• 터널과지하공간
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2017

본 논문은 싱가포르 케이블 터널NS2 현장 SCL(NATM)터널구간에서 숏크리트 라이닝의 역학적 변형거동을 평가하기 위하여, 터널 막장관찰(Face Mapping)자료에 근거한 암반분류결과와 현장계측을 통한 내공변위결과를 바탕으로 NATM 터널의 공학적 거동 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 또한 본 현장의 수직구, Adit 터널 및 Enlargement 터널의 NATM 터널 전체를 3차원 모델링하였으며, 시공중 암반분류값에 근거한 암반하중을 산정하여 3차원 유한요소해석을 실시하였으며, 해석결과를 현장계측결과와 비교 검토하였다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1969

In the past few years, scintigraphy has become increasingly important in clinical practice, and the use of a color-printing technique has permited a more accurate interpretation of the scan image. Our liver color scintigrams consist of 51 hepatomas, 35 liver cirrhosis, 22 liver abscessis, 10 hepatitis and other 13 cases of the liver diseases which were clinically arid pathologically diagnosed at Sevarance Hospital, Yonsei Univ., since Feb. 1969 through Sept. 1969. These scintigrams have been analized in terms of various pathologic morphology, such as size, shape, margin of the liver, distribution of radioactivity, and shape of the space occupying lesions. The results are as follows: 1. Enlargement of the liver was the most common finding in the diseased livers. The Rt. lobe enlargement was particularly prominent in the liver abscess. 2. Irregular distribution of radioactivity in the liver (so called mottling) was present in 78% of hepatoma, while it was seen only in 31% of liver abscesses. 3. Liver cirrhosis tends to show perihilar accumulation of the isotope (57%). 4. The deformity of the lower most angle of the Rt. lobe, and the Lt. lateral margin of the Lt. lobe was also impressive throughout the cases ($74{\sim}95%$ of all diseased livers). 5. The frequency of visualization of the spleen was influenced by the size of space occupying lesions and the amount of functioning liver. 6. Differentiation between the liver abscess and hepatoma seems to be possible on scintigram, when shape and margin of defect and patterns of distribution of radioactivity in the remaining liver are clearly demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

Chronic subdural hematomas (CSHs) are generally regarded to be a traumatic lesion. It was regarded as a stroke in 17th century, an inflammatory disease in 19th century. From 20th century, it became a traumatic lesion. CSH frequently occur after a trauma, however, it cannot occur when there is no enough subdural space even after a severe head injury. CSH may occur without trauma, when there is sufficient subdural space. The author tried to investigate trends in the causation of CSH. By a review of literature, the author suggested a different view on the causation of CSH. CSH usually originated from either a subdural hygroma or an acute subdural hematoma. Development of CSH starts from the separation of the dural border cell (DBC) layer, which induces proliferation of DBCs with production of neomembrane. Capillaries will follow along the neomembrane. Hemorrhage would occur into the subdural fluid either by tearing of bridge veins or repeated microhemorrhage from the neomembrane. That is the mechanism of hematoma enlargement. Trauma or bleeding tendency may precipitate development of CSH, however, it cannot lead CSH, if there is no sufficient subdural space. The key determinant for development of CSH is a sufficient subdural space, in other words, brain atrophy. The most common and universal cause of brain atrophy is the aging. Modifying Virchow's description, CSH is sometimes traumatic, but most often caused by degeneration of the brain. Now, it is reasonable that degeneration of brain might play pivotal role in development of CSH in the aged persons.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.18-38
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• 1996

Dosan Sedans was built in 1560, when Toege I Whang(1500-1571) was 60, as a place in which to study and teach disciples. The building was built to a humble 3-kan system which was a popular form of sodang in the 16th century, There found an enlargement of space by attaching outer walls around three sides which was designed by Toege himself. Minimum in space, moderation in form, conrol of embellishment, hermit scholar's aethetics became basic concept of the architecture of Dosan Sodang. After completion of sodang, Toege wrote many poems about pond, walls, flower bed and natural surroundings like sheer cliff, winding river and even rural daily life of villagers around the building. It could be sud that ,for Toege, architecture was cogniged as a whole complex of building and its surrounding natural, artificial and human circumstances.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to improve design method for renovating an environmental friendly residential space where nature and humans could coexist. In the present study, five deteriorated multi-family housing complexes have been selected and one hundred and thirty eight dwellers have been asked about ecological important factors through the questionnaire. This study presents the adaptable solutions, such as are the enlargement of unit space or area, the renovation of facade, the functional change for dwellings on the ground level, the open piping of circulation systems, the expansion of community facilities(include greenarea), the build up of spatial hierarchy and the housing development set reuse planning forth as a premise, for the aspects of dwelling unit, building block and site planning.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2007

The aim of this study is actual conditions to analyse of community center in Cheongweon-gun and propose operation method. In this study, I deduced some problems and proposed improvement planing corresponded to new needs through such as external appearance, inner space analysis, operating actual conditions analysis and etc., of existing community center in Cheongweon-gun. And I wish to present more efficient architectural space organization and operation method with these surveying results. The result of this study are as follows; Community center as representative community facilities is necessary to reflect of village characteristics on the exterior of buildings, and decision of scale and usage considered number of residents, visitors, and ages. For management of the community center, it is necessary of sustainable obtain of management cost, and provision against rebuilding and enlargement of building.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.675-687
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• 2019

최근 대도시에는 교통량의 증가와 높은 토지 보상비 등으로 인해 도로 확충 시 대심도 복층 터널의 필요성이 증가하고 있으며, 국내에서도 일반적인 터널보다 단면이 작고 지하에서 다른 터널과 교차하는 네트워크형 터널이 계획되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 쉴드 터널 분기부에 있어서 기존 터널과 확폭부를 연결하는 연결상세에 있어 기존의 전단면 강재 접합부 대신 휨모멘트가 크게 발생하는 연결부에만 강재를 사용하는 부분 강재-콘크리트 접합부 상세와 쉴드 터널 분기부의 확폭 구간의 해석은 3차원 거동효과를 반영하기 위해 확폭부 시종점 구간의 기둥 효과와 종방향 부재의 강성효과를 고려할 수 있는 2차원 해석모델을 검토하였다. 2차원 해석기법으로 확폭부 시종점 구간에서 종방향 부재의 강성을 횡방향 모델에서 연결부의 탄성스프링 지점으로 고려하여 종방향 부재의 강성과 시종점부의 기둥효과를 반영하는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 2차원 해석기법을 이용한 구조해석 결과 일정값 이상의 강성을 갖는 종방향부재를 도입하면 접합부와 박스부의 휨모멘트를 저감 시킴으로써 부분 강재-콘크리트 접합부의 구조 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 검토되었다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to determine the economical standard of road signs by verifying the difference of driver's recognition and reaction time according to the space rate of letters on the road signs. For this reason, indoor simulations was conducted to confirm difference of recognition and reaction time on six sign-targets having different space rate. Also, a negative binomial regression model was used to find the main factors which could lower the rate of misreading. For this model, increasing of legibility of sign is not only simple enlargement of sign, but also suitable match of letters and sign. The result of this study is capable of verifying the importance of the space rate in road signs, and being utilized as a effective method to determine the standard of the road signs.

• 천문학논총
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2018

Song, I-Yeong (1619 ~ ?) was an active astronomer in the Joseon dynasty at the era of adopting the Shixian-li, Chinese calendar in Qing dynasty. His astronomical contribution was recorded in Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, Diary of the Royal Secretariat, Comparative Review of Records and Documents-Its Revision and Enlargement, and Treatise on the Bureau of Astronomy. In addition the details on his life and works were found at the genealogies of the Song Family from Yeonan and the Kim Family from Seonsan. His major astronomical activities can be summarized in three items. First, as a specialist astronomer, he has attempted to make a systematic observation of two comets. Second, he designed and fabricated the Jamyeong-jong, the weight-powered armillary clock, which became a typical model of the astronomical clock in the Joseon dynasty. Last, he served as a royal astronomical professor, greatly contributing on implementing the Shixian-li. Song has concentrated on performing astronomical duties for his royal official service time. Song is regarded as an important astronomer who made it possible to enforce the Shixian-li until the late Joseon dynasty.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide logical basis on enlargement of toilet floor space for the disabled by "ACT ON GUARANTEE OF PROMOTION OF CONVENIENCE OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, THE AGED, PREGNANT WOMEN. ETC" Revised Enforcement regulation [Asterisk 1] (2018.2.10.) and to help with making plans, designs and establishing policies by conducting experimental study with the enhanced floor area regulations. Methods: We conduct Experimental study, field work and interview for this paper. In experimental study, verification of the effective floor area was proceeded by measuring activity space for people in manual wheelchair, electric wheel chair and electric scooter and also reviewed useable area with the space expanded 0.2m both width and depth. In filed work, conducted an observation what other things (ex. sanitary equipment, hand rail and so on) can also affect the active space as well as effective floor space. In the interview, other problems and requirements that were not revealed were experimental study and observation of field work. Results : it's expected to provide better access to toilets for the disabled with the law revision of effective floor area. But, with the usage increasement of enlarged wheel chair and electric wheel chair, expanding side areas of toilet is also highly likely to be required going forward. Implications : Additional research is required on locations of exists and internal arrangement that effect the usage of toilet. It should be led to Universal design by making additional investigation and verification of the users patterns.