• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.297-302
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• 1995

Video-assisted thoracic surgery [VATS is emerging as a viable alternatives to thoracotomy when surgical treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax is required.Apical blebs and bullaes of the lung can be resected,and pleural abrasion can be accomplished with minimal postoperative pain and a shorter postoperative stay in hospital. We compared our results with thoracoscopic management of spontaneous pneumothorax in 20 patients [group I with a group of 32 patients previously subjected to lateral limited thoracotomy [group II . Indications for operation, sex distribution, and average age [groupI, 24.7 years ; group II, 34.4 years were comparable. Operation time [112.42 54.7 min versus 124.8 35.3 min ; P 0.03 and chest tube duration [64.4 52.3 hours versus 97.7 45.4 hours ; P 0.01 were less in group I. Postoperative hospital stay was less in group I[3.84 0.99 days;P 0.01 , as was the use of parenteral narcotics after 48 hours. [5/20=25% versus25/32=78% . Pain was quantitated by verbal rating scale in postoperative 1 to 3 days. Patients undergoing VATS experienced significantly less postoperative pain. Postoperative complication was less in group I[1/20=5% versus 3/32=8.3% . In conclusion, Video-assisted thoracoscopic management of spontaneous pneumothrax allows performance of the standard surgical procedure while avoiding the thoracotomy incision.Video-assisted thoracic surgery [VATS is safe and offers the potential benefits of shorter postoperative hospital stays and less pain with cosmetic benefits.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.58-70
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• 2018

Purpose: To provide accurate information on induced labor and find strategies to enhance women's childbirth satisfaction. Methods: Participants were pregnant women expected to have normal vaginal delivery. A total of 113 women with induced labor and 61 women with spontaneous labor were surveyed. Data were collected using a questionnaire and electronic medical records. Results: The following variables related to labor progress showed significant differences between the induced labor group and the spontaneous labor group: length of the first stage of labor in primigravidas, use of analgesic, incidence of uterine hyperstimulation, incidence of fetal distress, and medical treatment for the expectant mother. Delivery type and the incidence of postpartum complications showed significant difference between the two groups. Induced labor women's childbirth satisfaction was mainly affected by the process of labor whereas spontaneous labor women's childbirth satisfaction was affected by the outcome of childbirth. Conclusion: Medical staff should have accurate information on the risk of induced labor and the benefits of a natural delivery. Moreover, medical staff should provide necessary information and environment for women to participate in the decision-making process.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.31-37
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• 2021

The fundamental frequency, or f0, is an important acoustic measure in the prosody of human speech. The current study examined the f0 distribution of a corpus of spontaneous speech in order to provide normative data for Korean speakers. The corpus consists of 40 speakers talking freely about their daily activities and their personal views. Praat scripts were created to collect f0 values, and a majority of obvious errors were corrected manually by watching and listening to the f0 contour on a narrow-band spectrogram. Statistical analyses of the f0 distribution were conducted using R. The results showed that the f0 values of all the Korean speakers were right-skewed, with a pointy distribution. The speakers produced spontaneous speech within a frequency range of 274 Hz (from 65 Hz to 339 Hz), excluding statistical outliers. The mode of the total f0 data was 102 Hz. The female f0 range, with a bimodal distribution, appeared wider than that of the male group. Regression analyses based on age and f0 values yielded negligible R-squared values. As the mode of an individual speaker could be predicted from the median, either the median or mode could serve as a good reference for the individual f0 range. Finally, an analysis of the continuous f0 points of intonational phrases revealed that the initial and final segments of the phrases yielded several f0 measurement errors. From these results, we conclude that an examination of a spontaneous speech corpus can provide linguists with useful measures to generalize acoustic properties of f0 variability in a language by an individual or groups. Further studies would be desirable of the use of statistical measures to secure reliable f0 values of individual speakers.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.607-613
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• 2020

Objective : Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage is a life-threatening disease, and non-lesional spontaneous intraparenchymal hemorrhage (nIPH) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) are the leading causes of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. Only a few studies have assessed the association between prior physical activity or triggering events and the occurrence of nIPH or aSAH. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of specific physical activities and triggering events in the occurrence of nIPH and aSAH. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 824 consecutive patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage between January 2010 and December 2018. Among the 824 patients, 132 patients were excluded due to insufficient clinical data and other etiologies of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. The medical records of 692 patients were reviewed, and the following parameters were assessed : age, sex, history of hypertension, smoking, history of stroke, use of antiplatelet or anticoagulation agents, season and time of onset, physical activities performed according to the metabolic equivalents, and triggering event at onset. Events that suddenly raised the blood pressure such as sudden postural changes, defecation or urination, sexual intercourse, unexpected emotional stress, sauna bath, and medical examination were defined as triggering events. These clinical data were compared between the nIPH and aSAH groups. Results : Both nIPH and aSAH most commonly occurred during non-strenuous physical activity, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.524). Thirty-two patients (6.6%) in the nIPH group and 39 patients (8.1%) in the aSAH group experienced triggering events at onset, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.034). The most common triggering events were defecation or urination in both groups. Conclusion : Specific physical activity dose no affect the incidence of nIPH and aSAH. The relationship between the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage and triggering events is higher in aSAH than nIPH.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.377-387
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• 2020

This study is a retrospective and descriptive research to identify the factors affecting development of spontaneous abortion in women of childbearing age. The subjects totaled 198 females aged 20~45 who had experienced childbirth or spontaneous abortion at least once, and data was collected for one month since July 2019 through self-reporting questionnaires. The results showed that the factors affecting development of spontaneous abortion were use of panty liners (daily: reference, 1~2 times a week: B=-1.74, no: B=-0.77) and antimicrobials (often or a lot: reference, small or normal: B=-0.71, no: B=0.79), occupational groups (inoccupation: reference, service industry employee: B=0.73, white collar: B=1.22, professional: B=0.63, manager: B=1.54), and exposure-risk behavior toward endocrine-disrupting chemicals (B=0.81) during pregnancy, and their explanatory power for development of spontaneous abortion was 24.4% (R²=.24). As a result, it is necessary to prevent endocrine-disrupting chemicals exposure and pay attention to the occupational environment during pregnancy in order to reduce the development of spontaneous abortion.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.277-280
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• 1998

Antiphospholipid antibody is an immunoglobulin which may be of any class and which reacts with any phospholipid. For clinical use the definition of the term anti-phospholipid antibody is usually restricted to IgG and/or IgM antibody directed against the negatively charged phopholipids, cardiolipin, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl serine, or phosphatidic acid. The antigen of the serological test for syphilis is cardiolipin; negatively charged phopholipids are understood to be antigens to which lupus anticoagulants are directed. The term 'anticardiolipin' antibody syndrome, 'antiphospholipid' antibody syndrome, and 'lupus anticoagulant' syndrome are often, imprecisely, used interchangeably. We have experienced a case of recurrent spontaneous abortion with antiphospholipid antibody. So we report this case with a brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.49-52
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• 2020

Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is commonly treated with chest tube insertion, which requires hospitalization. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy, costs, and benefits of a portable small-bore chest tube (Thoracic Egg; Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) compared with a conventional chest tube. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all primary spontaneous pneumothorax patients who underwent treatment at Gangnam Severance Hospital between August 2014 and May 2018. Results: A total of 279 patients were divided into 2 groups: the conventional group (n=236) and the Thoracic Egg group (n=43). Of the 236 patients in the conventional group, 100 were excluded because they underwent surgery during the study period. The efficacy and cost were compared between the 2 groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding recurrence (conventional group, 36 patients [26.5%]; Thoracic Egg group, 15 patients [29.4%]; p=0.287). However, the Egg group had statistically significantly lower mean medical expenses than the conventional group (433,413 Korean won and 522,146 Korean won, respectively; p<0.001). Conclusion: Although portable small-bore chest tubes may not be significantly more efficacious than conventional chest tubes, their use is significantly less expensive. We believe that the Thoracic Egg catheter could be a less costly alternative to conventional chest tube insertion.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2009

This study was carried out through the investigation of Oriental and Western medical literature and we was discovered these conclusions about the etiology, treatment, prescription of habitual abortion. The result of this study were as follows : 1. The habitual abortion does agree with 'Hwaltae(滑胎)' and means that spontaneous abortion repeats three times or more. 2. The etiology of habitual abortion is divided 'Deficiency of kidney'(腎虛), 'Deficiency of vital energy and blood'(氣血虛弱), 'Deficiency of yin'(陰虛), 'Clotted blood'(瘀血). 3. By means of cause, the treatment of habitual abortion was mainly made use of 'Tonifying kidney and promoting spleen'(補腎健脾), 'Invigorating vital energy and nourishing blood'(補氣補血), 'Supplementing yin fluid and alleviating fever'(滋陰淸熱), 'Resuscitating blood and removing clotted blood'(活血祛瘀). 4. By means of cause, the prescription of habitual abortion was frequent made use of Bosingochunghwan(補腎固沖丸), Bosingotae$\breve{u}$m(補腎固胎飮), Taesanbans$\breve{o}$ksan(泰山磐石散), $Ch\breve{o}ng\breve{u}mboinghwan$(千金保孕丸), Agyotang(阿膠湯), Gungguibojungtang(芎歸補中湯), Taewon$\breve{u}$m(胎元飮), Gotaej$\breve{o}$n(固胎煎), Baekchulj$\breve{o}$n(白朮煎), Sas$\breve{o}$ngsan(四聖散), Gyegibokryonghwan(桂枝茯苓丸), $Dangguich\breve{o}ng\breve{u}mtang$(當歸千金湯). 5. The Western medical etiology of habitual abortion(recurrent spontaneous early pregnancy loss) is divided Genetic factor(Chromosome aberration), Anatomical deformity, Endocrinologic disorder, Infection, Immunologic factor, Unknown factor(Others).

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.470-473
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• 2018

Although breast implants have been in clinical use for almost 6 decades and have undergone considerable development during this time, implant rupture is still a dreaded long-term complication. Some obvious external factors, such as trauma, can lead to implant rupture, but many studies have reported a high rate of "spontaneous" implant rupture. Herein, we present two cases with the aim of raising awareness of a new possible cause of "spontaneous" implant rupture: mechanical irritation by bony protrusions.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.291-300
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• 2001

This study investigated the effects of shared writing strategies within a whole language approach on children's writing behaviors and abilities. The subjects were thirty-six 5-to 6-year-old kindergarten children, 18 each in the experimental and control groups. The results indicated a significant increase in frequency of spontaneous writing, quantity of writing, and quality of writing in the experimental group compared with the control group. The educational implications for kindergarten teachers are that teachers need to integrate shared writing strategies into teacher-initiated activities and use various strategies of whole language to improve literacy learning for children.