• 천문학회지
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• 제29권spc1호
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• pp.231-232
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• 1996

The local instabilities of accretion disks were extensively studied, with the considerations of radial advection, thermal diffusion and different disk geometry, dominated pressure and optical depth. Two inertial-acoustic modes in a geometrically thin, radiative cooling dominated disk depart from each other if very little advection is included. A geometrically slim, advection-dominated disk is found to be always stable if it is optically thin. However, if it is optically thick, the thermal diffusion has no effect on the stable viscous mode but has a significant contribution to enhance the thermal instability.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 인공지능 에이전트인 ChatGPT와 Stable Diffusion을 활용하여 교사가 입력한 수업 주제어에 따라 교수·학습용 그림 자료를 추천하는 프로그램을 구현하여 교육적 활용에 대한 가능성을 탐색하였다. 구현한 프로그램은 키워드 당 30가지 내외의 그림 자료를 추천하였으며 부적절한 그림이 생성되는 경우에는 필터링 되었다. 전체 그림자료 추천에 소요된 시간은 평균 6분 내외이다. 대체로 키워드와 관련된 그림을 추천해 주었으며 추천한 그림 속의 글자는 글자를 나타내려는 의도만 알 수 있고 글자를 인식하고 뜻을 알 수는 없었다. 그러나, 추천되는 그림의 종류나 내용이 ChatGPT의 응답에 전적으로 의존하고 있다는 점과 모든 키워드에 대한 그림을 정확하게 추천할 수 있는지 알 수 없는 점은 추가적인 연구가 필요해 보인다. 또한, 추천된 그림이 키워드와 관련된 것은 사실이나 교육적인 가치를 가지고 있는가에 대한 평가는 인간 교사의 판단에 맡겨야 할 논의의 대상이라고 결론지었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2009

This paper treats the conditions for the existence and stability properties of stationary solutions of a predator-prey interaction with self and cross-diffusion. We show that at a certain critical value a diffusion driven instability occurs, i.e. the stationary solution stays stable with respect to the kinetic system (the system without diffusion) but becomes unstable with respect to the system with diffusion and that Turing instability takes place. We note that the cross-diffusion increase or decrease a Turing space (the space which the emergence of spatial patterns is holding) compared to the Turing space with self-diffusion, i.e. the cross-diffusion response is an important factor that should not be ignored when pattern emerges.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2012

Nonlinear dynamics of pulsating instability in radiating counterflow diffusion flames is numerically investigated by imposing Damk$\ddot{o}$hler number perturbation. Stable limit-cycle solutions occur in small ranges of Damk$\ddot{o}$hler numbers past bifurcation point of instability. Period doubling cascade and chaotic behaviors appear just before dynamic extinction occurs. Nonlinear dynamics is also studied when large disturbances are imposed to flames. For weak steady flames, the dynamic extinction range shrinks as the magnitudes of disturbances are increased. However, strong steady flames can overcome relatively large disturbances, thereby the dynamic extinction range extending. Stable limit-cycle behaviors reappears prior to dynamic extinction when the steady flames are strong enough.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.509-518
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• 1995

A study for the flame stability and the combustion characteristics of coaxial diffusion flame was conducted. The fuel employed was natural gas. The experimental variables were rim thickness of fuel tube, blockage ratio of the outer diameter of fuel tube to the inner diameter of air tube, and momentum ratio of fuel to air. It was consequently found that the stability in the neighborhood of the fuel rim depended on the rim thickness, especially in the case of above 3 mm, and that the stable region of the flame extended remarkably due to the formation of recirculation zone above rim. The effect of the blockage ratio on the flame stability was found to be minor in the case of above 3 mm of rim thickness. Between the momentum ratio 2 and 3, the stable flame zone was widely established as well good combustion. With increasing the fuel-air momentum ratio, axial velocity, turbulence intensity, and Reynolds stress increased.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2002년도 제25회 KOSCI SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.149-155
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• 2002

A promising new approach to achieve low pollutants emission and improvement of flame stabilities is tested experimentally using a hybrid cyclone jet combustor employing both premixed and diffusion combustion mode, Three kind of nozzles are used for LNG(Liquified Natural Gas) as a fuel. The combustor is operated by two method, One is ATI(Air Tangential Injection) mode, generated swirl flow by air as general swirl combustor, and the other is PTI(Premixed gas Tangential Injection) mode, The PTI mode consists of diffusion flame of axial direction and premixed cyclone flame of tangential direction in order to stabilized the diffusion flame. The results showed that the stable region of the PTI mode is more larger than the ATI mode. In addition, the reduction of NOx emission in PTI mode, as compared with that for the ATI mode is at least 50% in stable region. Also, even using the low calorific fuel as $CO_2$-blended gas, the cyclone jet combustor has high performance of flame stability.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.140-149
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• 2006

Characteristics of a laminar diffusion flame placed near wall in microgravity have been numerically analyzed in a two-dimension. The fuel for the flame is $C_2H_4$. The flame is initiated by imposing a high temperature ignition source. The flow field, temperature field, and flame shape in microgravity diffusion flame are detailed. Especially, effects of surrounding air velocity and fuel injection velocity on the microgravity diffusion flame have been discussed accounting for standoff distance. And, the effect of curvature rate has been also studied. The results showed that velocities in a diffusion flame were overshoot because of volumetric expansion and distribution of temperature showed regularity by free-buoyancy This means that the diffusion flame in microgravity is very stable, while the flame in normal gravity is not regular and unstable due to buoyancy. Standoff distance decreases with increase in surrounding air velocity and with decrease in fuel injection velocity. With increasing curvature rate, the position of reaction rate moves away the wall.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Normal aging causes changes in the brain volume, connection, function and cognition. The brain changes with increases in age and difference of gender varies at all levels. Studies about normal brain aging using various brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables such as gray and white matter structural imaging, proton spectroscopy, apparent diffusion coefficient, diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI are reviewed. Total volume of brain increases after birth but decreases after 9 years old. During adulthood, total volume of brain is relatively stable. After 35 years old, brain shrinks gradually. The changes of gray and white matters by aging show different features. N-acetylaspartate decreases or remains unchanged but choline, creatine and myo-inositol increase with aging. Apparent diffusion coefficient decreases till 20 years old and then becomes stable during adulthood and increase after 60 years old. Diffusion tensor properties in white matter tissue are variable during aging. Resting-state functional connectivity decreases after middle age. Structural and functional brain changes with normal aging are important for studying various psychiatric diseases such as dementia, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Our review may be helpful for studying longitudinal changes of these diseases and successful aging.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.1255-1262
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• 2012

A type of delayed Lotka-Volterra competition reaction-diffusion system is considered. By constructing a new Lyapunov function, we prove that the unique positive steady-state solution is globally asymptotically stable when interspecies competition is weaker than intraspecies competition. Moreover, we show that the stability property does not depend on the diffusion coefficients and time delays.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2003년도 The Fifth Asian Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference
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• pp.255-256
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• 2003

Simulations of atmospheric diffusion process under stable and unstable conditions were carried out using both numerical and experimental methods. Results from the previous study show that numerical simulation using 3-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and density deviation are in good agreement with typical plume pattern. In this study, we use experimental data of temperature and wind profile obtained from a thermally stratified wind tunnel as initial conditions for numerical simulation and compare the results.