• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.80-86
• /
• 2002

졸참나무 (Quercus serrata), 맹종죽 (Phyllostachys pubescens) 및 소나무 (Pinus densiflora)로부터 제조한 미정제 초액의 휘발성 성분을 고상(固相) 미량추출(solid phase microextraction; SPME)법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이들 초액 중의 휘발성화합물 분석을 위하여 극성 (CBP 20) 및 무극성 (CBP 1) 칼람을 사용하였으며, 이로부터 총 264개의 피크를 검출하였다. 이들 성분들 중 주요 화합물은 2-butanone, acetic acid, guaiacol, phenol, 4-ethyl guaiacol, cresol류, 4-ethyl phenol, 그리고 syringol이었다. 무극성 칼람을 사용함에 의하여 7개의 성분, 즉, 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, ethisolide, furfuryl acetate, 1-(2-furanyl)-1-propane, 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, 1,2-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol, phenyl acetate를 새로이 동정할 수 있었다. 이 성분들 중 페놀류가 주성분이었으며, 휘발성 성분의 49~65%를 차지하였다. 죽초액의 경우 페놀류의 비율은 다른 두 목초액보다 낮았다. 그러나 중성화합물류 및 유기산류는 소나무 및 졸참나무로부터 제조한 목초액보다 그 비율이 더 높았다. 따라서 이들 죽초액과 목초액 간의 훈취의 차이는 목초액의 서로 다른 휘발성분의 함유량의 차이에 기인한다고 생각된다.

• 임산에너지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2005

목탄의 제조과정에서 발생되는 목타르의 신용도를 찾고자 목타르를 이용한 레졸형 페놀수지접착제를 제조하여, 합판에 대한 접착력 시험을 실시하였다. 소나무타르계 접착제는 미첨가 페놀접착제와 비교했을 때, 고형분, 점도와 같은 수지의 물성은 유사하였으며, 인장 전단 접착력에서도 비내수, 내수 모두 페놀접착제에 비해 크게 떨어지지 않았다. 그러나, 참나무타르계 접착제의 경우에서는 수지물성도 페놀수지와는 다른 물성을 보였으며, 내수접착력은 페놀접착제의 접착력에 비해 절반 정도의 낮은 접착력을 보였다. 포름알데히드 방출량은 목타르의 첨가량이 많을수록 많이 방출되었다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 2011년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.43-47
• /
• 2011

In woody waste separated from municipal solid waste, medium density fiberboard was major contributors with particleboard, paper, plywood and log, with different composition based on collected period. In chemical compositional analysis of woody waste, it was similar to softwood based on carbohydrate composition analysis. Based on the carbohydrate composition, saccharified solution from MWW could be good resource for biorefinery.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.71-73
• /
• 2008

Different biosolid fuel (wood pellet) properties between trunk and root of pine (Pinus densiflora) biomass were investigated. Trunk has more organic solvent extracts and Klason lignin content which has higher heating values than root biomass component. In root biomass, polysaccharides content was higher than trunk biomass. Based on Higher Heating Value (HHD) analysis and ash content, trunk biomass showed better solid fuel characteristics than root biomass. But pine root biomass had lower HHD than trunk biomass, its HHD values were higher than other hardwood or annual plant lignocellulosic biomass.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.12-20
• /
• 2007

Four kinds of natural dying solutions (natural colorant extracts)were obtained by extraction from sappan wood, black tea, peony, and clove using water as extracting solvent at $90^{\circ}C$ for 90 min with liquor ratio (solid natural colorant material/solvent water, weight ratio) of 1/10. The dyeing, colour fastness and deodorizing properties of fabrics (cotton, silk, and wool fabrics) dyed with natural colorant extracts were compared. It was found that these properties were significantly dependent on the concentration of extracts, the structure of colorant, and the kind of fabrics. The K/S value of dyed cotton fabric increased in the order of peony < sappan wood < clove < black tea, however, the values of dyed silk and wool fabrics were in the order of peony < sappan wood < black tea < clove. Colour fastness (light, water, and perspiration fastness) was in the range of 3 - 5 grade except for sappan wood. The deodorizing performance of fabrics dyed with various natural colorants extracts was in the range of 56 - 99%. The deodorizing performance increased in the order of peony < black tea < sappan wood < clove. Especially, the deodorizing performance of all fabrics dyed with clove was found to be the highest at 98-99%.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2001

Violin bridge blank cut from maple wood with good quality has typical pattern of the radial direction in the side edge with minimal dispersion. This experimental study was designed and carried out to examine the effect of the physical and macroscopical characteristics on the compressive creep of violin bridge blank which had been imported from European manufacturer. This research arose from the idea that the maple solid wood with heterogeneous wood density and ray direction in the side edge would have uneven rheological property of violin bridge blank which is supposed to be pressed by the tension of strings. Experimentally, the compressive creep of bridge blank became smaller with the higher density of imported maple wood and showed clear density-dependence for the duration of load under the string tension of 5 kgf. Every bridge blank showed the behavior of primary creep stage(stress stabilization) having logarithmic regression creep curve with high correlation coefficient under the designed stress level. Even though the relationship between compressive creep and ray direction on the side edge of bridge was not so clear contrary to expectation, we could conclude that wood density and ray direction should be the quality decisive factors affecting the acoustical characteristics and performance of the bridge, the core member of violin-family bow instruments.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.232-242
• /
• 2017

The objective of this study was to examine changes in the porosity and internal structure of wood as it goes through the process of saccharification (extraction of fermentable sugars). This study also examined the use of different drying methods to prepare samples for characterization of internal pores, with particular emphasis on the partially disrupted cell wall. Aspen wood flour samples after dilute acid pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis were examined for nitrogen adsorption. The resulting isotherms were analyzed for surface area, pore size distribution, and total pore volume. Results showed that freeze drying (with sample pre-freezing) maintains the cell wall structure, allowing for examination of saccharification effects. Acid pretreatment (hemicellulose removal) doubled the surface area and tripled the total volume of pores, which were mostly 10-20 nm wide. Subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis (cellulose removal) caused a 5-fold increase in the surface area and a ~ 11-fold increase in the total volume of pores, which ranged from 5 to 100 nm in width. These results indicate that nitrogen adsorption analysis is a feasible technique to examine the internal pore structure of lignocellulosic residues after saccharification. The information on the pore structure will be useful when considering value-adding options for utilizing the solid waste for biofuel production.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국막학회 1995년도 심포지움시리즈 Jan-95 산업용 여과집진막 제조 및 신응용
• /
• pp.135-159
• /
• 1995

Typical Solid Waste Stream Composition : Paper and paperboard (41%), Glass (8.2%), Metals (8.7%), Plastics (6.5%), Rubers, Leather, Textiles and Wood (8.1%), Food Wastes (7.9%), Yard Wastes (17.9%), Miscellaneous Inorganic Wastes (1.6%).

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 1987

In this study, I have tested the effects of the agents and dyeing conditions on the Brazil-wood dyestuff as one plant dyestuffs. According to the tests, I have fount that color differenciation depending opon the agents and procedual condtitions. As the agents, Alm induced redness and light yellowness by Aluminum Acetate, dark greenness or blueness by Ferrous chloride, dark redness by Stannous Chloride, dark grenness or blueness by Copperous Chloride, light yellowness or greenness by Calcium Dihydroxide. On the other hand, color-fastness differed from various mordant agents. The color-fastnes was solid using multiple agents than sole agent.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.360-365
• /
• 1992

고체 시료의 상전이 현상을 연구하기 위하여 온도 가변용 광음향 cell과 dewar를 제작하였고, 이 장치를 이용하여 wood's metal의 상전이 온도를 측정하였다. 실험 결과는 융점으로 알려진 343 K와 잘 일치하고, 잠열(latent heat)이 존재하는 1차 상전이임을 나타냈으며 supercooling 현상이 존재한다는 것을 알았다. 고체-액체 상전이와 같은 1차 상전이의 경우 잠열이 존재하며 이러한 잠열은 시료의 온도를 올리며 측정할 경우 상전이 온도 부근에서 광음향 신호의 급작스런 감소를 발생시킨다. 그러나 온도를 내릴 경우 광음향 신호에는 아무런 영향을 미치지 못하므로 광음향 측정은 상전이의 차수를 결정할 수도 있음을 물론, 고체의 상전이 현상 연구에 유용한 방법임을 입증하였다.