• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2017

Purpose: Nurse's second victim experiences could influence organizational negative work-related outcome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the casual relationship between nurses' second victim experience and third victim experience and multiple mediation effects of second victim supports. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-report survey (the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool) was conducted with 305 nurses working in a general hospital. Data were collected from October 20 to November 25, 2016 and analyzed using SPSS Win version 23.0. Results: The nurses' perceived second victim experience was $3.24{\pm}0.61$ and the third victim experience was $3.12{\pm}0.92$. Nurses' second victim experience was found to have a direct effect on increasing third victim experience and indirect effect of colleague support as mediator (p<.05). However, institutional support and supervisor support had not a partial and indirect effect on third victim experience. Conclusion:This study is one of the first to connect second victim experience to third victim experience in South Korea. This study broadens the understanding of the negative effects of a second victim experience influence third victim experience. When involvement in patient safety events, the important role of colleague support in limiting nurse's third victim experience have been acknowledged. This study reinforces the efforts health care leaders are making to develop interventional programs to colleague support their staff as they recover from adverse event involvement.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.44-56
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• 2024

Purpose : This study sought to explore intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' perceptions regarding the disclosure of patient safety incidents (DPSI) and identify the relationship between the perception of DPSI and communication barriers. Methods : This study used a descriptive research design. A total of 110 ICU nurses from a tertiary hospital were surveyed online between September 14 and October 5, 2022. The mean DPSI score ranged between 1.0 and 4.0, with a higher score indicating a higher perception of DPSI. Results : The mean score for ICU nurses' perceptions of DPSI was 2.92 (SD=0.37). Among the characteristics of ICU nurses, differences were observed in perceptions of DPSI according to gender, age, total work experience, and ICU work experience. Communication barriers among ICU nurses were negatively correlated with negative results as a sub-factor of perceptions of DPSI. Ambiguity in the nurse's position, lack of confidence, differences in perspectives with patients, and inadequate nurse-patient relationships as sub-factors of communication barriers exhibited a negative correlation with negative results as a sub-factor of perceptions of DPSI. Conclusions : ICU nurses' perceptions of DPSI and the sub-factors related to communication barriers are negatively related to DPSI. To improve ICU nurses' perceptions, open and non-punitive circumstances, staff education, practical guidelines, and support systems are required.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.513-524
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• 1999

The shortage of nursing personnel was become one of the most serious problems in operating pediatric oncology nursing unit which was the first pediatric oncology nursing unit in Korea. The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal number of nursing personnel by calculating nursing care hours. The subjects were 13 staff nurses and inpatients of pediatric oncology nursing unit at Seoul National University Hospital during the period of May 20, 1996, to June 2, 1996. The number of nurses' duty was 132, the number of patients treated was 1288 for these 2 weeks. The tools used for this study were pediatric patient classification indexes and direct & indirect care indexes. Each nurse measured the time that they spent for their activities by self record under the supervision of their nurse manager. The method used to calculate the number of nursing personnel was multiplication of the average number of nursing care hours per patient per day with the number of patients. Percentage, average, t-test, F-test were used for data analysis. The results of this study were as follows : 1) The distribution of patient class : Class I & II none, Class III 86.8%. Class IV 12.9% 2) Direct nursing care hours for a patient per shift according to patient classification: Class III : 27.64 minutes, Class IV : 54.64 minutes The average direct nursing service hours for a patient per shift(3 shift) was 31.54 minutes(94.62 m/day). The average indirect nursing service hours for each patient per duty(3 shift) is 21.3 minutes (63. 91 m/day). 3) The average nursing hours for a patient per duty was 52.80 minutes(2.64h/day). 4) The group of administering medications in direct care activities showed the highest percentage (38.9%). Checking vital signs among observation took the most time am.ong each direct care activity (6.88 minutes for a patient per duty). 5) Charting took the most time of each indirect care activity(52.53 minutes/ duty/nurse). 6) The average personal time per duty is 29.40 minutes, which 'was below 30 minutes of this hospital regulations. 7) The average nursing hours that a nurse provided for a duty was 8.60 hours, which meant that a nurse worked 1.10 hours overtime. 8) Standardizing to a 33 bed to a unit, 17 nurses were needed at the present nursing level.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.58-71
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to contribute the improvement of nursing staff development by implementing of effective and organized orientation program using the measure of effectiveness in the application of preceptor program with the reduction of the time of New entry nurse orientation. The subjects were comprised of 116 new entry nurses(59 new entry nurses were employed at June, 1996 and 57 at May & July, 1997) and 79 preceptors, who were in charge of new entry nurse orientation at 1997. These date were collected from June 18, 1996 to August 29, 1997. The characteristics of questionairs applied in this study were general characteristics(7 questions), knowledge of nursing care(138 questions); attitude toward her profession(40 questions) and the degree of satisfaction for the program(5 questions). The questionnairs were developed by the researchers of Asan Medical Center. The Check-list for basic nursing skill were used for the measurement of nursing skill which was developed by nursing department of AMC. The data were analyzed for the mean, standard deviation, difference of mean, ANOV A & t-test. The results of this study are as follows : 1) The changes in knowledge of nursing care : After three months of training the difference of mean between before and after the orientation was higher than the result of two month period training. However, the result was insignificant(p= .469). 2) Performance in nursing practice : Two month period orientation was more effective than three-month training period, however, the statistical significance can not be reached than 3 month period, which resulted in insignificant difference(p=.150). 3) The change in attitude toward her profession : After three-month of orientation, the difference of mean between before and after the orientation was higher than 2 month period orientation, which resulted in significant difference (p=.000). 4) The degree of satisfaction for the program with the time of new entry nurse orientation : After two-month of orientation, the mean of points was 2.57 where the score is higher than 3 month period with mean of 2.30. It resulted in significant difference(p=.000).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.123-136
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to confirm the classification of nursing activity and to analyze the time of nursing workload in a new open hospital. The data were collected from 20 nurses working in 6 general nursing units by 4 trained observers. The tools used for this study were an observation recording sheet and a classification sheet of nursing activity. The classification sheet was constructed to be adaptable to each hospital system based on the instrument described in the literature. The results of the study are as follows : The direct nursing activities consisted of 6 sections, 33 subsections and the indirect nursing activities consisted of 14 sections, 53 subsections. The direct nursing activities included medication, measuring and observation, care of therapies, care of physical comfort, laboratory and treatment. The indirect nursing activities included preparation of medical utensils, collection of information and assessment, recording, phone communication, professional interaction related to patients, personal time, assigning work to staff, patient eaucation and training, interaction with lab, transfer of administration of utensils, checking physician's order, dietary service, management of pollution and contagion, guide direction. Nurses spent 127.6min for direct nursing activity during day duty. It was 24.5% of total nursing activity. Within that activity medication had the highest percentage of time(40.09%), followed by communication and education with patient(24.76%), measuring and observation (16.93%), laboratory and treatment (12.85%), care of therapies(3.21%) and care of physical comfort (2.16%). The time breakdown for indirect nursing activities is as follows ; the preparation of medical utensils 22.3%, collection of information and assessment 20.29%, recording 20.27%, phone communication 8.14%, professional interaction related to patients 7.33%, personal time 7.24%, with the remaining timeshared by staffing, patient education and training, interaction with lab, transfer of administration of utensils, checking physician's order, dietary service, management of pollution and contagion, guide direction. In the analysis of the relationships between the working time and the work allocation characters of the nurses(including nurse's experiences. nurse-patients ratio, nurse-rooms ratio, and character of nursing unit) ; There were no significant differences in direct-indirect nursing times between nurse's career years. There was significant difference in direct nursing time between assigned patient numbers. The nurses assigned larger number of patients spent significantly more time in direct nursing care than that of the smaller. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in indirect nursing workload between the assigned patient numbers. There were no significant differences in direct-indirect nursing time between an allocated patient's room numbers. There was significant difference in working time between working places. The nurse in the medical unit spent more time in direct nursing care than her counterpart in the surgical unit. However there was no difference in direct nursing time between two groups. The study results indicate that nurses spent less time in the direct nursing care than in the previous studies even though the hospital system has been modernized. On the other hand they spent much more time for the coordinating role within the interdisciplinary team and for the overlapping paperwork. Therefore it is recommended that patient oriented job description and more efficient usage of modernized utilities be made.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 1996

A syudy on hospital architecture was as a circulation effective work as most amount and function at the view of nurse, staff until now. The architect do not have a data about planning patient-centered hospital, do not reflect a demand of patient at the planning step. This study arrange what is concept of patient-centered, recently concept of patient-centered hospital is importantly raised, at centering around a ward that a life of patient is the most influenced. This study make clear character of patient-centered hospital at home, the problem and demand of patient through the P.O.E.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2007

Purpose: This study focuses on doctors' role expectation and patients satisfaction with the referral centers to get necessary basic Method: There were 495 subjects in this study. 245 of them were doctors working in the 397 clinics and hospitals which have made contracts with the referral center in Y General Hospital located in J city, and 250 were patients who had been treated in it. The data were collected from Sep. 25 to Oct. 21, in 2006. Data analysis was processed with SPSS/WIN 14.0 electronically. Results: Concluding cooperative treaties with other clinics and hospitals, doctors expect the following effects: First, the improvement of the treatment quality of patients. The patients satisfaction ranking order for using referral centers is as follows: kindness of the staff, treatment reservation, doctor's satisfying explanation. providing one-stop service, reduction of waiting time for treatment, evasion of repetitive tests. Conclusion: Referral centers should provide various services totally and actively which reflect the role expectation and satisfaction of doctors and patients altogether.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the empowerment structural model based on Kanter's work empowerment theory. Method: A predictive, nonexperimental design was used in a sample of 279 nurses from 3 university affiliated hospitals. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis. Results: The results showed that the overall fitness of the hypothethical model to the data was good(chi-square=.7751, df=4, p=.942, GFI=.999, AGFI=.996, RMSEA=.000). Both formal power and informal power directly influenced on nurses' perceived empowerment level and empowerment directly influenced on nurses' organizational commitment and indirectly influenced on nurses' intent to stay. Conclusion: The results imply that hospital and nurse managers should provide the empowering working condition for nurses to be stayed in hospitals.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.127-138
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of organizational health and patient safety culture on nursing activities for patient safety as perceived by hospital nurses. Methods: A self-report survey was administered to staff nurses of one advanced general hospital and two general hospitals in South Korea. Of the questionnaires, 188 were analyzed. Results: Organizational health had a significantly positive correlation with patient safety culture (r=.52, p<.001) and patient safety nursing activities (r=.31, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings in this study indicate that among the factors influencing patient safety nursing activities, organizational factors were more important than individual factors, and organizational health had a big effect on patient safety nursing activities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 1985

The study was carried out to measure the degree of work stress among clinical nurses, and to identify factors influencing the work stress. Data was collected from 215 staff nurses working in the Seoul National University Hospital from the end of February to first of march, 1984. The results and suggestion of study were: 1. Nurses perception of work stress. 1) Mean score of total work stress of nurses was 4.467, when maximum score was 6. High degree of work stress is evident among nurses. 2) The highest rank of stress factor was inter-personal relationship with physicians, night duty, heavy work load, inadequate working condition and payment were other stress factors. 2. Relationships between situational variables and degree of stress. There was significant correlation-ship between nurse's total work stress score and educational levels (r=0.153, p=0.032).