• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2023

최근 글로벌 에너지 공급 위기로 인해 국제 에너지 시장에서 불확실성이 증가되고 있다. 이러한 시장 변화로 에너지 가격이 상승하고 있으며, 미개발된 에너지 자원이 풍부하게 저장된 극한지(북극권)까지 개발 대상 지역이 확대되고 있다. 북극권은 기존 에너지 플랜트 사업을 수행하던 지역과 차별되는 자연환경, 법, 제도, 문화, 이해관계자 등 특수한 건설 환경을 가지고 있기 때문에 사전에 개발지역에 대한 다양한 검토가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 최근 비전통 에너지 자원개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있는 캐나다 앨버타(Alberta)주를 대상으로 건설 환경 관련 공간정보를 수집하고 구축하였다. 또한, 건설 환경 공간정보 데이터를 활용하여 자원개발을 위한 최적 입지 평가 모델을 개발하고, 기존 자원개발 지역과 비교·분석하여 신뢰도를 검증하였다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2023

The transit-oriented development (TOD) model can effectively help to solve urban problems and promote sustainable urban development. The United States and Japan are widely considered the earliest two countries to start TOD practices; however, the origins of TOD models in the two countries were different. The TOD practices in the two countries formed distinct characteristics, yet their differences have been underexplored. This study aims to grasp the characteristics of the TOD model in the two countries through a systematic comparative analysis of 10 typical cities in the United States and Japan that have adopted the TOD model. This paper compares the case cities' three key aspects of the TOD model: public transit system, spatial form, and land use, and summarizes the characteristics of TOD models in the two countries from a city-level perspective, to help deepen the global understanding of TOD.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2002

This thesis investigates vibration response characteristics of building frames in which dampers are installed. The frames belong to passively vibration-controlled. Structures which utilizes energy dissipation of mechanical dampers provided in the structure. In this thesis, a turbulent flow damper sealed by visco-elastic material was dealt with as the device of passive vibration control. To investigate the resisting force characteristics of the damper, harmonic vibratration tests were carried out. Based on the test results, a theoretical model of the damper resistance was presented and a method of identifying the model parameters was proposed. Shaking table tests of the frame with and without the dampers were carried out and the effectiveness of the damper was examined. The response of the frame with the dampers was reduced to 1/2 or 1/3 of the cases without the damper.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2013

Cool roofs are currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to save energy in relation to the building. It is specifically proposed that the changing trends of rooftop surface temperature in the flat roof building model could be used effectively as an indicator to reduced cooling load reduced by cool roof since it can present stable temperature record, that is not influenced according to the nearby physical as well as human variables. The temperature of cool roof in summer was lower around $20^{\circ}C$, compared to the general roofs. Such a seasonal or daily comparative study for rooftop temperature in the building model will highlight that the cool roof efficiency could be calculated in much area-wide context according to rooftop color distribution in urban residential area. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference in identifying energy saving by cool roof since an objective monitoring has been proposed based on the rooftop temperature in the building model, fully quantitative performance of thermal infrared image.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.701-711
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• 2009

건물의 형태가 고층화되고 대규모의 복합공간을 이루게 되면서 건물의 실내공간은 더욱 복잡하고 다양한 활동들이 일어나는 공간으로 새롭게 인식되고 있기 때문에, 실내공간을 3차원으로 모델링하여 위치정보를 기반으로 다양한 분야에서 활용될 수 있도록 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 GIS 표준 웹서비스 기술과 3차원 시각화 기술을 화재 대피 시설물 관리 상권 분석과 같은 건물과 관련된 어플리케이션에 활용하여 효율적인 의사결정을 내릴 수 있도록 3차원 실내모델의 정보를 제공할 수 있도록 하였다. GIS 표준 웹 서비스를 활용하여 건물정보를 공유할 수 있도록 건물의 3차원 실내공간을 효율적으로 모델링하고 시각화하기 위한 방안을 제시하기 위해 실내모델의 다양한 구성요소들을 분할하여 모델링 된 공간데이터베이스의 지정된 데이터테이블에 저장하고, 각각을 GIS 웹 서버를 이용하여 웹서비스 할 수 있도록 설정하였다. 3차원 그래픽 렌더링 엔진을 이용하여 GIS 웹서비스로 전달되는 실내모델을 동적으로 재구성함으로써 효율적으로 3차원 시각화할 수 있는 모듈을 개발하여 다양한 어플리케이션에 활용할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.297-311
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• 2021

Around the world, there is an increasing interest in Digital Twin cities. Although geospatial data is critical for building a digital twin city, currently-established spatial data cannot be used directly for its implementation. Integration of geospatial data is vital in order to construct and simulate the virtual space. Existing studies for data integration have focused on data transformation. The conversion method is fundamental and convenient, but the information loss during this process remains a limitation. With this, standardization of the data model is an approach to solve the integration problem while hurdling conversion limitations. However, the standardization within indoor space data models is still insufficient compared to 3D building and city models. Therefore, in this study, we present a comparative analysis of data models commonly used in indoor space modeling as a basis for establishing a generic indoor space feature model. By comparing five models of IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), CityGML (City Geographic Markup Language), AIIM (ArcGIS Indoors Information Model), IMDF (Indoor Mapping Data Format), and OmniClass, we identify essential elements for modeling indoor space and the feature classes commonly included in the models. The proposed generic model can serve as a basis for developing further indoor feature models through specifying minimum required structure and feature classes.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.905-929
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• 2016

This paper assesses efficiency of the continuum method as the idealized system of building structures. A modified Coupled Two-Beam (CTB) model equipped with classical and non-classical damping has been proposed and solved analytically. In this system, complementary (non-classical) damping models composed of bending and shear mechanisms have been defined. A spatial shear damping model which is non-homogeneously distributed has been adopted in the CTB formulation and used to equivalently model passive dampers, viscous and viscoelastic devices, embedded in building systems. The application of continuum-based models for the dynamic analysis of shear wall systems has been further discussed. A reference example has been numerically analyzed to evaluate the efficiency of the presented CTB, and the optimization problems of the shear damping have been finally ascertained using local and global performance indices. The results reveal the superior performance of non-classical damping models against the classical damping. They show that the critical position of the first modal rotation in the CTB is reliable as the optimum placement of the shear damping. The results also prove the good efficiency of such a continuum model, in addition to its simplicity, for the fast estimation of dynamic responses and damping optimization issues in building systems.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.433-455
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• 2013

A phase delay spectrum model towards the representation of spatial coherence of stochastic wind fields is proposed. Different from the classical coherence functions used in the spectral representation methods, the model is derived from the comprehensive description of coherence of fluctuating wind speeds and from the thorough analysis of physical accounts of random factors affecting phase delay, building up a consistent mapping between the simulated fluctuating wind speeds and the basic random variables. It thus includes complete probabilistic information of spatial stochastic wind fields. This treatment prompts a ready and succinct scheme for the simulation of fluctuating wind speeds, and provides a new perspective to the accurate assessment of dynamic reliability of wind-induced structures. Numerical investigations and comparative studies indicate that the developed model is of rationality and of applicability which matches well with the measured data at spatial points of wind fields, whereby the phase spectra at defined datum mark and objective point are feasibly obtained using the numerical scheme associated with the starting-time of phase evolution. In conjunction with the stochastic Fourier amplitude spectrum that we developed previously, the time history of fluctuating wind speeds at any spatial points of wind fields can be readily simulated.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2007

구조물의 경제성 분석은 그 프로젝트의 실행을 결정할 수 있는 중요한 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 건설된 철골 트러스 스타디움 구조물의 건설비용 분석을 통하여 대공간구조물의 공사비 비용구조를 분석하였다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2020

Recently, deep learning that is the most popular and effective class of machine learning algorithms is widely applied to various industrial areas. A number of research on various topics about structural engineering was performed by using artificial neural networks, such as structural design optimization, vibration control and system identification etc. When nonlinear semi-active structural control devices are applied to building structure, a lot of computational effort is required to predict dynamic structural responses of finite element method (FEM) model for development of control algorithm. To solve this problem, an artificial neural network model was developed in this study. Among various deep learning algorithms, a recurrent neural network (RNN) was used to make the time history response prediction model. An RNN can retain state from one iteration to the next by using its own output as input for the next step. An eleven-story building structure with semi-active tuned mass damper (TMD) was used as an example structure. The semi-active TMD was composed of magnetorheological damper. Five historical earthquakes and five artificial ground motions were used as ground excitations for training of an RNN model. Another artificial ground motion that was not used for training was used for verification of the developed RNN model. Parametric studies on various hyper-parameters including number of hidden layers, sequence length, number of LSTM cells, etc. After appropriate training iteration of the RNN model with proper hyper-parameters, the RNN model for prediction of seismic responses of the building structure with semi-active TMD was developed. The developed RNN model can effectively provide very accurate seismic responses compared to the FEM model.