• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.259-268
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• 1999

This study aims to recognize the importance of the outdoor environment for the improvement in the residents' quality of life and analyze residents' outdoor behavior(physical and psychological) pattern in terms of relation to outdoor environment in Multi-Housing Complexes. Our survey was performed to the residents of 6 Multi-Housing Complexes located in Pusan, and analyzed residents' consciousness, use and evaluation in relation to outdoor space according to the characteristics of the Multi-Housing Complexes. The results are as follows: l. The outdoor space is classified into resting space, green space, parking space, play space and sport space. Most of residents recognize that green space and parking space are the most important of the outdoor space. 2. Mainly, wives use for stroll and talk, husbands use for sports and stroll, and children use for sports and play. 3. The parking space is the highest score and sport space is the lowest score according to the residents' evaluation of the outdoor space, and yet sport space must be considered in planning of outdoor space because the residents' needs are high.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.177-185
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to use as the basic data for design method in commercial space. So, we analyzed whether any emotion was induced by finishing materials in the commercial space. And we was to suggest expression methods of finish materials to induce in the emotional space. The results of this study are as follows : First, we could know that the emotional design is needed to enhance satisfaction of consumers. The role of finishing material is very important in emotional expression in the commercial space. Second, we extracted the adjectives vocabulary(14 pairs) to evaluate the space emotion. we could educe the four kinds of space emotion by Factor Analysis. In addition, we could arrange the emotional words to represent each space type(Decoration : 5 pairs, Expand : 4 pairs, Limitation : 3 pairs, Hierarchy : 2 pairs). Third, to use finishing materials and wall is very effective to induce the emotion in the emotional space. To use the color is good among the elements of finishing materials. Fourth, We could find that the center of the types of emotional space was induced with the boundary and the decoration. If we use contrasting colors and accent colors in the commercial space, we can induce the center and the boundary together. And if we use colorful or unusual patterns, we can induce the center and the decoration together. Fifth, To induce the expand, we should finish with one color in space. And To induce the center, we should finish with one type of the color or pattern and then we should partially use the contrast color and special pattern. the case of boundary, it is good method to part emphasize by color, texture and materials. And we can induce the decoration with materials and patterns.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.93-104
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• 2018

This study is about occurrence pattern of vacant spaces as a urban decline indicator to consider a decline of old hillside residential area from spatial structure perspective. For investigation based upon vacant space and the street structure, this study selects Ami Chojang-dong in Seo-gu, Busan, of which 79.7% of total area is over a gradient of $10^{\circ}$. Focused on relationship between occurrence pattern of vacant spaces and 'vertical alleys(link)' serving as main movement path of local residents in hillside residential area, the length, numbers, slopes, and use characteristic of vertical alleys were analyzed using Arc GIS 9.3 program to classify characteristic zone types of spacial structure in hillside residential area. After the occurrence pattern of vacant space are interpreted in relation with building density, vertical alleys' number length slope, the social and economic issues have been considered as well. After analyzing the occurrence pattern of vacant space, this study argues that the occurrence pattern of vacant space in old hillside residential area is rather affected by street structure system consisting of vertical alleys than the impacts of social economical issues.

• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.23-37
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• 2018

In recent years, there has been a proliferation of commercial uses in the area where Gentrification occurs. In order to cope with such a diffusion phenomenon, it is necessary to derive the diffusion area accurately. Gentrification has a feature that occurs locally in a short time. Therefore, this study used the space-time pattern analysis to derive the diffusion area of commercial uses in Bukchon, a typical gentrified area in Seoul. Among the space-time pattern analysis, space time permutation statistics used in this study can derive the convergence phenomenon of time and space in a particular case with only the location information. The results confirmed that there has been three proliferation area in Bukchon, one started in 2007, other in 2013 and the other in 2014. In the earliest area, independent shops were the most popular, and the majority of them were restaurants. However in latter areas, there has been more chain stores and clothing stores than earlier area. The findings of this study indicate that space time pattern analysis can be used as a tool to analyze the proliferation by gentrification because it can derive accurate location and timing of the diffusion.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.113-120
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• 2015

Apartment is characterized by its various households occupying a unit each in the same building, and its shared space is important in that it supports the living, exchange of information and communication between neighbors, thereby creating a sense of community. This study focused on coming up with designs to vitalize the shared space in the apartment, and to do that, Christopher Alexander's pattern language was applied to analyze the patterns found in the apartment shared space, find improvements and propose the design methods that reflect the unique characteristics of designs in Korea. The study is mainly based on literary review and field research. (1) The definition and composition of shared space and Christopher Alexander's pattern language are examined; (2) The field research is performed to analyze the patterns in the shared space of the apartments that have been planned recently in order to find the problems and elements that can be improved; and The above is reflected and proposed as a design method. The study will help rediscover the significance of space by proposing the methodology for shared space design, encouraging the use of shared space and contributing to the enhancement of community.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.43-52
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to fined out the characteristics of using & change of the residential space according to the children age and family life cycle. The results of this study are as follows: The first, as children grow up, children's activity space changed from living room to the private room, and housing condition was related to the frequency of each activity. The second, as children grow up, family's sleeping pattern changed, and this change effected the number of private rooms for sleeping and the use of the extra room. The third, changes of the using of dwelling space come out several pattern, increasing bedroom number through reconstruction, exchange of An-band and children room, parents' sleeping space move to living room, and change the function of rooms. The change pattern of the correspondence to the housing needs differed from each family life cycle stage.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 1994

The behavioral-related environmental study for multifamily housing is needed to develop the quality of unit floor plan in terms of user comfort and needs. So, the aim of this study is to find out the living style and housing needs in terms of interaction between the users behavior pattern and orgarnization of physical home space. For the purpose, the field experiments in Pusan, have been carried out with 318 households living in apartments by plan types(2BL, 3BL, 4BL, 5BL) which were classified by number of bedrooms. The dwelling space usage behavior(room use pattern and furniture uasge pattern) and the space adjustment behavior(physical modification of space and preferred space adjustment attitude) were examined and analyzed.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.184-195
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to clarify the space use pattern and the daily living activities of the elderly with dementia in the common space (dining room, day corner) of nursing home in Japan. The subjects were six units of the 2 nursing homes in Tokyo. For this, researcher visited from September 5 to December 5 and collected data by observations of behavior of the elderly with dementia in common space and interviews with staff for the information about basic characteristics of the elderly with dementia and administration and operation of the facilities. The data were analyzed using the frequency and percentage with SPSS 11 program and recorded in the form of behavior map. The results revealed as follows: first, 6 types (self-concentration type, physical environment-interest type, passive others-interest type, staffs-interaction type, other elderly-interaction type, visitors-interaction type) of the daily living activities of the elderly with dementia in common space were founded. Second, the daily living activities of the elderly with dementia in common space tended to focus on self-concentration type and physical environment-interest type. Third, physical environmental characteristics of common space affected space usage pattern of the elderly with dementia. And it was perceived like as living oriented space, social interaction space, facility space, staff oriented space. Conclusively it was suggested to plan dining space as semi-private space, day comer as semi-public space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.13-21
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to make planning factors for outdoor space in elementary school site, with analyzation focusing on a Japanese elementary school examples. We evaluated the planning factors which encourage the development of children’s behaviors from quality of space. And we can get the important points as planning factor for school site as follows: 1) The base point of zoning is school building, building entrance, entrance of site and track 2) The importance of linked space plan with inside of site and surrounding environment 3) Preservation linked system of space in school site for linked pattern of child’s behavior.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.984-990
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• 2009

Halftoning is very important image processing techniques in the digital printing industry which is a process of converting a continuous-tone image to bi-level tone image. In this paper we introduce a new digital halftoning method based on maze generation algorithm as a replacement algorithm of halftoning with space-filling curve. Previous error-diffusion methods based on space-filling curve suffer from regular pattern artifacts from uniform scan pattern. We use maze generation algorithm to remove this undesirable pattern of space-filling curve method.