• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1988

In the course of the immunological studies on the natural products, the antibody specific to saikosaponin a was producted. Saikosaponin a was treated with succinic anhydride to give 6'-O-hemisuccinyl saikosaponin a, which was successively converted to saikosaponin a-BSA conjugate (4. 5 mole saikosaponin a/mole of BSA) by carbodiimide method. The antibody obtained from rabbits immunized with saikosaponin a-BSA conjugate as usual manner reacted with both the conjugate and BSA, while after the absorption with BSA, the antibody reacted with the conjugate alone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.889-900
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was; to investigate consumers'selection criteria for their trade area when purchasing apparel products; to study whether there is a difference on the importance of the selection criteria; to examine consumers'willingness to visit specific trade area according to the types of apparel products. Four hundred sixty-nine female consumers who lived in the two new towns, Bundang and Ilsan participated in the study by completing questionnaires. Data were analyzed using factor analyses, t-tests, paired t-teats and chi-square analyses. The results indicated that consumer selected trade area based on shop variety within trade areas and range of products, customer services, environment of trade area, price level, entertaining features of the trade area, and the convenience of location and shopping time. In addition, the importance of these criteria varied according to the types of apparel products(i.e. formal wears and casual wears). The types of apparel products had influence on consumers'willingness to visit specific trade area. Consumers preferred the trade areas in the new towns for purchasing formal wears, whereas they frequented the trade areas in Seoul for purchasing casual wears.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.227-230
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• 2006

The $St{\ddot{o}}ckigt$ sizing test of the most-commonly used sizing tests is easily influenced by the individual testers' bias in recognizing red coloration. Therefore the test had to be modified to improve its reliability and reproducibility by automated recognition of a coloration procedure during testing. In order to achieve this, all measured variables occurring during the $St{\ddot{o}}ckigt$ test was first be analyzed and then reflected in the new automatic system. Secondly, the most important principle applied was to transform the RGB values of the droplet image to hue (H), saturation (S) and value (V) respectively. This is because RGB cannot be used as a color standard, owing to RGB's peculiarity of being seriously affected by the observer's point of view. Therefore, the droplet color had to be separated into three distinct factors, namely the HSV values, in order to allow linear analysis of the droplet color. When the average values of the vectors calculated during color variation from yellow to brown were plotted against time, it was possible to determine the vector value of hue, the most sensitive factor among HSV, at the specific time by differentiation of a function when it exceeds the critical point. Then, the specific time consumed up to the critical point was regarded as the $St{\ddot{o}}ckigt$ sizing degree. The conventional method took more time to recognize an ending point of coloration than the automatic method, and in addition the error ranges of the conventional sizing degrees on the specific addition points of AKD were wider than those of the automatic method.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.39-62
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• 2020

Purpose - Korean exports account for a vast proportion of Korean GDP, and large volumes of Korean products are sold in the United States. Identifying and characterizing actual and potential product hazards related to Korean products is critical to safeguard Korean export trade, as severe quality issues can impair Korea's reputation and reduce global consumer confidence in Korean products. In this study, we develop country-of-origin-based product risk analysis methods for social media with a specific focus on Korean-labeled products, for the purpose of safeguarding Korean export trade. Design/methodology - We employed two social media datasets containing consumer-generated product reviews. Sentiment analysis is a popular text mining technique used to quantify the type and amount of emotion that is expressed in the text. It is a useful tool for gathering customer opinions regarding products. Findings - We document and discuss the specific potential risks found in Korean-labeled products and explain their implications for safeguarding Korean export trade. Finally, we analyze the false positive matches that arise from the established dictionaries that were used for risk discovery and utilize these classification errors to suggest opportunities for the future refinement of the associated automated text analytic methods. Originality/value - Various studies have used online feedback from social media to analyze product defects. However, none of them links their findings to trade promotion and the protection of a specific country's exports. Therefore, it is important to fill this research gap, which could help to safeguard export trade in Korea.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.172-174
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• 2005

Recent anti-cancer approaches have been based to target tumor-specifically associated and/or causative molecules such as RNAs or proteins. As this specifically targeted anti-cancer modulator, we have previously described a novel human cancer gene therapeutic agent that is Tetrahymena group I intron-based trans-splicing ribozyme which can reprogram and replace human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) RNA to selectively induce tumor-specific cytotoxicity in cancer cells expressing the target RNA. Moreover, the specific ribozyme has been shown to efficiently retard tumor tissues in xenograft mice which had been inoculated with hTERT-expressing human cancer cells. In this study, we assessed specificity of trans-splicing reaction in cells to evaluate the therapeutic feasibility of the specific ribozyme. In order to analyze the trans-spliced products by the specific ribozyme in hTERT-positive cells, RT, 5'-end RACE-PCR, and sequencing reactions of the spliced RNAs were employed. Then, whole analyzed products resulted from reactions only with the hTERT RNA. This study suggested that the developed ribozyme perform highly specific RNA replacement of the target RNA in cells, hence trans-splicing ribozyme will be one of specific agents for genetic approach to revert cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.180-180
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• 2023

To improve global risk management, understanding the characteristics and distribution of precipitation is crucial. However, obtaining spatially and temporally resolved climatic data remains challenging due to sparse gauge observations and limited data availability, despite the use of satellite and reanalysis products. To address this challenge, merging available precipitation products has been introduced to generate spatially and temporally reliable data by taking advantage of the strength of the individual products. However, most of the existing studies utilize all the available products without considering the varying performances of each dataset in different regions. Comprehensively considering the relative contributions of each parent dataset is necessary since their contributions may vary significantly and utilizing all the available datasets for data merging may lead to significant data redundancy issues. Hence, for this study, we introduce a site-specific precipitation merging method that utilizes the Quadruple Collocation (QC) approach, which acknowledges the existence of error-cross correlation between the parent datasets, to create a high-resolution global daily precipitation data from 2001-2020. The performance of multiple gridded precipitation products are first evaluated per region to determine the best combination of quadruplets to be utilized in estimating the error variances through the QC approach and computation of merging weights. The merged precipitation is then computed by adding the precipitation from each dataset in the quadruplet multiplied by each respective merging weight. Our results show that our approach holds promise for generating reliable global precipitation data for data-scarce regions lacking spatially and temporally resolved precipitation data.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.184-190
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• 1999

The use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was described using two sets of primers based on the ceuN gene (JEJ 1 and JEJ 2) which encodes a protein involved in siderophore transport and 16S rRNA gene (pA and pB) for the sensitive and specific detection of enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni. Six oligonucleotides were utilized in an amplification experiment and PCR products of predicted sizes were generated from whole cells and boiled cell lysates at the same intensity. Two sets of the primer pairs, JEJ and pAB, were specific enough for all C. jejuni strains tested for the direct use of whole cells without DNA extraction or lysis steps. In the PCR using the pAB primer pair, the detection limit, as determined by the ethidium bromide staining of the amplification products on agarose gels, was at the level of $10^1$ bacteria cells or less in both the pure culture and artificially inoculated milk and chicken enrichment samples, whereas the detection limit with the JEJ primer pair was relatively low, i.e. $10^3$ cells or more in the same PCR samples. The PCR method using either a primer JEJ or pAB was both repeatable and specific for the detection of C. jejuni in food. This method is simply completed within 4 h.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.52-63
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• 2000

Non-specific reaction has been a problem in doing, especially, research and diagnosis for infectious agents. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) techniques has widely been used to amplify a reaction. Photobacterium damse1a subsp. piscicdia (formerly Pasteurella piscicida) exhibited a capacity to bind with streptavidin non-specifically. The band, estimated 26 K Da in Western blotted paper, was blocked with biotin but incompletely. In an attempt to explore an involvement of the non-specific substance in attaching piscine cells, cell attachment test performed using anti- Ph. d. subsp piscicida sera raised mouse and rabbit exhibited slightly blocking effects for Mediterranean (1736) and significantly for Japanese (Sp 92144) isolate. Biotin decreased the attachment ability significantly for Sp92144 but it was not effective to 1736. Both isolates showed greatly enhanced attachment ability with poly-L-lysin. The non-specific binding substance was contained in bacterial extracellular products (ECPs). The substance was able to purified with 2-imminobiotin affinity column, the purified substance appeared to have 4 bands in silver staining, and had a carbohydrate branch. This purified substance showed cytotoxic effects selectively between 5 piscine cell lines. Moreover, it stimulated rainbow trout macrophage in terms of reduction of cytochrome cas well as yeast phagocytosis, significantly.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.245-248
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• 1998

Porous carbon fiber composites (CFCs) having variable specific surface area ranging 35~1150 $\m^2$/g were reacted to produce silicon carbide fiber composites with SiO vapor generated from a mixture of Si and $SiO_2$ at 1673 K for 2 h under vacuum. Part of SiO vapor generated during conversion process condensed on to the converted fiber surface as amorphous silica. Chemical analysis of the converted CFCs resulting from reaction showed that the products contained 27~90% silicon carbide, 7~18% amorphous silica and 3~63% unreacted carbon, and the composition depended on the specific carbide, 7~18% amorphous silica and 3~63% unreacted carbon, and the composition depended on the specific surface area of CFCs. CFC of higher specific surface area yielded higher degree of conversion of carbon to silicon and conversion products of lower mechanical strength due to occurrence of cracks in the converted caron fiber. As the conversion of carbon to silicon carbide proceeded, pore size of converted CFCs increased as a result of growth of silicon carbide crystallites, which is also linked to the crack formation in the converted fiber.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.599-613
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• 2023

This study investigated female consumers' attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments and analyzed the relations between the attitudes and the variables such as values, knowledge, and climate cognition. The data was collected from a sample of 450 women in their 20s, 30s, and 40s via quota sampling from a selfreported online survey in 2023. The measurement comprised the attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments, Rokeach's 18 terminal values, Holbrook's 8 consumer values regarding fashion products, climate environmental knowledge related to fashion, the cognition concerning the climate crisis, and several demographic variables. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlations were applied to the data using SPSS. As a result, two factors were determined for the attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments, respectively: social and personal. Family security, happiness, and self-respect were identified as important terminal values. Quality, efficiency, aesthetics, and ethics were considered important when the current sample group purchased fashion products. The mean score of climate environmental knowledge related to fashion was lower than neutral; however the cognition of the climate crisis was considerably high. Attitudes toward the general and fashion-specific climate environments showed positive relations with values, knowledge, and climate cognition. The results were discussed to provide some insight and suggestions to carbon neutrality and the related studies.