• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.672-677
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• 2009

To reduce the dependence of wool dyeing on the temperature several solvents with different properties and structures were added to the dye bath of C. I. Acid Yellow 42. Nearly the same total solubility parameters(${\delta}_t$) of solvents as those of wool fiber and hydrophobic part of the dyestuff were needed to increase disaggregation of dye molecules, loosening the wool fiber and wickabilty of dyeing solution; besides, the large surface tension(${\gamma}$) value of the solvents and the well balanced values of the three-component Hansen solubility parameters such as dispersion(${\delta}_d$), polar(${\delta}_p$), and hydrogen(${\delta}_h$) bonding parameters were required. Among the added solvents dimethyl phthalate(DMP) and acetophenone(AP) were satisfied with these conditions and worked the most successfully in the low temperature wool dyeing. Their effectiveness proven by the dyeing rate and the activation energy ($E_a$) of the dyeing was in the order of DMP > AP > DBE > CH > M >NONE. In conclusion the total solubility parameters(${\delta}_t$), the three-component Hansen parameters and the surface tension(${\gamma}$) of DMP and AP could be the guidelines to select suitable solvents for low temperature wool dyeing.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.320-325
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• 2018

The sorption amounts of butanol/water and isopropanol/water solution on the surface modified with FASs (fluoroalkylsilanes) hydrophobic membrane were measured and analyzed using Hansen's solubility parameters. The difference of the solubility parameter of butanol (${\delta}_t=20.4$) and that of the surface modified with FASs hydrophobic membrane (${\delta}_t=16.9$) was greater than the case of isopropanol (${\delta}_t=24.6$), which might explain the result that the sorption amount of butanol was much higher than that of isopropanol. We might also explain the effect of the polar force (${\delta}_p$) on the sorption amount. The difference (${\Delta}$) between FASs polar force (${\delta}_p=4.6$) and butanol polar force (${\delta}_p=6.3$) was much smaller than that between FASs polar force (${\delta}_p=4.6$) and isopropanol polar force (${\delta}_p=9.0$), which meant that the interaction of butanol-FASs was much greater than that of isopropanol-FASs, and resulted in greater sorption amount of butanol on the FASs. This study showed Hansen's solubility parameters might be used for analysis of sorption characteristics of alcohol on membrane and solubility of solute in solvent.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1989

Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of the interface transfer of cefoperazone and its pivaloyloxymethyl ester were studied in a two-phase system composed of aqueous buffers and n-octanol by using the absolute reaction rate theory. In terms of the net thermodynamic parameters for the process, ${\Delta}S$ increased and ${\Delta}F$ decreased as the lipophilicity increased. With the increased ratio of forward $(k_f)$ to backward rate constants $(k_b)$, the ester was more lipophilic than cefoperazone, but the aqueous solubility was reduced.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 1989

The relationship between the solute retention and physical parameters describing the interaction between the solute and mobile phase was investigated to predict the solute retention easily in RPLC. The retention data of monosubstituted benzenes were measured on the $\mu$-Bondapak C18 and phenyl columns with methanol-water systems. The linear relationship between dielectric increment($\epdilon'$) and retention data was observed. When the solute form hydrogen bonding with solvent molecules, the slope of the ln k' vs. $\epdilon'$ plot is changed as the compositions is varied. The quadric relationship between mixed solvent solubility parameter ($\delta$M) and retention data was observed.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2003

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV) or dynamic vulcanizates are thermoplastic elastomers produced by simultaneous mixing and crosslinking of a rubber and a thermoplastic. The objective of the present work is to investigate the effects of different types of peroxides as curing agents on the properties of PP/EPDM TPVs. The mechanical properties change significantly with the chemical nature of the peroxides and the extent of crosslinking at a fixed PP/EPDM blend ratio. The tensile strength of the TPVs obtained with the various peroxides can be related to the solubility parameters of the polymers and of the peroxides. The Young's modulus of the peroxide-cured TPVs can be correlated with the delta torque values of equivalent thermoset EPDM vulcanizates, corresponding to the crosslinking efficiencies of the peroxides.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.149-153
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• 2006

An attempting to produce a p-type diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) using $Ti_{1-x}Co_xO_{2-\delta}-based$ thin films was made by suitable control of the deposition parameters including deposition temperature, deposition pressure, and doping level using a pulsed laser deposition method. T$Ti_{0.97}Co_{0.03}O_{2-\delta}-based$ (TCO) films deposited at $500^{\circ}C$ at a pressure of $5\times10^{-6}$ Torr showed an anomalous Hall effect with p-type characteristics. On the other hand, films deposited at $700^{\circ}C$ at $5\times10^{-6}$ Torr showed n-type behaviors by a decreased solubility of cobalt. The charge carrier concentration in the p-type TCO films was approximately $7.9\times10^{22}/cm^3$ at 300 K and the anomalous Hall effect in the p-type TCO films was controlled by a side-jump scattering mechanism. The magnetoresistance (MR), measured at 5 K in p-type TCO films showed a positive behavior in an applied magnetic field and the MR ratio was approximately 3.5 %. The successful preparation of p-type DMS using the TCO films has the potential for use in magnetic tunneling junction devices.