• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.240-245
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• 2010

The effects of monazite and fixing agents on cotton fabric dyed with Perilla frutescens var. acuta extract were investigated. The proper monazite treatment concentration, temperature and time were 10%(o.w.b.), $50^{\circ}C$ and 60minutes. By various fixing agent treatment, $FeSO_4$ showed a relatively high K/S value and the order of K/S value decreased as follows, cation surface active agents, soybean and NaCl. And the monazite and $FeSO_4$ fixing agent showed higher anion emissity than those of untreated cotton and other fixing agents. The cotton fabrics showed improved color fastness by monazite and fixing agents treatments with the exception of light fastness. And the cotton fabrics fixed with fixing agents were showed effective bacterial reduction with the exception of NaCl.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.866-877
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• 2012

The natural dyeing of hanji cotton fabrics with guava leaf extract was investigated. The temperature and time of dyeing were $40^{\circ}C$ and $90^{\circ}C$ for eighty minutes, respectively. In addition, the dyebath has been set at pH 5. Sn pre-mordanted fabrics showed the highest K/S value. Regardless of dyeing temperature, K/S values were high when Al, Cu, Fe-mordanted fabrics were dyed in post-mordanting and Sn-mordanted fabrics in pre-mordanting. The dyeing equilibrium was shown at the fourth time of repeated dyeing. In the processing of hanji cotton fabrics, K/S value was high when hanji cotton fabric was treated with soybean milk at $90^{\circ}C$. Similar K/S value of dyeing was shown when fabrics were processed with chitosan, regardless of dyeing temperature. High K/S value of dyeing was seen when fabrics processed with gallnut tannin at 40. Fabrics dyed with acidic water extract showed yellowish color. Fabrics dyed with alkaline water extract showed reddish color, and fabrics dyed with ethanol extract showed greenish yellow color. In case of Sn-mordanted fabrics, the washing fastness level was between 3 to 4, and other dyed fabrics showed low fastness. The dry cleaning fastness also showed very excellent result with level 4-5. The rubbing fastness of the fabrics was better in dry rubbing than in wet rubbing. For the light fastness, all dyed fabrics showed low fastness. For antibacterial activity, the dyed fabrics with guava leaf extract showed 99.9% of high antibacterial activity. Hanji cotton fabric maintained certain deodorization in the state of raw fabric. All dyed fabrics showed higher UV protection rate than control fabric.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.528-535
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• 2016

Ethyl acrylate(EA) 혹은 lauryl acrylate(LA)와 hydroxy ethyl acrylate(HEA)를 용액중합법에 의해 공중합하여 2종의 친유성 아크릴 전구중합체를 얻은 다음, 여기에 가교제로서 hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI)를 첨가 배합하여, 폴리프로필렌 velvet 편직물에 통상의 pad-dry-cure방법으로 수지가공을 실시하여 유흡착재를 제조하였다. 가교 아크릴 수지(EA-HEA-HDI)의 겔화도는 전체 acrylate에 대한 HEA의 사용량과 가교제인 HDI의 농도가 증가할수록 증가하였다. 얻어진 유흡착재의 수지 부착율에 따른 흡유능과 유보유율은 시험유로서 n-decane, toluene, 대두유, 윤활유, 벙커C유를 사용하여 평가 하였고 대두유를 제외하고 사용된 모든 오일에 걸쳐 흡유능에 미치는 최적의 부착율은 약 6%로 나타났다. 한편 유보유율은 부착율의 증가에 따라 증가하였고 더욱이 고비중, 고점도 오일의 경우에서 전반적으로 보다 증가된 값을 나타내었다. 또한 흡유능은 LA-HEA-HDI로 처리된 유흡착재가 EA-HEA-HDI의 그것에 비하여 높았으며, 아크릴 수지의 측쇄 알킬기의 길이가 증가할수록 보다 높은 흡유능을 나타내었다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.648-655
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• 2017

This study measured dyeing properties under different dyeing conditions and levels of antimicrobial activity when man-made fibers are dyed with gallnut, including rayon, tencel, tencel blended fabric, soybean fiber, and nylon non-mordanted. The dye up-take (K/S), color ($L^*a^*b^*$), and color differences (${\Delta}E$) were measured with a colorimeter, and the number of bacteria present in the dyed fabrics were determined using Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia as strains. The results are as follows: First, the optimal dyeing conditions for man-made fibers dyed with gallnut are 60 minutes of dyeing time and a $80^{\circ}C$ dyeing temperature. Second, gallnut dye is most effective on soybean fiber and then, in descending order of effectiveness, on nylon, rayon, tencel, and tencel blended fabric. This means that dyeing properties of nitrogen containing fibers are excellent when using gallnut. Third, all man-made fibers are dyed brown with gallnut. This implies dyeing possibility of man-made fibers about gallnut dye, so development and supply of natural dyed goods of man-made fibers can be increased. Fourth, in all man-made fibers dyed with gallnut extract, both Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia show 99.9% reduction ratios of fungistasis, which indicate antimicrobial activity. Therefore, safe, functional, man-made materials can be developed to relieve symptoms from and treat patients with skin ailments.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1520-1526
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• 2005

Henna is a natural colorant and has been used to dye hair, skin and leather since civilization began. It has reddish brown to orange shade. The major color components of Henna are Lawsone(2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinone) and Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-flavone). In this study, various fibers containing the nitrogen component, especially used fur underwear, were dyed with Henna under various dyeing conditions, then dyeing characteristics, color fastness, and anti-bacterial properties were evaluated. from the results, Henna has good affinity to the chlorinated wool>wool>Pu/nylon>nylon>soybean>silk in decreasing order. The color fastness of the wool fabric dyed with Henna to washing, dry-cleaning, and perspiration showed 4-5 grade. The color fastness to light was 3rd grade. These results are relatively good comparing with other natural dyes. Moreover dyed fabric with Henna showed excellent antibacterial activity.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.320-330
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• 2012

The natural dyeing of cotton fabrics with guava leaf extract was investigated. The temperature and time of dyeing are $40^{\circ}C$ and $90^{\circ}C$ for eighty minutes, respectively. In addition, the dyebath has been set at pH 5. Sn pre-mordanted fabrics showed the highest K/S value. Regardless of dyeing temperature, K/S values were high when Al, Cu, Fe-mordanted fabrics were dyed in post-mordanting and Sn-mordanted fabrics were dyed in pre-mordanting. The K/S value of dyeing fabrics could be increased with repetitive dyeing and mordanting. Compared to untreated dyed fabrics, the K/ S values of fabrics which had been treated with soybean milk, chitosan and gall nut tannin were increased. The changed surface colors of fabrics that were treated with soybean milk, chitosan and gall nut tannin were Y, YR and achromatic colors. Fabrics dyed with alkaline water extract showed reddish color. Sn-mordanted fabrics dyed with acidic water extract showed vivid yellowish color, and Cu-mordanted fabrics dyed with ethanol extract showed yellowish green color. In case of Sn-mordanted fabrics, the washing fastness was level 4. The dry cleaning fastness also showed very excellent result with level 4-5. The rubbing fastness was better in dry rubbing than in wet rubbing of the fabrics. For the light fastness, all dyed fabrics showed low fastness. For antibacterial activity, the powder of guava leaf extract and the dyed fabrics with guava leaf extract showed 99.9% of high antibacterial activity. All dyed fabrics showed higher deodorization and UV protection rate than control fabric.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.661-673
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• 1994

We have gathered a fatty acid to recycle the waste oil of food manufacturing process, and then made a soap from the waste oil by alkali saponification. Effects of the washing elements such as the concentration of the soap, temperature and time were evaluated to find out the optimum washing conditions, and results are as follows. 1. We could find soaps made from the soybean oil (A), corn oil (B), rape seed salad oil (C), cotton seed oil (D) and a soap consisting of the each oil 25% respectively (I) had the lowest surface tension at the concentration of 0.225% -0.25%. Compared with the single fatty-acid soap, the multi-component soap I showed the lower surface tension at the cmc. 2. All the samples of A-I showed the lowest contact angle for the solid material at the concentration of 0.25%. The multi-component soap of I showed higher contact angle than the single.component soaps of A, B, C and D. 3. The soap G, made from the waste oil, show lower surface tension than 5, made from the complex raw fats of the eatable fatty oil acid and H, commercial soap. 4. The washing efficiency depends on the washing time. Especially the 25-minute was found to be the optimum washing time. 5. The highest washing efficiency was found at the 0.25% cont. reagardless of the washing temperature. At 0.15% concentration level the washing efficiency reduces as washing tem- perature increases. At 0.3% concentration level the highest washing efficiency was found between $50^{\circ}$-$60^{\circ}$. 6. The soap made from the waste oil showed the highest washing efficiency in terms of concentration, temperature, and time. 7. The soap made from the waste oil showed the similiar concentration of hydrogen ion to the synthetic detergent. 8. The hand value of the fabric washed by the soap made from the waste oil was a little lower value than those washed by the synthetic detergent.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.371-381
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• 2010

The pine needles can be used for four seasons in normal living and it can be taken friendly everywhere as it is distributed over 50% in Korea. The pine needles consist of vitamins, protein, minerals, essential oil and enzyme related to antimicrobial activity. It has effect like high blood pressure, neuralgia and hanged over by terpene, glucokinin, rutin, apigenic acid and tannin. Also the extract of them can be used for dyeing of fabrics. However, the extract components and effects of them are not well known yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the volatile components of the pine needles extract and functionality. The pine needles extract was dyed into various fabrics(nylon, silk, wool and soybean) and mordanted with Al, Cu, Cr, Fe and Sn. The extracted aroma compounds were compared by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major volatile compounds of pine needles verified by using SPME were alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, beta-phellandrene, caryophyllene, ethanon, benzen. A total of 15 compounds were identified by using the SPME fibers. In the UV-visible spectra, the maximum absorption of wavelength of the pine needles ethanol extract appeared at 460, 630nm for chlorophyll component and at 237, 281nm for tannin component with the pine needles distilled water extract. Most of sample showed high antibacterial effect in none mordant but wool fabric showed high antibacterial effect in mordants. The result of UV block test showed a superior ability of blocking ultraviolet ray infiltration in all sample.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2003

토양에서 분리한 균주 Trichoderma sp. SO-571의 cellulase를 생산하기 위해 3.0% cellulose, 4.0% 탈지대두, 3.0% 밀기울, 0.5% ($NH_4$)$_2$$SO_4$, 0.2% urea, 1.0% CSL, 0.5%$ KH_2$$PO_4$, 0.2% Tween 80을 사용하여 생산한 결과, 균체량은 배양 62 시간에 가장 높은 양을 보였으며, cellulase 활성은 배양시간이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Ultrafiltration을 이용하여 cellulase를 정제한 결과, 47.8%의 수율과 4.6배의 정제도를 보였다. Cellulase를 섬유가공 처리에 사용하기 위한 최적 반응 pH및 온도는 pH 5, $60^{\circ}C$에서 최대의 활성을 보였다 섬유가공 처리에 대한 cellulase효과를 측정하고자 청천과 텐셀을 대상으로 감량율을 측정한 결과, 청천에 대한 감량율은 분리균주가 생산한 cellulase는 2.9%, Celluclast 1.5 L은 2.2%의 감량율을 보였다. 텐셀 처리시 분리균주의 cellulase는 0.62%, Celluclast 1.5 L은 0.45% 감량율을 보였다. 또한 반응시간에 따른 천청에 탈색정도를 측정하고자 세탁 가공처리한 물의 청색정도를 660nm에서 측정한 결과, 세탁시간이 증가할수록 흡광도가 증가하였다.