• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.478-484
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• 1991

As a work on the preparation of spread type product using chungkook-jang, proximate composition and enzyme activity of chungkook-jang were analyzed and extrusion capillary viscometer was made. The effects of moisture content, oil type and content and temperature on the rheological properties of chungkook-jang spread were investigated. As the moisture content of chungkook-jang spread increased from 55% to 65%, apparent viscosity $({\eta}a)$ decreased and spreadibility and L value in Hunter color system increased. On the contrary, as the added oil content of chungkook-jang spread increased from 10% to 30%, rla increased and spreadibility and L value decreased. Specially, in case of palm olefin addition, the rla of chungkook-jang spread was more high than that of soybean oil addition. As the temperature of chungkook-jang spread increased, rla decreased and spreadibility increased. In the same conditions, the ${\eta}a$ of chungkook-jang spread increased in order of B. natto, B. natto and B. subtilis mixture and B. subtilis fermentation.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.239-248
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• 2019

This research presents an improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of composite board (com-ply) made of Oriented Strand Board (OSB) coated with wood veneer of Pine (Pinus merkusii), Avocado (Persea Americana) and Mahogany (Swietenia mahogany). 1.5 mm thick veneers of those three wood types were adhered to the surface of OSB using two adhesive types: epoxy and isocyanate. The adhesive with the glue spread of $250g\;m^{-2}$ applied using single glue line was spread and then cold pressed with the pressure of $15kg\;cm^{-2}$ for 3 hours. The research result showed an improving dimension stability of com-ply, but not found on all parameters of physical property test. The moisture content seemed to be influenced by the com-ply type, yet not related to its thickness swelling, water absorption and linear expansion. The exception took place in the parallel linear expansion when immersed for 2 hours. The highest to the lowest increases of MOE and MOR were consecutively found on OSB coated with wood veneer of Pine, Mahogany and Avocado. However, the increases were statistically insignificant. The highest increasing screw hold power was found at the com-ply type AE (avocado veneer and epoxy adhesive) that was by 28%.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.544-548
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• 2007

In general, final width of hot strip should be accomplished in this stage because width reduction of strip hardly appears during typical finishing mill. However, it is difficult to control the width of strip in the roughing mill process as the horizontal rolling of strip is subsequently performed after the vertical rolling. It is therefore important to obtain the deformation rolling direction on strip width to minimize the width spread of strip during horizontal rolling after vertical rolling. Generally there is Sizing press type and Edger-roll type. The width reduction process in sizing press has small amount of width spread compared with the edger. However, productivity by the sizing press process is much lower than those of the edger. In this study, sizing press and Edger-roll process parameters in a sheet rolling mill were set at specified values and the effect of the change in these parameters on product quality and process performance were evaluated.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.107-118
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• 2002

Two-page spread sheet advertising appearing on monthly women's magazine were selected and analyzed for this study. All 299 advertisements were sampled from 5 kinds of women's magazines published from January to June in 2002. The results shows that; 1) all elements of layout in advertisements are significantly related to product life cycle; 2) Similarity of layout type proposed to differentiate layout from competitor's advertisements; 3) Realistic picture of products using high technological equipments and skill occupied most of ad space. It proposed the possibility of varied illustration type; finally, Using foreign models both imported products and domestic products are increased. It shows that the level of westernized insight of current consumer.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.33-43
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• 2022

Purpose: More and more marketers use social media platforms to create and spread information called Marketer Generated Content (MGC) to inform consumers of products. MGC often embeds product purchase links, thus directing consumers to online distribution channels for online purchases. This study examined the effect of social media MGC on consumers' willingness to buy online in the anchor of consumers' perspective to answer the question of "how social media generated content support corporate online distribution". Research design, data, and methodology: According to the means-end-chain theory, we introduce perceived value and continuous following intention as chain mediators to explain the mechanism of MGC influence on consumers' online purchase intention and consider product type to discuss boundary conditions. Two experiments were designed to test hypothesizes. Results and Conclusion: First, emotional MGC (vs. informational MGC) has lower (higher) perceived utility (hedonic) value. Second, perceived value has a significant mediate role in the effect of MGC on continuous following intention. Third, perceived value and continuous following intention significantly and sequentially mediated the effect of MGC on online purchase intention. Through the sequential mediations of perceived utility value and continuous following intention, Informational MGC of search products significantly increase online purchase intentions. Another parallel sequential mediation, including perceived hedonic, emotional MGC of experience products, partially enhanced online purchase intentions. Finally, this study gives implications for how corporates can use social media MGC to promote product sales online.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.259-270
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• 2008

The convenience and flexibility due to the spread of Internet allowed consumers to easily participate in marketing activity. Consumers want to participate in designing, manufacturing, delivering of products and service by expressing their opinions to the companies because they want to buy customized goods where their requirements are incorporated. We can expect that, through this interactive process of customization between consumers and companies, strong relationship quality may be built as a result of the interaction. The main purpose of this study is to examine the influence of consumer perception of customization on relationship quality in the e-business context. To accomplish this purpose, I reviewed the concept of customization, identified the perceptive factors of customization in e-business context (i.e., perception of participation level, assessment of flexibility), and examined the type of customization. Whether customization type generates varying degrees of perception of customization and relationship quality is revealed. As a result, collaborative product/service customization generated the highest relationship quality. Assembled product customization that was built based only on predicted consumer needs without any interaction between consumer and company showed a low level of relationship quality. And this type had no significant difference from standardized products. In short, there is a strong need for e-business companies to interact with consumers to improve relationship quality.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.301-305
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• 1986

Fatty acid composition of domestic margarines (summer 12, winter 12 kinds) and foreign margarines (U.S.A. 4, Japan 8, Denmark 2 kinds) for home use were determined. The major fatty acids were palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) in all of the margarines. P/S ratios of winter products were $0.40{\sim}l.74$, those of summer products were $0.21{\sim}l.82$ in domestic margarines. Therefore degree of polyunsaturate in winter product was higher than that in summer product. P/S ratios of foreign margarines were $0.82{\sim}2.91$ irrespective of type.P/Sratios of stick and soft type in foreign margarines were similar as $0.82{\sim}2.59,\;0.90{\sim}2.67$, respectively Those of PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid) type and LFS (low fat spread) were 2.91, 2.70, respectively.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

The emergence of the Internet has provided a new outlet for consumers who experience service failure from products and services, augmenting the traditional options of entry, voice and action. Consumers' negative word of mouth through online (word-of-mouse or eWOM) far exceeds traditional word of mouth (WOM) in respect of its potential effectiveness, speed and spread. This paper tries to figure out the service failure themes in the health care industry by analyzing online word-of-mouse using the critical incidents technique (CIT). Complaint themes in the area of healthcare are identified and analyzed. The results identify that major complaint theme differed according to the site type. Also, the findings indicate that delivery and customer services are critical issues when consumer makes negative WOM.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2018

Bamboo culm comprises internodes and nodes and is tapered from the bottom to the top. Anatomically, bamboo culm comprises vascular bundles and parenchymal base tissue. The gross anatomical structure of a transverse section of any culm internode is determined by the shape, size, arrangement, and number of vascular bundles. The purpose of this research was to examine the morphology of culm and the distribution and shape of vascular bundles in Ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris). Bamboo culms were harvested from the base. Test samples were obtained from a central 2-cm long segment of each internode across the entire length of the culm. Results showed an uneven spread of vascular bundles in the internode cross-section. Transitioning from the outer to the inner layer of the internode, the number of vascular bundles per unit area decreased and their shape was variable. The size of vascular bundles in the middle layer of the internode was greater than that of those in the outer and inner layers. The shape of vascular bundles was circular in the outer layer, which gradually transformed into vertical oval toward the middle layer and horizontal oval toward the inner layer. Vascular bundles were of type III and IV in the bottom of the culm and type III in the middle to the top of the culm.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.26-35
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• 2016

Sprinkler installations shall be operated at normal operating temperature of the atmosphere as a fire sprinkler head in any facility to control and extinguish the fire when the fire initially. Recently, however, some flush type quick response automatic sprinkler heads in slow fire place is a problem that can not be normal operation are raised. In this paper, by using the experimental model of the Apartment house of Commons and Cabinet burner size bedrooms fire conditions to form a slow growth rate and can supply more than 0.2 MPa pressure is the minimum pressure that can be applied inside the pipe in the field experiment was conducted. In the majority of experiments lush type quick response automatic sprinkler heads which is used in the country it was confirmed to be incompletely opened as the Cold Soldering occur. This phenomenon is likely to fail early fire suppression and control because they can cause the spread of fire and casualties needed to complement domestic product testing and type approval standards through additional research.