• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2005

We fabricated the Au/Ni template for YBCO coated conductors and evaluated texture formation and the microstructural evolution. The cube textured Ni substrate was fabricated by rolling and recrystallization annealing, and subsequently Au layer formed on the substrate by electroless-plating method. The texture was evaluated by pole-figure with x-ray goniometer with orientation distribution function (ODF) analysis. The surface roughness and grain boundary morphology of template were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) We observed that Au layer deposited epitaxially on Ni substrate and formed a strong cube texture when plating time was optimized. The full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) was $8.4^{\circ}$ for out-of-plane and $9.98^{\circ}$ for in-plane texture for plating time of 30 min. Microstructural observation showed that the Au layer was homogeneous and dense without formation of crack/microcrack. In addition, we observed that root-mean-square (RMS) and depth of grain boundary were 14.6 nm and 160 $\AA$ for the Au layer, respectively, while those were 27.0 nm and 800 $\AA$ for the Ni substrate, indicating that the electoless-plated Au layer had relatively smooth surface and effectively mollified grain groove.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.374-378
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• 1994

Square planar nickel(II) complexes with various 1-alkyl derivatives of the 14-membered pentaaza macrocycle 8-methyl-8-nitro-1,3,6,10,13-pentaazacyclotetradecane can be readily prepared by two-step metal template condensation reactions of ethylenediamine, nitroethane, formaldehyde, and appropriate primary alkylamines. In coordinating solvents the nickel (II) complexes form octahedral species containing two axially coordinated solvent molecules and thus show square planar-octahedral equilibrium. The properties of the pentaaza macrocyclic complexes are considerably different from those of the complexes of analogous hexaaza and tetraaza macrocyclic complexes. Synthesis, characterization, and spectroscopic and chemical properties of the new complexes are described.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.2125-2130
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• 2013

A new nickel(II) complex $[NiL^1]^{2+}$ ($L^1$ = 1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-(N-{2-aminoethyl}aminomethyl-1,3-diazacyclohexane) containing one 1,3-diazacyclohexane ring has been prepared selectively by the metal-template condensation of formaldehyde with N-(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine and ethylenediamine at room temperature. The complex reacts with nitroethane and formaldehyde to yield the pentaaza macrocyclic complex $[NiL^2]^{2+}$ ($L^2$ = 8-methyl-8-nitro-1,3,6,10,13-pentaazabicyclo[13.3.1]heptadecane) bearing one C-$NO_2$ pendant arm. The reduction of $[NiL^2]^{2+}$ by using Zn/HCl produces $[NiL^3(H_2O)]^{2+}$ ($L^3$ = 8-amino-8-methyl-1,3,6,10,13-pentaazabicyclo[13.3.1]heptadecane) bearing one coordinated C-$NH_2$ pendant arm that is readily protonated in acid solutions. The hexaaza macrocyclic complex $[NiL^4]^{2+}$ ($L^4$ = 8-phenylmethyl-8-nitro-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexaazabicyclo[13.3.1]heptadecane) bearing one N-$CH_2C_6H_5$ pendant arm has also been prepared by the reaction of $[NiL^1]^{2+}$ with benzylamine and formaldehyde. The nickel(II) complexes of $L^1$, $L^2$, and $L^4$ have square-planar coordination geometry in the solid states and in nitromethane. However, they exist as equilibrium mixtures of the square-planar $[NiL]^{2+}$ (L = $L^1$, $L^2$, or $L^4$) and octahedral $[NiL(S)_2]^{2+}$ species in various coordinating solvents (S); the proportion of the octahedral species $[NiL(S)_2]^{2+}$ is strongly influenced by the ligand structure and the nature of the solvent. Synthesis, spectra, and chemical properties of the nickel(II) complexes of $L^1-L^4$ are described.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.838-846
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• 2004

In the case where both a camera and a target are moving at the same time, the image background is successively changed, and the overlap with other moving objects is apt to be generated. The snake algorithms have been variously used in tracking the object, but it is difficult to be applied in the excessive overlap with other objects and the large bias between the snake and the target. To solve this problem, this paper presents an extended snake model. It includes an additional energy function which considers the temporal variation rate of the snake's area and a SSD algorithm which generates the template adaptive to the snake detected in the previous frame. The new energy function prevents the snake from over-shrinking or stretching and the SSD algorithm with adaptively changing template allows the prediction of the target's position in the next frame. The experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm successfully tracks the target even when the target is temporarily occluded by other objects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2011

Assuming that the Capability Maturity Model Integration for Development v1.2 (CMMI) could be applied to an organization more effectively if the content similarities among practices were improved in terms of structure and composition, this paper presents the analysis of the correlations between the CMMI Specific Practices (SP) and Generic Practices (GP) for the Maturity Level 2 and 3 Process Areas using the Chi-square independence test. According to the analysis, a 22.2% correlation was observed. To minimize the problem of repeatedly applying similarities, 6 GPs that are highly correlated with the SPs were grouped together. Then, three different improvement plans: 1) development of a standard template-based project plan, 2) establishment of a configuration management system based on open source software to control work products and leverage experience, and 3) establishment of project assurance through an independent quality assurance-based organization and intensive review by higher-level management - were defined.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.837-838
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• 2006

This paper proposes a method of assembling parts using visual servoing in dynamic environment. We use SSD(Sum of Square Difference) based on adaptive template in order to detect a moving object in the case where the robot and the object both move. And the control input of the robot is obtained from the feed-back signal of the feature movement and the feed-forward signal of the camera movement in image plane.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.612-613
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• 2010

The common image processing method treat the image as the array of pixels, and every pixel with its eight neighbors who directly around it form a square neighbor domain, sometimes may be more than that such as $5{\times}5$, or $7{\times}7$, and then adopt the convolution and template for every possible pixel value and then divide a attenuation factor, restrict the result in the area between 0 and 255, while the original and processed value record respectively. During the whole procedure, the result sole exist and represent the processing without changing the original pixel.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.431-434
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• 1990

Template condensation reaction of diethylenetriamine, ethylenediamine, methylamine, and formaldehyde in the presence of Ni(II) or Cu(II) ion yields new saturated hexaaza macrobicyclic complexes $[Ni(C)]^{2+}\;and\;[Cu(C)]^{2+}$, where C is 8-methyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexaazabicyclo[11,2,1]hexad ecane. The macrobicyclic complexes contain one 1,3-diazacyclopentane ring and one methyl pendant arm in the ligand C and have square planar geometry with 5-6-5-6 chelate ring sequence. Synthesis, characterization, and the properties of the macrobicyclic complexes are described.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.331-334
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• 1996

New copper(Ⅱ) complex of the pentaaza non-macrocyclic ligand 1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-(N-{2-aminoethyl}aminomethyl)-1,3-diazacyclohexane (2) and a dinuclear copper(Ⅱ) compex of the bis(macrocyclic) ligand 3, in which two 1,5,8,10,12,15-hexaazabicyclo[11.3.11.5]heptadecane subunits are linked together by an ethylene chain through the uncoordinated nitrogen (N10) atoms, have been prepared selectively by the reaction of the metal ion, 1,4,8-triazaoctane, ethylenediamine, and formaldehyde. The dinuclear complex [Cu2(3)]4+ has been also prepared by the reaction of [Cu(2)]2+ with ethylenediamine and formaldehyde. The reaction products largely depend on the molar ratio of the reactants employed. The mononuclear complex or each macrocyclic subunit of the dinuclear complex contains one 1,3-diazacyclohexane ring and has a square-planar geometry with a 5-6-5 or 5-6-5-6 chelate ring sequence. In acidic solution, the copper(Ⅱ) complex of 2 dissociates more slowly than those of other related non-cyclic polyamines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.135-136
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• 2012

Carbon atoms near the surface of W(110) induce reconstructions such as $R(15{\times}12)$ -C/W(110) which consists of two characteristic parts, one square shaped and bright protrusion and two smaller ones. In the atomic resolution STM image, the bigger protrusion shows the periodicities of clean W(110), indicating that it is almost carbon poor region. The smaller protrusion contains hexagonal carbide surface layer of ${\alpha}$-W2C on W(110). Employing this carburized W(110) as templates, we grow Co and Fe clusters of less than ten atoms. Due to the selectivity of bonding sites, growth of larger cluster is highly unfavorable for Co and the size of clusters is very uniform. Since Co atoms prefer to sit on the bigger protrusion rather than smaller one, Co cluster can be arranged one-dimensionally in $R(15{\times}12)$-C/W(110) with quite uniform size distribution. However, Fe clusters sit on both sites without favored site, but still with uniform size distribution. On the other hand, Fe clusters can be grown with quasi one-dimensional order in $R(15{\times}3)$-C/W(110), which consists of only smaller protrusions. We investigate the magnetic properties of the ordered nano-sized clusters. Experiments using XMCD reveals little magnetic moment of Co cluster on $R(15{\times}12)$-C/W(110). This observation is consistent with the predictions of our first principles calculations that small Co clusters can be nonmagnetic or antiferromagnetic with low mean magnetic moment per atom.