally, we show that the strategies make schedules enters the desirable steady schedule and robust using the simulation.