• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.106-116
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• 2011

USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) environment permits us to access whatever information we want, whenever we want. The technologies to provide a basement to these environments premise an accurate location establishment. Especially, ITS(Intelligent Transportation Systems) is easily constructed by applying USN technology. Localization can be categorized as either Range-based or Range-free. Range-based is known to be not suitable for the localization based on sensor network, because of the irregularity of radio propagation and the additional device requirement. The other side, Range-free is much appropriated for the resource constrained sensor network because it can actively locate by means of the communication radio. But, generally the location accuracy of Range-free is low. Especially, it is very low in a low-density environment. So, these two methods have both merits and demerits. Therefore, it requires a new method to be able to improve tracking accuracy by combining the two methods. This paper proposes the tracking scheme based on range-hybrid, which can markedly enhance tracking accuracy by effectively using the information of surrounding nodes and the RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication) that does not require additional hardware. Additionally, we present a method, which can improve the accuracy of vehicle tracking by adopting the prediction mechanism. Simulation results show that our method outperforms other methods in the transportation simulation environment.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.94-106
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• 2012

In recent years, the risks and uncertainties associated with mixed used development in urban regeneration projects which have actively been implemented at home and abroad have been on the rise due to the uncertainties of the initial business plan, difficulty of financing, increase in total cost and schedule delay. To cope with rapid social and economic changes and optimize benefits, a risk-based configuration management process that considers life cycle is required, along with accurate planning in the early stage of the business. In addition, it is necessary to prepare measures that can respond to the evaluation and measurement of the configuration factors in relation to the business process. However, the focus of previous studies on configuration management in the field of construction was mainly on humanities and the sociological aspects such as organization, leadership, ideology and similar concepts. There has been limited research on the process and measurement and evaluation methods for configuration factors required in decision-making on the risks and changes that can occur in the actual project implementation phase. Accordingly, in this study, we defined risk-based configuration factors and developed a process and MECA/3DAM/CII methodology to measure and evaluate these factors so as to carry out systematic configuration management of mixed used development in urban regeneration projects.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

AI technology has developed in the form of decision support technology in law, patent, finance and national defense and is applied to disease diagnosis and legal judgment. To search real-time information with Deep Learning, Big data Analysis and Deep Learning Algorithm are required. In this paper, we try to predict the entrance rate to high-ranking universities using a Deep Learning model, RNN(Recurrent Neural Network). First, we analyzed the current status of private academies in administrative districts and the number of students by age in administrative districts, and established a socially accepted hypothesis that students residing in areas with a high educational fever have a high rate of enrollment in high-ranking universities. This is to verify based on the data analyzed using the predicted hypothesis and the government's public data. The predictive model uses data from 2015 to 2017 to learn to predict the top enrollment rate, and the trained model predicts the top enrollment rate in 2018. A prediction experiment was performed using RNN, a Deep Learning model, for the high-ranking enrollment rate in the special education zone. In this paper, we define the correlation between the high-ranking enrollment rate by analyzing the household income and the participation rate of private education about the current status of private institutes in regions with high education fever and the effect on the number of students by age.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

The interest in renewable energy which can reduce greenhouse gas emissions has risen in the world including Korea. In Korea, solar energy generation accounts for a major percentage of electricity production using renewable energy and the solar power plants have been increasingly installed in Korea. The problem is, however, that researches on the location selection of solar power plants are unreasonably insufficient although the photovoltaic technology of the domestic solar power plants has been evolving. Thus, advanced solar energy technology could not be fully used. What is more, the indiscriminate installation of the solar power plants seriously damages the nature environment. In this study, conditions of the power plants location are analyzed in consideration of the social, cultural, environmental, economic factors and the optimum location is selected by visualizing and weighing various factors through the analytic hierarchy process. This study shows that the problem caused by the indiscriminate installation of a solar power plant could be prevented by determining the location after considering the influence of several factors. This paper would be helpful not only for the selection of location for solar plant installation in progress, but also for taking follow-up measures on the existing solar power plants placed wrongly.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.208-220
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• 2011

Korean traditional practice that gets a gravesite for burial and reckless grave establishment not only obstructs systematic national land management and reasonable urban development, but also causes a serious factor which has a harmful effect on natural environment and residential space in reality that our country is limited in area and national and social bases for use and establishment of graves are still inadequite. Though government and local governments have tried to cope with these problems by enacting legislation on funeral and others and so forth, they still have a variety of problems due to the shortage of grave management systems and information of accumulated individual graves. This study describes about the development of a GIS-based grave management system for making administrative management for individual cemeteries the prime object. As a result of application to a pilot area, the system developed in this study was able to be applied for supporting the time-limited burial system and managing cemeteries for those who left no relatives behind by constructing the database with grave-related position/attribute information which are collected by administrative system or direct survey. In addition, it is expected that this system will be utilized as a systematic management method that can be handed down the present or the future descendants under the tradition of the family-oriented funeral culture.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.67-77
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• 2010

Growth of oil and chemical industries has been remarkable during recent years. Hazardous materials (Hazmat) make frequent use in the wide range of industries. It increases the frequency of Hazmat transport and it leads to increase the number of accidents. Optimal Hazmat routes can reduce damage. Thus, the objective of this study is to minimize the areas impacted by Hazmat accidents by adopting experts' opinion in planning the route. We calculated weights using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and deduced the best route by applying this weights. Results showed that in the case of shortest route versus weighted route, the percentage of population damage has been decreased by 33.4% in the comparison between shortest route and optimally weighted route. And the percentage of environmental damage also has been decreased by 21.8%. Social damage has been decreased by 1521.7%. In the case of none weighted route versus weighted route, the percentage of population damage has been decreased by 2.6% when we adopted weighted route. Consequently, the recommended route with weighted risk assessment avoids densely populated area comparing with none weighted route. Further research needs to be carried out in order to figure out the specific cost-effectiveness analysis applying the equal cost unit for each factor.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.44-54
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• 2005

Most advanced countries in GIS field have established and managed georeferenced socioeconomic data systematically and made a great profit on various social and economic areas. In Korea, however, socioeconomic geographical information is relatively poor compared to systems related to geographical and topographical features. This is mainly due to the characteristics of the process from the construction to the utilization of socioeconomic data. That is, from the stage of data construction, socioeconomic data require solutions for frequent changes compared to data on geographical and topographical features and, because of difficulties in marking the positions of individual entities, information is built up through setting appropriate spatial units of aggregation. In the stage of data utilization, the data often need to be combined with other types of socioeconomic data due to the complexity of socioeconomic phenomena. Thus, the this study examined usability of GIS in socioeconomic fields and the spatial dimension of socioeconomic information through representative cases of GIS in developed countries and, based on the results, derived data requirements for socioeconomic GIS found in the construction and utilization of data and proposed solutions for the requirements.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.903-911
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• 2019

The multi-utility tunnel is one of the essential social infrastructures, but it is difficult to establish the multi-utility tunnel due to the scale of the National Land Planning and Utilization Act (2 million square meters). In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of establishing the multi-utility tunnel in the existing city in order to activate the multi-utility tunnel installation. For the feasibility analysis, the scale was classified into four categories based on related laws, and related indicators were selected and evaluated using feasibility and economic analysis. Three kinds/four kinds of suitable multi-utility tunnel for the scale of the existing city were shown, and five kinds of multi-utility tunnel were considered suitable for the new city over 2 million square meters. The results of the overall score evaluation of the tunnel type of the existing city and the open type of the new city of 2 million square meters or more, which is the obligation to install the multi-utility tunnel, do not show much difference and suggest the validity of the installation of the multi-utility tunnel in various scale of the existing city.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.33 no.5_2
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• pp.689-698
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• 2017

In this paper, a new classification method based on the combination of semi-supervised learning with spatial similarity of adjacent pixels is presented for crop classification in inaccessible areas. Iterative classification based on semi-supervised learning is applied to extract reliable training data from both the initial classification result with a small number of training data, and classification results of adjacent pixels are also considered to extract new training pixels with less uncertainty. To evaluate the applicability of the proposed method, a case study of the classification of field crops was carried out using multi-temporal Landsat-8 OLI acquired in the Daehongdan region, North Korea. From a case study, the misclassification of crops and forests, and isolated pixels in the initial classification result were greatly reduced by applying the proposed semi-supervised learning method. In addition, the combination of classification results of adjacent pixels for the extraction of new training data led to the great reduction of both misclassification results and isolated pixels, compared to the initial classification and traditional semi-supervised learning results. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed method would be effectively applied to classify areas in which it is difficult to collect sufficient training data.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.266-273
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• 2016

Objectives: This study evaluated the virucidal efficacy against avian influenza virus (AIV) of a disinfectant spray containing 0.25% grapefruit seed extract, 0.2% citric acid, 0.0625% malic acid and 0.0125% benzalkonium chloride. Methods: The disinfectant spray was diluted several times with hard water (HW) and organic matter (OM). Two point five mL of each diluent was added into each test tube, and 2.5 mL of AIV suspension was inserted into each test tube. After 30 minutes of virus-disinfectant contact reaction at $4^{\circ}C$, 2.5 mL of 10% inactivated fetal bovine serum was added into each test tube to neutralize the sanitizer efficacy. The neutralized solutions were serial 10-fold dilutions with phosphate buffer solution, and 0.2 mL of the diluents was injected into the allantoic cavity of five ten-day-old-chickens per dilution time. After incubation of the embryos for five days, the viability of the AIV was examined by hemagglutination titer. The valid dilution of the disinfectant spray was estimated according to the dilution time that the virus titer was inactivated more than $10^4$ 50% egg-infective dose (EID50)/mL compared with pathogen control. Results: In HW and OM conditions, the valid dilutions of the disinfectant spray against AIV were seven- and three-fold dilutions, respectively. The AIV titer of the pathogen control was more than 6.1 log10EID50/mL, and there was no embryonic toxicity. Conclusion: The present study showed that this disinfectant spray has effective virucidal activity against AIV.