• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 1972

(1) A potent lypolytic strain was selected by an extensive screening test of microorganisms isolated from air and various soils on the medium containing olive oil as sole source of carbon. (2) Morphological and physiological characteristics of the selected strain had been investigated, and it has been identified to Trichosporon cutaneum in the manual of LODDER.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.197-200
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• 2003

In oil-contaminated environments, anaerobic biodegradation of toluene depended on the concentration and distribution of terminal electron acceptor as well as the physicochemical properties such as DO concentration, redox potential and pH. This study showed the anaerobic biodegradation of toluene in two different soils by using nitrate reduction, ferric iron reduction, sulfate reduction and methanogensis. Toluene degradation rates in the soil samples taken from rice filed and tidal mud flat by nitrate reduction were higher than those by other processes. Tho soil samples from the two fields were enriched for 130 days by providing toluene as a sole carbon source and nitrate or sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor. The toluene degradation rates in the enriched denitrifying consortia obtained from the rice field and tidal mud flat soil were 310.7 and 200.6 $\mu$mol$ L^{-1}$ / $d^{-1}$, respectively. The toluene (legradation rates in the enriched sulfate-reducing consortia from the fields ranged fi-om 149.1 to 86.1$\mu$mol $L^{-1}$ / $d^{-1}$ .

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.111-114
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• 2000

Streptomyces are widespread in nature and play a very important role in the biosynthesis as well as biodegradation of natural and unnatural aromatic compounds. Both qualitatively and quantitatively through TLC and UV spectrophotometric assays, it was observed that the thermophilic soil bacteria S. setonii (ATCC 39116), which can utilize a benzoate as a sole carbon and energy source in a minimal liquid culture, was not very sensitive to the benzoate concentation and to the culture conditions such as the pH and temperature. The in vitro conversion of a catechol to a cis, cis-muconic acid by a crude S. setonii lysate implies that the aromatic ring cleavage by S. setonii is initiated by a thermostable catechol-1,2-dioxygenase, the key enzyme in the ortho-cleavage pathway of aromatic compound biodegradation. Unlike non-degrading S. lividans, S.setonii was also highly resistant to other similar hazardous aromatic compounds, exhibiting almost no adverse effect on its growth in a complex liquid culture.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.459-463
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• 1997

A bacterium DGUM 2011 has been selected from various samples of industrial wastewater and soil. Based on the morphological and physiological characteristics, the isolate DGUM 2011 was identified as Rhodococcus sp. and named as Rhodococcus sp. DGUM 2011. The optimal temperature and pH for the cell growth of Rhodococcus sp. DGUM 2011 were 37$\circ$C and 7.6, respectively. When phenol was added to the minimal media as a sole source of carbon and energy, the concentrations of maximum and optimum for cell growth was 0.10% and 0.08%, respectively. When 0.05% phenol was given in the minimal media, Rhodococcus sp. DGUM 2011 completely utilize it within 24 hrs. The isolate could utilize benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoate, p-cresol, tyrosine and phloroglucinol. The isolate possessed both catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and 2,3-dioxygenase activity. However, the activity of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase was much higher than that of 2,3-dioxygenase, which suggests that the isolate might degrade phenol via both ortho- and meta-cleavage, mainly via ortho-cleavage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 1992

In order to broaden the spectrum of substrate utilization of a Gram negative bacterium Zymomonas mobilis which has a great potential as an industrial ethanol producing microorganism, cloning of $\alpha$-amylase gene into Z. mobilis ZM4 was tried. The $\alpha$-amylase gene was isolated from Bacillus stearothermophilus. By Southern blot analysis, it was proven that the $\alpha$-amylase gene fragment was originated from a naturally occuring plasmid of B. stearothermophilus ATCC 31195. To place $\alpha$-amylase gene under the control of Z. mobilis promoter, two different Z. mobilis expression vectors, pZA26 and pLOI204, were used. The truncated $\alpha$-amylase gene was then introduced into these vectors. Both qualitative and quantitative activities of $\alpha$-amylase were observed in Z. mobilis cells harboring these plasmids with the $\alpha$-amylase gene inserted. Gas chromatographic analysis of ethanol showed that one of the Z. mobilis transconjugants was capable of producing 67 mM ethanol from rich medium(RM) containing 5% soluble starch as a sole carbon source.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.94-99
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• 1991

- The further study for the identification of the previously reported pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacterium (PPFM) GL-10 was carried out. The PPFM GL-10 was Gram nagative, rod, and motile by a single polarly inserted flagellum. The colonies were smooth, pink, circular, along with convex with entire margin. The isolate could utilize C1 compounds and a variety of multicarbon substrates as sole carbon and energy source. The isolate was obligately aerobic, and exhibited both catalase and oxidase activities. The deoxyribonucleic acid base composition was 65-67 mol% guanine plus cytosine. The isolate was mostly identical with Methylobacterium extorquens and named Methylobacterium sp. strain GL-10. Methylobacterium GL-10 accumulated a copolyester of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate (poly-3HB/3 HV) when grown in nitrogen-free culture media containing sodium propionate as substrate at the second polyester accumulation stage. The composition of copolyester, as determined from $^1h$ NMR spectra, was 23 mol% of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.347-352
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• 1998

A new strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa growing in a rice field contaminated with herbicide and effluents of a factory manufacturing explosives was isolated. This isolate showed excellent growth in unusually high concentration of acrylamide (60 mM). It utilized acrylamide as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen for growth. Other amides such as acetamide, butyramide, isobutyramide, and methacrylamide were also utilized for the growth by this isolate. Acrylamide was degraded into acrylic acid and ammonia by the enzyme amidase. More than $65\%$ of added acrylamide (40 mM) was converted into acrylic acid after 40 h of growth of the culture. Amidase activity was inducible, the highest activity being observed with isobutyramide ($12.5{\mu}M$ ammonia/mg protein/min). These results demonstrate that this bacterium can degrade a variety of amides.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.137-141
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• 1998

A chemical has been aging in soil environment is more less bioavailable than freshly added chemical. The amount of bioavailability of the aged chemical is different by bacterial strains. The difference could be depend on physiochemical properties of each strain. Phenanthrene was employed as an aged chemical. Seven bacteria were isolated from activated sludge and petroleum disposed soil. These strains were able to degrade phenanthrene and to grow using phenanthrene as a sole carbon source. According to the result of materialization and chemical extraction experiment, the bioavailable amount of aged phenanthrene which has been aged in Lima loam is different by each bacteria. Several physiochemical properties of each strain were tested to certify correlation with their different amount of bioavailability.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.495-500
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• 1992

Photosynthetic bacteria which can utilize ferulate as a sole carbon source for their metabolic activities were isolated from soils by liquid enrichment culture technique. The strain P-1 was selected by the highest capability of degrading ferulate in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The strain P-1 was rod-shaped with its motility, strained gram negatively and could not utilize sulfur compounds. This strain has the bacteriochlorophyll a group I carotenoid and membrane structures like lamellae. As the results of physiological, morphological and cultural charactderistics, the isolate was identified as Rhodopseudomonas plaustris, one of the purple nonsulfer bacteria. The strain P-1 utilized 2mM/day in aerobic condition and 0.86 mM/day in anaerobic condition.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.394-399
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• 1986

From the lysates of the 7 selected strains of Pseulomonas utilizing 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyactate as a sole source of carbon and energy, several MCPA plasmids, which encodes genes for the degradation of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetate, were isolated, and measured their molecular weight as well as genetic characters such as resistance to antibiotics and degradative ability of other chlorinated herbicides. Transmissibility of the MCPA plasmids, pKU1, pKU15, and pKU17 was tested by conjugation or transformation and the restriction pattern of pKU15 for Pvu II, Hind III, EcoR I, Xho I, Bgl II, and Ava II was analyzed.