• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on the muscle thickness and contraction time using sound wave vibrator and swiss ball. Methods : This study was performed on 20 subjects. 20 subjects were divided into two groups; Lumbar stability exercise using sound wave vibrator exercise(n=10)(Group1), Lumbar stability exercise using Swiss ball exercise(n=10)(Group2). Both of the group performed the exercise 3 times a week for 5 weeks. The data was analyzed by the paired t-test to compare before and after difference of factors on each group and the Independent t-test to compare the between groups. Results : Both group were increased muscle contracture time on Straight Leg Rise(SLR) test (p<0.05). It means both group were increased lumbar stability. However, by comparing the between groups, there were no statistically significant difference about muscle thickness of multifidus and transverse abdominal.(p>0.05). Conclusion : As a result of this study, we suggest that the sound wave vibrator may be effective exercise tool for lumbar stability exercise like a swiss ball.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.528-535
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• 2004

Ultrasonic Vibrator is designed to achieve the maximum vibration amplitude at 30 kHz by in-cluding a horn (diameter, 40 mm), mechanical vibration amplifier at the top of the ultrasonic vibrator in the system and making the complete system resonate. In addition, it is experimentally visualized by particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) that the acoustic streaming velocity in the gap is at maximum when the gap between the ultrasonic vibrator and stationary plate agrees with the multiples of half-wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. This fact results from the resonance of the sound wave and the theoretical analysis of that is also accomplished and verified by experiment. It is observed that the magnitude of the acoustic streaming dependent upon the gap between the ultrasonic vibrator and stationary plate possibly changes due to the measurement of the average velocity fields of the acoustic streaming induced by the ultrasonic vibration at resonance and non-resonance. There exists extremely small average velocity at non-resonant gaps while the relatively large average velocity exists at resonant gaps compared with non-resonant gaps. It also reveals that there should be larger axial turbulent intensity at the hub region of the vibrator and at the edge of it in the resonant gap where the air streaming velocity is maximized and the flow phenomena is conspicuous than that at the other region. Because the variation of the acoustic streaming velocity at resonant gap is more distinctive than that at non-resonant gap, shear stress increases more in the resonant gap and is also maximized at the center region of the vibrator except the local position of center (r〓0). At the non-resonant gap there should be low values of vorticity distribution, but in contrast to the non-resonant gap, high and negative values of it exist at the center region of the vibrator with respect to the radial direction and in the vicinity of the middle region with respect to the axial direction. Acoustic streaming is noise-free due to the ultrasonic vibration and maintenance-free because of the absence of moving parts. Moreover, the proposed method by acoustic streaming can be utilized to the nano and micro-electro mechanical systems as a driving mechanism in addition to the augmentation of the streaming velocity.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2017

수중에서 은밀하게 움직이는 표적을 조기에 탐지하기 위한 선배열센서에 적용되는 통상의 하이드로폰은 표적신호의 크기만 측정할 뿐, 외부에서 들어오는 음향신호의 방향은 파악할 수 없는 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 표적으로부터의 음향신호의 크기와 방향을 동시에 탐지할 수 있는 관성형 벡터 하이드로폰의 기본 구성품으로 두께 전단형 진동자를 제안하였다. 외력에 대한 진동자의 출력 전압을 해석할 수 있는 수식을 유도하였으며, PMN-PT 단결정 진동자에 대한 유한요소해석을 통해 수식의 타당성을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 해석 결과는 향후 두께 전단형 진동자로 구성된 관성형 벡터 하이드로폰 설계에 활용될 것이다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2003

30 ㎑의 초음파 (ultrasonic wave)의 미세 진동에 의해서 유도된 음향유동 (acoustic streaming)에 의한 공기대류를 이용한 새로운 냉각방법을 소개한다. 초음파 진동은 압전소자 (piezoelectric device)에 의해서 얻어지며 50 m 정도의 진동진폭을 얻기 위해 기계적 진동 증폭자인 혼 (horn)을 추가하여 전체 진동 시스템이 공진하도록 구성된다. 음향유동에 의한 열전달 효과의 상승을 측정하기 위해 열원 (heat source) 및 열원 주위의 대기의 온도변화를 실시간으로 측정하였다. 초음파 진동 시작 후 시간지연 없이 음향유동이 유도되어 진동자 주위의 대량의 공기유동으로 인한 급격한 온도감소가 관찰되었다. 또한 열원과 진동자와의 거리가 방사 (radiation)되는 음파 (sound wave)의 반파장 (half wave length)의 정배수가 될 때 열원의 냉각효과가 극대화됨을 실험적으로 관찰하였다. 이는 음파의 공진현상에 기인한 것으로 이론적 고찰을 통한 검증 또한 수행되었다. 음향유동을 이용한 냉각법의 장점은 초음파 진동을 이용하기 때문에 무소음이며 이동 형태의 부품이 없기 때문에 반영구적으로 사용할 수 있다. 또한 기존의 전기모터를 이용한 냉각팬 (cooling fan)으로는 냉각이 어려운 초소형 기전시스템 (MEMS)의 냉각법으로 사용될 수 있는 첨단 냉각방법이다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1988년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.799-801
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• 1988

This paper was studied on the effects of Ca-La-Nb substitution and Zr/Ti ratio variation to Pb(Zr, Ti)$O_3$ system on structural, electrical, optical and sound level characteristics in order to develope the piezoelectric and electrooptic ceramic devices. Also the specimens were prepared by the two stage sintering technique. The molecular formular was X($CaO{\cdot}1/4La_{2}O_{3}{\cdot}1/4Nb_{2}O_{5}){\cdot}(1-X)Pb(Zr_{Y}Ti_{1-Y})O_{3}$(x=100X, y=100Y), and the variation of x was $6{\sim}12$, y was 60${\sim}$49 and second stage sintering time was 20${\sim}$40 hours. The experimental results obtained from this study are as follows : 1. The density was decreased, the grain size was increased according to increase of Ca-La-Nb substitution. 2. The crystal structure was rhombohedral in composition 6/60/40, and the crystal structure was tetragonal and cubic according to increase of Ca-La-Nb substitution. 3. The Ca substitution of PZT system enhanced the sintering property. The Pb site vacancy resulting from the substitution of La-Nb increased the dielectrical constant, the piezoelectric charge constant, the dielectric loss and decreased the coercive field. 4. The resistivity of PZT system which has the P type conduction mechanism increased according to substitution of La-Nb because of the substituent acting as donor. 5. The PZT ceramics varied from ferroelectric substance according to increase of Ca-La-Nb substituent. The coercive field and saturation remanent polarization decreased, and at last straight line according to increase of La-Nb substitution. 6. The amount of Ca-La-Nb substitution to improve the light transmittance of speciment was 10 mol%, the Zr/Ti ratio was 49/51, and the second stage sintering time was 40 hours. 7. According to Ca-La-Nb substitution, the specimens was to be transparent. The 7.5/51/49 specimen was suitable for transparent sound vibrator because it had 58% light transmittance (thick 0.2[mm], wave length 700[mm]) and 48% electromechanical coupling factor.