• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

Social engineering attack means to get information of Social engineering attack means to get information of opponent without technical attack or to induce opponent to provide information directly. In particular, social engineering does not approach opponents through technical attacks, so it is difficult to prevent all attacks with high-tech security equipment. Each company plans employee education and social training as a countermeasure to prevent social engineering. However, it is difficult for a security officer to obtain a practical education(training) effect, and it is also difficult to measure it visually. Therefore, to measure the social engineering threat, we use the results of social engineering training result to calculate the risk by system asset and propose a attack graph based probability. The security officer uses the results of social engineering training to analyze the security threats by asset and suggests a framework for quick security response. Through the framework presented in this paper, we measure the qualitative social engineering threats, collect system asset information, and calculate the asset risk to generate probability based attack graphs. As a result, the security officer can graphically monitor the degree of vulnerability of the asset's authority system, asset information and preferences along with social engineering training results. It aims to make it practical for companies to utilize as a key indicator for establishing a systematic security strategy in the enterprise.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1707-1718
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• 2009

This study examines the effects of perceived risks on purchase decision behavior among Internet fashion consumers. The study survey used a self-administered questionnaire and a total data of 244 responses were used for analysis. The results of this study are as follows: First, the perceived risks consist of 6 factors, quality risk, counterfeit product risk, credit dealing risk, social/psychological risk, size and appearance risk, and delivery risk. The purchase decision behavior consist of 3 factors, delay of purchase decision, website switching, and offline conversion behavior. Second, purchase time positively affected the quality risk and credit dealing risk. Purchase frequency negatively affected the quality risk and credit dealing risk. Third, the quality risk, size and appearance risk, counterfeit product risk, and credit dealing risk positively affected the delay of purchase decisions. Quality risk and counterfeit product risk positively affected website switching. In addition, quality risk, social/psychological risk, and credit dealing risk positively affected the offline conversion behavior. Fourth, credit dealing risk negatively affected a short term purchase intention and the delivery risk negatively affected a long term purchase intention. The social/psychological risk and credit dealing risk negatively affected the repurchase intention.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.953-965
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the benefits of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance on corporate risk in controversial and non-controversial industries. The hypothesis of this study is based on the conflicting effects of industry type on CSR and firm risk. The research sample consisted of 927 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2019. The main method for data processing was the ordinary least square method and subgroup analysis as a robustness test. The findings suggest that the performance of CSR can reduce corporate risk. However, the impact was only significant for non-controversial firms and weakened for controversial industries. These results support risk management and signaling theory. Firm risk in this study reflects the company's total risk, further research can categorize it into systematic and idiosyncratic risk. Besides, the number of samples of controversial industry research is not as much as non-controversial; further research can use paired samples. Regulators can use the results to create a new policy regarding CSR implementation. This study contributes to the existing literature by showing that the ability of social responsibility to reduce corporate risk only works in non-controversial industries. This result may be due to the controversial industry receiving negative stigma from its stakeholders.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.746-757
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the internet perceived risk segments in regard to clothing benefits sought, internet shopping attitude, and internet purchase intention. The subjects used for the study were 210 male and 338 female college students. The internet perceived risk consisted of size/defect risk, social psychological risk, privacy risk, delivery risk, and price risk. The clothing benefits sought had impression improvement, fashion, individuality, figure flaws compensation, and comfort factors. The results showed that consumers were segmented by four groups based on internet perceived risk factors : 1) privacy risk group, 2) size risk group. 3) low risk group, and 4) price/social psychological risk group. The four segmented groups differed in regard to clothing benefits sought, internet shopping attitude, and internet purchase intention. For example, in regard to clothing benefits sought, the price/social Psychological risk group sought fashion more than other groups. The low risk group considered figure flaws compensation benefit less important than other groups. Concerning internet shopping attitude, the low risk group had more favorable altitude toward trust, safety, diversity, exchange/return attributes of internet shopping than other groups. The privacy risk group had more favorable attitude toward convenience and price attributes of internet shopping. Regarding internet purchase intention, the low risk group had higher intention to purchase formal, casual, and sportswear. The size risk group had higher intention to purchase fashion accessories. Further group differences and implications of the results were discussed.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.574-589
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• 2016

This research investigates the characteristics of the mobile social commerce and explores the moderating effects of perceived risk and price sensitivity. This survey targeted consumers in their 20s to 30s who use mobile social commerce applications. We used 261 questionnaires for the final statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were applied in the data analysis. The results are summarized as follows. First, characteristics of mobile social commerce are composed of economics, informativeness, entertainment and promotion. Second, perceived risk (which had a negative effect on purchase intention) had moderating effects between perceived risk and economics or entertainment. Third, price sensitivity (which had a positive effect on purchase intention) had a moderating effect between price sensitivity and promotion. This study contributes to the disclosure of the role of perceived risk and price sensitivity as moderating factors between the characteristics of mobile social commerce and purchase intention. Finally, useful implications (both academic and practical) are provided for fashion retail managers.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2011

This study was to examine the level of cognition, emotion, and social context of young children's injury risk behavior according to age and gender. The participants were 150 children of 3 to 5 years old(boys were 75 and girls were 75). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA. The results were as follows; 1) 5 year old children knew potential injury risk better than 3 or 4 year old children. 2) Boys felt less afraid than girls on risk situation. 3) As age increased, the score of social context was higher. The score of social context of boys was higher than that of girls.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

소셜미디어의 정치사회적인 활용도가 높아짐에 따라 소셜빅데이터 기반 온라인 동향분석 및 모니터링 기술에 대한 수요 역시 급증하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 요구에 부합, 특히 여론 형성의 악영향을 끼치는 부정적 이슈 탐지를 위해 사회적으로 파장이 큰 이슈 중 공공여론이 부정적으로 형성될 이슈를 '리스크'로 정의하고 세부 유형을 분류한다. 리스크 유형 정의를 위해 뉴스 문서집합을 대상으로 전수조사를 실시하였으며, 이슈 분야 즉 도메인별 특성을 파악하여 세부 유형을 정의한다. 또한 뉴스와 같은 공적미디어를 통해 정의된 리스크 유형이 개인화된 소셜 미디어에 나타난 리스크 유형과 어떤 차이가 있는지를 알아보기 위해 교차분석을 수행한다. 조사 결과에 따라 6개의 도메인별로 58개의 세부 유형을 정의하고 기계학습 방법을 통해 자동 분류 학습 모델을 구축한다. 실험 결과를 통해 소셜 미디어에 나타난 사회적 이슈 리스크를 자동으로 탐지, 분류가 가능함을 보인다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2013

Along with the recent development of Social Network Service (SNS), such as Facebook and Twitter, social commerce market is expanding rapidly. As much, understanding consumers' purchase intention in social commerce becomes important. This study attempted to investigate the factors of consumers' purchase intention, and the effects of these determinants(price discount, perceived risk and product review) on consumer's purchasing intension in social commerce networks. Also, the interaction effects between these factors on consumer's purchasing intension were studied. The results showed that the effect of perceived risk on consumer's purchase intention found to be significantly negative. The interaction effect between price discount and perceived risk, and the interaction effect between price discount and review were meaningful on consumers' purchase intention. It indicates that the important factor for consumers to purchase products in social commerce is not just price discount but perceived risk, and that review which consumers think is manipulated has negative effect on purchase intention.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.338-347
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• 2022

Purpose: The incidence of high-risk pregnancies is increasing in Korea as the birth age increases due to late marriage. Maternal-fetal attachment is an important factor that affects children even after childbirth, but it is difficult for high-risk pregnant women to form maternal-fetal attachment. The current study aimed to explore whether taegyo practice (i.e., pregnant women's efforts for fetal good growth and development), self-esteem, and social support influenced the degree of maternal-fetal attachment in women with high-risk pregnancies. Methods: The participants included 226 pregnant Korean women at ≥20 gestational weeks, hospitalized with 15 high-risk pregnancy conditions as defined by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Recruitment via convenience sampling was done at four sites in Busan, Korea. Surveys were distributed and collected from February 1 to 28, 2022. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the t-test, one-factor analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: On average, participants were 33.97±4.23 years of age and at 31.65±6.23 gestational weeks. Preterm labor (35.4%) and gestational diabetes (21.0%) were the most common high-risk conditions. Maternal-fetal attachment was positively correlated with taegyo practice (r=.70, p<.001), self-esteem (r=.53, p<.001), and social support (r=.53, p<.001), all with statistical significance. Taegyo practice (β=.50, p<.001) and social support (β=.17, p=.030) explained 53% of variance in maternal-fetal attachment in women with high-risk pregnancies. Conclusion: Nurses caring for women with high-risk pregnancies during hospitalization can use these findings by promoting taegyo practice and enhancing social support to increase maternal-fetal attachment.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.114-127
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 소셜커머스를 이용하는 외식소비자들을 대상으로 재이용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 지각된 위험과 상품구매 시 가격을 고려하는 정도인 가격의식성을 제시하여 영향관계를 검증해 보고자 한다. 이러한 검증결과를 통해 외식소비자들의 소셜커머스에 대한 행동의도를 파악하여 외식소셜커머스 관련 업체들의 마케팅전략 수립 시 활용할 수 있는 유용한 실무적 시사점을 제공하는데 본 연구의 목적을 두고자 한다. 연구의 공간적 범위와 조사대상은 소셜커머스에서 외식상품을 구매한 경험이 있는 전국의 20세 이상 남녀 내국인 거주자로 하였으며, 표본추출을 위한 소셜커머스 업체는 연간 방문자 수 기준으로 2014년 쇼핑 앱 순위에서 1위를 차지한 쿠팡으로 선정하였다. 조사대상자 중에서 쿠팡을 이용해 외식상품을 구매한 경험이 있는 지를 사전질문을 통해 파악한 후 경험이 있다고 응답한 사람을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 정보위험과 개인보안위험, 심리적 위험, 시간손실위험은 재이용의도에 부정적인 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났으나 사회적 위험과 재무적 위험은 아무런 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 가격의식성은 재이용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 외식소비자들의 지속적인 소셜커머스 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 지각된 위험과 가격의식성의 중요성을 규명하였다.