• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.438-451
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• 1990

Pneumatic total artificial heart[TAH] has been clinically applied for the purpose of permanent or temporary use followed by cardiac transplantation in the patients with end stage heart diseases. In spite of the good durability of the pneumatic TAH, thrombus formation, bleeding and infection resulted in death. The Tomasu heart, which is a type of pneumatic TAH, was used in this study. This model is a modified Jarvik heart and consists of atrial cuffs, outflow vascular grafts and thin-layer seamless diaphragm type of ventricles. Cardiac outputs of the left artificial heart were measured by Donovan`s mock circulation under variable conditions of driving parameters, and an experimental artificial heart implantation was performed in 4 calves to observe the changes of hemodynamic parameters in early postoperative period and hematologic and bio-chemical changes in a long-term survival case. In the mock circulation test, cardiac output of the heart was increased with the increase of the left atrial pressure and left driving pressure. Maximum cardiac output was obtained at the heart rate of 120 to 130/min and percent systole of 40 to 45Zo under the condition of a constant left driving pressure of 180mmHg and left atrial pressure of 10mmHg. During the first 24 hours of TAH pumping, driving pressure ranged from 178$\pm$5mmHg to 187$\pm$8mmHg for the left heart and from 58$\pm$6mmHg to 78$\pm$28mmHg for the right heart. The Mean arterial pressure significantly increased between 2 and 8 hours after the start of pumping. The survival time ranged from 27 hours to 46 days. The causes of death were respiratory failure in 2 cases, mechanical valve failure in one, and left ventricular outflow obstruction due to thrombus in a 46-day survival case. This study demonstrated that Tomasu artificial heart operated effectively during the first 24 hours of artificial heart pumping, but thrombus formation around the valve holding area was the main problem in long-term survival case.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.236-242
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• 2014

Fabrication of reaction-bonded $Al_2O_3$ (RBAO) ceramics using Al-Zn-Mg alloy powder was studied in order to improve traditional RBAO ceramic processing using Al powder. The influence on reaction-bonding and microstructure, as well as on physical and mechanical properties, of the particulate characteristics of the $Al_2O_3$-Al alloy powder mixtures after milling, was revealed. Variation of the particulate characteristics of this $Al_2O_3$-Al alloy powder mixture with milling time was reported previously. To start, the $Al_2O_3$-Al alloy powder mixture was milled, reaction-bonded, post-sintered, and characterized. During reaction-bonding of the $Al_2O_3$-Al alloy powder mixture compacts, oxidation of the Al alloy took place in two stages, that is, there was solid- and liquid-state oxidation of the Al alloy. The solid-state oxidation exhibited strong dependence on the density of surface defects on the Al-alloy particles formed during milling. Higher milling efficiency resulted in less participation of the Al alloy in reaction-bonding. This was because of its consumption by chemical reactions during milling, and subsequent powder handling, and could be rather harmful in the case of over-milling. In contrast to very little dependence of oxidation of the Al alloy on its particle size after milling, the relative density, microstructure, and flexural strength were strongly dependent on particle size after milling (i.e., on milling efficiency). The relative density and 4-point flexural strength of the RBAO ceramics in this study were ~98% and ~365 MPa, respectively, after post-sintering at $1,600^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2015

Purpose At recently, we enter into the aging society and a age-related disease is increasing. Among that, prevalence of degenerative brain disease like Parkin's disease will be increased. So, many radiopharmaceuticals is developed to diagnosis early and to evaluate the performance of therapeutic drugs. Especially $^{18}F-DOPA$ which involved at dopamine synthesis and function of storage is widely used to the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease as well as brain tumors. in the study, we will evaluate the distribution pattern of $^{18}F-DOPA$ at the striatum by using dynamic study. Materials and Methods We used Biograph Truepoint(Siemens, Germany) as PET/CT scanner, injected a $^{18}F-DOPA$ ($600{\pm}30MBq$) to patient (4men, 6women. $67{\pm}11age$) who visited our hospital from June to September, started 95min dynamic study at same time. after finishing acquisition, we reconstructed PET data with 19 frame every 5 minutes, analysed a average counts at ROI's where set at both striatums, anterior putamen, posterior putamen Results Counts in the cerebellum as the background formed a plateau after 90 minutes from the highest out rapidly reduced to 15 minutes. Counts of anterior putamen and posterior gradually increased but formed a plateau after 60min. A count ratio of Striatum to cerebellum was continuously increased up to more than 95 minutes, A count ratios of an anterior putamen to posterior one formed a plateau after 85 minutes. Conclusion The dynamic acquisition can be possible to evaluate a distribution of the $^{18}F-DOPA$ in the striatum and the VOI analysis through a dynamic acquisition and a variety of patterns. Futhermore, to make a uniformed distribution and count ratio of striatum to cerebellum, a static acquisition will have to start 90minutes later after injection.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.99-115
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• 2008

International exchange gets active in nations with the increase of Internet use and heading toward digital age. Thus the communication conveying image of nations effectively plays an important role in an international society. Sports events are regarded as important international exchange events and good opportunities for public relations of one's own country and taken as tools of planting good images in other nations. This study surveyed the concept and history of uniform through the documents and previous studies in order to find the aesthetic characteristics of sportswear uniform applying the image of national ensign and investigates the origin and start time in Korea of selected 6 sports items. As a result of finding the expression way of ensign image and drawing the aesthetic characteristics by analyzing the use and variation of ensign colors, the use of colors other than ensign and reflection of ensign form in collected 60 sports uniforms, this study could draw the symbolical beauty, beauty of variation and beauty of brevity. First, symbolical beauty is the aesthetic characteristics expressing uniforms by using the pattern ensign symbolizes and ensign colors themselves or enlarging a part of ensign. Second, beauty of variation is the aesthetic characteristics creating geometrical new patterns in uniform through the distortion and exaggeration of ensign shape, or transforming the colors themselves of ensign. Third, beauty of brevity is the aesthetic characteristics using other colors only as decorative factor while applying the main colors of ensign to the most part of uniform, or unifying the uniforms with only one color of ensign. As a result of survey, the proportion of the symbolical beauty was highest in summer season and beauty of brevity and beauty of variation followed and the proportion of beauty of variation was highest and the symbolical beauty and beauty of brevity followed after that in winter season. This study found the way of expressing image of one's own country in sports uniform through this article, expecting the exact recognition on sports uniform and the diversity of sports uniform design in which the images of the nation are expressed more variously.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.471-480
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• 2008

The deaf can not recognize useful sound informations such as alarm, doorbell, siren, car horn, and phone ring etc., because they have the hearing impairment. To solve this problems, portable hearing assistive devices which have suitable environment sound recognition methods are needed. In this paper, the DTW algorithm for sound recognition system with new active slope weighting constraint method was proposed. The environment sound recognition methods consist of three processes. First process is extraction of start point and end point using frequency and amplitude of sound. Second process is extraction of features and third process is classification of features for given segments. As a result of the experiment, the recognition rate of the proposed method is over 90%. And, the recognition rate of the proposed method increased about 20% than the conventional algorithm. Therefore if there are developed portable assistive devices which use developed method to recognize environment sound for hearing-impaired persons, they could be more convenient in life.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.677-687
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• 2001

The critical path has been widely applied to many areas of computer engineering especially a directed acyclic graph. Its concept can also be useful in the context of a workflow. The workflow critical path is defined as a path which has the longest average execution time from the start activity to the end activity of workflow. Because there can be several concurrently executed workflow instances for a specific workflow a new method to determine the critical path should be developed. In this paper we specify our workflow queuing network model from which we can easily analyze many workflow characteristics. Based on this workflow model. we propose a method to identify the critical path In addition, we show come workflow areas which can utilze the critical path.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.137-142
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• 2008

Ignition characteristics of combustion chamber with LOx lead cyclogram for liquid rocket engine were described. The combustion chamber has chamber pressure of 60 bar, propellant mass flow rate of 89 kg/s, and nozzle expansion of 12. Cold flow test to determine the filling time of propellant for cyclogram with LOx lead supply, ignition test to check the ability to ignite starting fuel from the ignitor, low pressure combustion test to check the propagation of flame into main fuel-oxidizer mixture from starting fuel and the main combustion stage, and design point combustion test to check the combustion performance were performed. Ignition and combustion tests with LOx lead supply were successfully performed and the stable cyclogram of start sequence for combustion chamber was developed.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 2021

This study aims to report a case of oculomotor nerve palsy with mydriasis improved by Sa-Am acupuncture (大腸正格). The patient visited our clinic due to Right oculomotor nerve palsy with symptoms such as periocular pain, diplopia, vertigo, ptosis, eye adduction disorder, and mydriasis on November 11th, 2019. For the treatment, Sa-Am acupuncture (大腸正格) which used to give a significant effect on eye diseases and headaches and to remove toxins from the body was performed every time the patient visited the clinic. About a month after the treatment, ptosis disappeared, and eye adduction disorder also changed from -2 to 2 points, showing a significant improvement. Subjective symptoms such as vertigo, diplopia, and eye pain also significantly decreased from 13 to 4 points. At the second month of treatment, the eye adduction disorder improved to a normal level, and subjective ocular discomforts disappeared. The pupil size decreased from 5 mm to 2.5 mm. After 3-4 months from the start of treatment, most of the symptoms including the light reflex returned to normal. After a total of 32 acupunctures treatment, subjective symptoms such as periocular pain, diplopia and vertigo, as well as ptosis and eye adduction disorder disappeared, and the pupil size, including the light reflex, also improved to the normal level.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.143-171
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• 2017

This study aims to examine experiences of homeless risk factor before becoming the homeless focusing during their childhood period. This study underscore their victimization experience in their previous life with life history interviews of 60 homeless adults. As a result, this study identified various individual homeless risk factors they experienced for a long time. Also the risk factors were interactive, amplified and affect becoming homeless in the end. Moreover the results proved different characteristics between the group according how often they experienced homeless risk factors. These results show that the individual factors emerging homeless also start early stages of their life and those were invincible misfortune and victimization. These findings suggest that the government policy and proactive intervention in order to prevent homeless in the early stage need to be established and have more concerns about high risk youth.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.30
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• pp.73-95
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper look at the basis of the cultural differences of Korea and Japan by comparing the view about the death. Firstly, in terms of language to express the death, Korea can be summarized 'doragada (go back) Japan can be summarized sayonara(goodbye). Koreans' view about the death is that life and death are not separated and death is the start of another life not the end of existence through 'doragada' Japanese accept death as the order of the universe and the order of nature with resignation. At this time resignation means that Japanese accept the sad feeling to sublimate aesthetically while mourning the death Secondly The view about the death of Sunbee in the Joseon era and Japanese Samurai who were the traditional ideal figures is compared. The Sunbee dies from a justification and the Samurai die from the honor on the other hand. Unconditionally, the sunbee was not loyal to an individual but they thought significantly of the fidelity about the joint value. Unlike this, Japanese Samurai laid stress on the loyalty toward their lord and sacrifice. They selected the death conclusively when this fidelity was suspected. Thirdly the view about the death of Korea and Japan is summarized to the aesthetics of the survival and the aesthetics of the death. Korean saw the death negatively and regard exceedingly the extension of life, they preceded to survive in all kinds of difficulties. On the contrary, Japanese see it positively. They beautified the death and sublimated with the aesthetics. they pursue the nature of the life through the death. Finally, the basic difference of the korean and Japanese culture originate from the view about the death that is, the difference of the values about the life and death.