• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.47-67
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• 2020

I explore that South Korea's major import fishery product markets-frozen hairtail, frozen mackerel, frozen pollock and frozen squid-are integrated by testing whether there is favorable evidence of the law of one price (LOP). Unlike previous studies on the LOP for fishery product markets, I assume non-zero import costs and include them in a trade model. To explore whether LOP holds for major import fishery product markets in South Korea with non-zero import costs, I utilize a non-linear time-series model, Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) model with the sample periods from January in 2002 to December in 2019. I find that the behaviors of home-foreign price (i.e., import price) differentials of all four major import fishery products are non-linear depending on whether trade occurs and favorable evidence of LOP for each import market in South Korea. These findings indicate that each of South Korea's major import fishery product markets is integrated. They imply that the supply of each major import fishery product-frozen hairtail, frozen pollock, frozen mackerel and frozen squid, and their prices are stable even if there is an economic shock on each market. When it comes to trade policy implications, the Korean trade policy including tariffs or quotas against their import countries for the four major import fishery products may not have influences on their price in the markets.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.127-135
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• 2020

The paper aims to examine whether business cycles affect the link between financial development and bank risk, measured by Zscore and non-performing loans to total loans in six Southeast Asian countries, namely Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. This study uses a sample of 95 listed commercial banks over a 15-year period between 2004 and 2018 in the six Southeast Asian countries. This study employs panel OLS regression and modifications to tackle issues such as endogeneity and heteroscedasticity. The results show that the impact of stock market development (the ratio of the market capitalization to GDP) on Zscore is significantly positive, whereas its effect on non-performing loans is significantly negative. The findings suggest that financial development, in terms of stock market capitalization, improves banks' Zscores and reduces their level of non-performing loans, suggesting that financial development on average reduces bank risk. The impact of business cycle is insignificant towards bank risk, thus rejecting both counter- and pro-cyclical hypotheses, except for the case of risk indicator of loan loss provisions. Examining the joint effect of the business cycle and financial development on bank risk, we find that the phase of business cycles generally does not moderate the link between financial development and bank risk.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.51
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• pp.391-414
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• 2011

The advance into the overseas markets of domestic enterprises has been increasing continuously. Brazil, for domestic companies, has been emerging as the huge potential country in the development of markets and resources. According to the reports from World Bank and Brazil government, one of the biggest difficulties of businesses in Brazil for foreign enterprises is the lack of Transportation Infrastructure and high logistics costs. However, until now, there is no professional institute and systematic DB in Korea to provide the overall information of Brazil logistics or details oriented to enterprises' needs; furthermore, enterprises have the difficulties to gather or investigation the logistics information by themselves due to the constraints of language and budget. For these reasons, with the latest data, this study reviews the overall information of Brazil logistics environment and provides the status of Brazil logistics that is necessary for enterprises to advance into Brazil market. Also, this explains the reason for why Brazil has such a high logistics cost with the objective data. In addition, this paper carried out the benchmarking case study as an example of logistics strategy and plan in Brazil. This study can contribute to serve as useful information for domestic enterprises which planning or doing business in Brazil.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.541-548
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• 2013

During the administration of a construction project, various types of participants are engaged in the project. From the design phase to the maintenance phase, these participants may confront many risks. To avoid these risks, participants should utilize an insurance company or a bond company. The types of risks and liability that a construction manager may face are listed in the construction law or contract. But there are some arguments related to risk transferring and the content of risks. For this reason, construction managers must carefully consider any possible risks in the contract and the construction law. Therefore, for construction managers to deal with risks appropriately, the introduction of a legal requirement to carry professional liability insurance, a defined compensation range for damages, a method of guarantee in the event of defects, a defined compensation claim period for damage, and a method of damage claim were suggested in this study.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.620-626
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to evaluate a simulation model of a stacking guidance system (SGS) with a roller guide applicable to the mobile harbor. The study used a small-scale model (1/20) made of wood with rollers in order to compare the dynamic analysis with experiment results. The law of similarity was applied for the validation of the scaled model. In order to construct a more realistic simulation model, the damping coefficient of the dynamic model was adjusted to 0.5 Ns/mm for the wood-to-wood contact condition based on the experimental results. Using this validated model, dynamic simulations were also carried out for containers of 20, 30, and 40 tons. The results showed that the reaction force of the roller guide was increased from 74.7 kN to 91.2 kN as the weight of container increased. For the design of a roller guide for SGS, the results obtained in this study can be used to reduce the reaction force by employing a rubber roller or a highly damped rotational joint.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.658-665
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• 2002

This paper presents a new winding method in electronic descaling (ED) technology. Conventional ED technology Produces an oscillating electric field via Faraday's law to provide the necessary molecular agitation to dissolve mineral ions. However, the proposed method produces an additional agitation force for mineral ions, called Lorentz's force. Experiments were performed using various Renolds numbers. A series of tests was conducted to measure the pressure drop across the test section and the overall heat transfer coefficient as a function of time. In order to accelerate the rate of fouling, artificial hard water, 1000ppm CaCO$_3$, was used throughout the tests. The results show that the new winding method accelerates the collision of the mineral ions, thereby improving the system efficiency. The present study can develope more effective fouling-removing equipment with change of estabishment method of coil.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.315-346
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• 2012

The legal relationship between patient and physician is legally equal relationship. But, in times past, patients be compelled to sign an unequal contract, substantially. Because of the imbalance between supply and demand in the health care market. Today, the law of supply and demand in the health care market is running well. And as the cognition of citizens' rights grows, the relationship between patient and physician can also get a lot of changes. Patients have the right to know the information about medical care, and to decide whether or not to get treatment including invasions against their own bodies. In other words, Doctors have an obligation to explain to their patients. If doctors did not provide patients sufficient explanation or information, it violates the right of patients. This is a tort, or a breach of contract. To improve the remedy for violation of patient's right, patient is able to be protected by status as consumer. If patient is a kind of consumer in terms of medical consumption, he/she as consumer can enjoy supplementally the consumer's right. The patient as a consumer can exercise now a consumer's right as a constitutional right. In addition, with respect to consumer's rights, Framework Act on Consumers was enacted. This Act is based on constitutional provisions of Article 124 and the Act can be seen as a law that embodies consumer right because the provision of the constitutional law delegates specific contents. In the health care field, patients need to win recognition the statue of the consumer to hold the sovereignty of the consumer. In particular, if patients are consumers, they may be able to make good use of the quickly and efficiently collective dispute resolution and association lawsuit to rescue their damage, the Alternative Dispute Resolution(ADR) of Framework Act on Consumers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.94-106
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to verify the use of Seo's Elderly Stress Scale (SESS), which was developed in 1996. Through the modified tool, it is possible to examine the stress of Korean elders and to contribute to the welfare of them. The subjects were 350 elders over 65 years old who live in Seoul, Kwang-Ju, Yang-Ju Gun Kyung-ki Do, Ui-Jong Bu, and Young-Am Kun, Jeun-Ra Nam Do. the data of 331 elders (94%) were analyzed. Data were collected between January and March in 1996 and analyzed using the SPSS Win 8.0. The result are as follows: 1. Items with low correlation with the total items were removed. So 27 items were removed and 37 items remained. This 37 items were death in the family and/or close friends, family member's behavior not meeting expectations, marriage of daughter, marriage of son, friction with daughter- in-law, argument among children, children refuse to live with parent, children leaving home, sex injury or accident, in frequest visits from children and grandchildren, providing care for your daughter or daughter-in-law post-partum, decrease in decision making and authority in home, Lunar new year and the harvest featival, house sitting, working in the house, performing a sacrificial rite, missed birthday, not living with the eldest son, decreased eyesight, decreased strength, decreased memory, sleep pattern changes, thoughts about death, loneliness, decreased hearing, change of dental condition, change in your diet or eating style, difficulty in self care, moving because of disease or aging, argument with friend or neighbour, travel, dealing with the procedure of heritage, loss of money or property, not enough pocket money, hearing on elderly neglect in television or radio, hope of going home and ignorant from others. 2. Overlapped items were discussed by colleagues and were modified. 'marriage of daughter' and 'marriage of son' were modified in 'marriage of children'. 'self injury or accidents' and 'family accidents' were modified in to self or family accidents. 3. Factor analysis was done in order to identify validity and three factors were obtained from the result. The first factor familial relation area, included 17 items. The second factor, physical area, included 9 items. The third factor, psycho-socio-economic area, included 9 items. Cronbach coefficient alpha for the 35 items was .923. 4. Pearson's correlation was .704 between SESS and SOS (Symptoms of Stress) in order to confirm construct validity. Based on the result, the following is suggested; 1. The modified SESS needs to be reverified with elder. 2. Korean elder's health promotion can be made by development of stress intervention which was accurately measured with SESS.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.553-566
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• 2015

Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers(ADCPs) have capability to concurrently capitalize three-dimensional velocity vector and bathymetry with highly efficient and rapid manner, and thereby enabling ADCPs to document the hydrodynamic and morphologic data in very high spatial and temporal resolution better than other contemporary instruments. However, ADCPs are also limited in terms of the inevitable unmeasured regions near bottom, surface, and edges of a given cross-section. The velocity in those unmeasured regions are usually extrapolated or assumed for calculating flow discharge, which definitely affects the accuracy in the discharge assessment. This study aimed at scrutinizing a conventional extrapolation method(i.e., the 1/6 power law) for estimating the unmeasured regions to figure out the accuracy in ADCP discharge measurements. For the comparative analysis, we collected spatially dense velocity data using ADV as well as stationary ADCP in a real-scale straight river channel, and applied the 1/6 power law for testing its applicability in conjunction with the logarithmic law which is another representative velocity law. As results, the logarithmic law fitted better with actual velocity measurement than the 1/6 power law. In particular, the 1/6 power law showed a tendency to underestimate the velocity in the near surface region and overestimate in the near bottom region. This finding indicated that the 1/6 power law could be unsatisfactory to follow actual flow regime, thus that resulted discharge estimates in both unmeasured top and bottom region can give rise to discharge bias. Therefore, the logarithmic law should be considered as an alternative especially for the stationary ADCP discharge measurement. In addition, it was found that ADCP should be operated in at least more than 0.6 m of water depth in the left and right edges for better estimate edge discharges. In the future, similar comparative analysis might be required for the moving boat ADCP discharge measurement method, which has been more widely used in the field.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2016

Recently, it is emphasized importance of family. The new family organize including husband and wife are created by caused marriage, they organize new family including wife's home and husband's home. As a result, they may experience about conflict or peace between new family and previous family. The research of family mainly have been studied in the social science side. However, because researchers of social science deals with linguistic emotion status, there is no mathematical modeling for family relationship. In this paper, one of the nonlinear research for social subject, we modify love model of Romeo and Juliet. Then we propose novel family relationship model for parent-in-law and daughter (or son)-in- law relation. We also confirm chaotic behavior or nonlinear behavior by time series and phase portrait.