• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2002

The goal of this survey is to propose planning and design informations for the public open spaces in apartment housing, through the observation and analysis of the current situations. For this, the planning information of housing suppliers about public open spaces and the spatial utilization of users were compared and by analyzing facility utilization and resident\`s recognition. This study is also intended to guide the future directions of the research for the improvement of public open spaces. The research follows three phases; \circled1 To understand the conditions of public open spaces in apartment housing sites through survey and analysis of catalogues and references. \circled2 To study on facility utilization and resident's recognition by observation and analysis. \circled3 To propose planning guidelines for the improvement of public open space by recognition differences of facilities.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제5권7호
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• pp.821-826
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• 1999

This paper proposes a face recognition method using feature spaces and image vectors in the image plane. We obtain the 2-D feature space using the self-organizing map which has two inputs from the axis of the given image. The image vector consists of its weights and the average gray levels in the feature space. Also, we can reconstruct an normalized face by using the image vector having no connection with the size of the given face image. In the proposed method, each face is recognized with the best match of the feature spaces and the maximum match of the normally retrieval face images, respectively. For enhancing recognition rates, our method combines the two recognition methods by the feature spaces and the retrieval images. Simulations are conducted on the ORL(Olivetti Research laboratory) images of 40 persons, in which each person has 10 facial images, and the result shows 100% recognition and 14.5% rejection rates for the 20$\times$20 feature sizes and the 24$\times$28 retrieval image size.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.17-34
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the difference in the priority level of recognition for universal design application in public spaces by gender. Method: ANOVA(analysis of variance) and post-hoc test were conducted to determine the priority level of recognition and pattern for the disabled, non-disabled, and experts classified into males and females. Results: There was no gender difference in the comparison by sector for all males and females. However, in comparing of domains and facilities, women showed a higher level of recognition than men in the building sector and cross domain. When comparing space consumers and producers by dividing them into male and female groups, women showed a higher level of recognition than men in producers, but there was no gender difference between consumers. In comparison by sector, domain and facility, women producers also showed a higher level of recognition in the road sector, park and recreation sector, sidewalk domain, four-spaces in the park and recreation sector, and six-spaces in the building sector than men producers. Also, in the building sector, women producers and consumers showed a higher recognition level than men. Comparing the disabled, non-disabled people and experts by dividing them into male and female groups, in the case of non-disabled people and experts, women showed a higher level of recognition than men, while men showed a higher level of recognition than women in the disabled. In addition, there were differences in recognition patterns in many spaces and facilities by gender. Implications: This study is meaningful in comparing the differences in the priority level of recognition and patterns between men and women to apply universal design for people of all ages and both sexes.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2007

The overall purpose of this study was to investigate pedestrians and commercial business men and employers' recognition on management of street trees and green spaces along street sides. The followings were main results of this study. Both pedestrians and commercial business men and employers mostly perceived positive influence of street trees on urban environment and their business. In addition, pedestrians gave higher scores of positive influence of trees function than those of commercial business men and employers. Pedestrians showed strong intention to participate management activities of street trees or green spaces. This study indicated that negative perception on street trees came from improper management rather than existence of street trees. Therefore, more intensive management actions are needed.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권8A호
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• pp.763-770
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• 2002

CW Morse 신호의 인식은 톤과 스페이스를 구별하는 신호 검출 과정, 잡음 제거 등의 신호처리 과정, 톤/스페이스를 판별하는 과정, 판별된 톤과 스페이스 순열을 문자로 변환하는 과정, 변환된 문자 메시지를 반복 구문 등을 이용하여 오류정정을 수행하는 과정으로 나눌 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 신호의 페이딩에 효과적으로 대처하기 위하여 주파수 영역에서 피크의 형성 유무로 신호를 검출하는 방법을 제안하고 검출된 다수의 주파수 피크 성분을 합성하고 잔여 신호 성분 및 잡음을 제가하는 방법을 제시한다. 톤/스페이스의 판별에는 LMS 적응 판별법을 이용하였으며 초기치 설정 방법 및 오동작 조건을 분석하였다. 실제 수신된 CW Morse 신호를 이용한 인식 실험을 수행하였으며 제안된 방법이 신호의 페이딩이 심한 경우에도 우수한 인식 성능을 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2007

패턴 인식 분야에는 지수적 탐색 공간을 가진 최적화 문제가 많이 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 부 최적해를 구하는 순차 탐색 알고리즘이 사용되어 왔고, 이들 알고리즘은 국부 최적점에 빠지는 문제점을 안고 있다. 최근 이를 극복하기 위해 유전 알고리즘을 사용하는 사례가 많아졌다. 이 논문은 특징 선택, 분류기 앙상블 선택, 신경망 가지치기, 군집화 문제의 지수적 탐색 공간 특성을 설명하고 이를 해결하기 위한 유전 알고리즘을 살펴본다. 또한 향후 연구로서 가치가 높은 주제들에 대해 소개한다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2019

The most ordinary form of residential type in Korea is a plate-type apartment, and the common space in these apartment is attracting as an important factor for enhancing social exchanges among neighbors and forming community consciousness. In addition, it provides a sense of psychological security by enabling natural exchanges and communication in contemporary society. It is desirable to plan the flow of space in such a way that private, semi-private, semi-public, and public spaces are linked. Semi-private and semi-public spaces can be defined as common spaces. Semi-private spaces are strongly recognized in the order of unit household entrance, main entrance, elevator, corridor, staircase, playground, bench, trail, walkway and parking lot, exercise space, main/back gate, the ability to gratify is increased sense of belonging, ownership consciousness formation, defensive function. Semi-public space is strongly recognized in the order of playground, bench, exercise space, trail, main entrance, walkway and parking lot, unit household entrance, main/back gate, corridor, staircase, elevator, the ability to gratify is increase of social contact, Secondary activity space function. In addition, the function to gratify in the common space differs according to gender and age group among resident characteristics, and differs according to corridor type, parking lot type and main entrance type. Therefore, differentiated planning of common space is needed in consideration of these differences in the design of common space in future.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2015

The researches of image recognition have been processed traditionally. Especially, face recognition technology has been received attractions with advance and applied to various areas according as camera sensor embedded into many devices such as smart phone. In this study, we design and develop a feature vector generation technique of face for making animation caricatures using methods for face detection which are previous stage of face recognition. At first, we detect both face region and detailed eye region of component element by Viola&Johns's realtime detection method which are called as ROI(Region Of Interest). And then, we generate feature vectors of eye region by utilizing factors as opposed to the periphery and by using appearance information of eye. At this point, we focus on the embedded information in many color spaces to overcome the problems which can be occurred by using one color space. We propose a feature vector generation method using information from many color spaces. Finally, we experiment the test of feature vector generation by the proposed method with enough quantity of sample picture data and evaluate the proposed method for factors of estimating performance such as error rate, accuracy and generation time.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2015

Recently, the spatial design of resting spaces in department stores has been changed. The design elements such as colors, materials, lighting, natural elements, furniture arrangement, and VMD are not only providing a pleasant and natural indoor atmosphere in resting spaces but also providing various services to customers. In this study, it aims to analyze how the spatial design characteristics of resting spaces in department stores are appeared. The results are as follows. First, the spatial characteristics of the resting spaces in department sores came up as five factors; accessibility, recognition, comfort, convenience, and esthetics. As the result, the accessibility is the most important factor in resting spaces. Second, the resting spaces was well located near by the elevators and escalators providing easy accessibility to customers to floor. Third, the resting spaces need to improve the spatial design for emphasizing the recognitions by using colors, materials and lighting. Fourth, the resting spaces were provided different atmosphere by their location. Fifth, the various forms of furniture, curved, zigzagged, and cubed, were placed in the resting spaces for comport use. Sixth, the aesthetic was the least important factor of all. To improve this problem, the resting spaces need to provide cultural contents by installing art pieces, moving picture facilities, and VMD. Seven, most of the resting spaces had similar floor plan type that they did not perform their role successfully. The resting spaces need to provide both individual rooms and unique open spaces for giving a choice to use when customers visit them.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2004

The space is formed in close connection with a human life style, and whose significance is interpreted and recognized by characteristics given in the life culture to which they belong to. The spacial concept in terms of recognition plays an important role in the design of spaces. The understandings of its identity is an indispensable factor to forming the proper relation between the human beings and the space. This paper is the inquiry and the arrangement for geographical, thinking, and beauty-conscious features of Japan by the researches on documentary records in order to reveal the relationship between recognition and space as mentioned aboved. Also this paper presents the frame(system) which can draw the method of space construction and its expression and then seize and analyze the reality of space by re-arrangement for these various cultural background on the center of the relationship with Japanese spacial cognition. And this paper analyzed and arranged expressive features for Japanese spacial concepts by applying this analysis frame to contemporary commercial spaces in Japan. In results this research revealed that Japanese spacial features is always in the consciousness for cognitive space on the design of space , and in the features the neutral and several layered spaces are showed in complexed and mutual connected forms. These may be the methods for the relationship establishment between human and space on the ground of unique spacial concepts which is commonly found not only in traditional spaces but also in contemporary spaces in Japan.