• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.225-230
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• 2008

High-rise and high-density apartment complexes has been built and supplied on a large scale in the metropolis and metropolitan areas since 1980s in order to solve housing shortage in cities. Recently they are raising deterioration problems for aging more than 20 years. moreover, those problems show very special characters such as simultaneity and a large scale. The purpose of this study is to propose a direction for the development of the evaluating indicators to measure the level of deterioration of apartments. The level of deterioration of apartments can be evaluated by housing performance. In order to evaluate the deterioration comprehensively, the housing performance indicators should be developed on the social, economical, and physical dimension. This study analyzed the concept of the apartment deterioration and compared housing performance indicators through literature review. First of all, when considering various factors in the evaluation of the deteriorated apartments, such as evaluating ranges, attributes and dimensions, housing performance indicators should be structured with the hierarchical framework. Second, housing performance indicators evaluating the level of deterioration of apartments should include social, psychological, and cultural aspects of home environments in order to understand adequately the attitude of the middle class toward services that apartments provide. Third, in previous researches, most criteria have been developed and weighted based on only expert opinions regarding performance indicators. So, It is necessary to include residents' opinions in developing performance indicators since they can provide more practical and feasible aspects the experts could not experience or understand.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.191-205
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to identify the homelike design characteristics of elderly housing facility. To investigate what the preference of physical design characteristics are, interview was done by unstructured questionnaire to 30 middle aged and middle income group housewives living in Seoul. It was identified that preferred homelike physical characteristics of the houses were composed of 4 themes, housing types, building appearences and garden, floor plan and natural and social environments of its location. Their desirable housing standard was amenity which is the highest level of home environment. In their later life, they wanted to live in vicinity of Seoul to enjoy cultural benefits of the city and active outdoor activities in sunny, natural suburban environment. They liked a spacious, clean and bright color with natural material furnishings. Each architectural design expression of 4 themes was suggested.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.198-208
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• 2010

The object of this paper is to observe concepts and forms of public art projects that have been performed so far since 2000 by the domestic Non-Government Organizations (NGO) and the Government. For public art to improve social awareness of practical power to change human life and the environments of social, political, cultural and economic by providing a smooth communication flow to the community and help them reach a new level. Therefore, in this paper, we try to find out the status and diagnosis of domestic public art projects and make recommendations that public art should focus on community not itself for the future direction.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.41
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• pp.45-54
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• 2003

An architecture as a creative work can be expressed through its diverse conditions, such as humanitarian and social factors, the natural environments and also the each situations of that period. Thus, architects create their work based upon the experience that they have achieved in the past as well as the informations they have accumulated over the time. By this process architects used to achieve the design they hope to aim, whether it is made intentionally or not. This means that architects used to understand their works as it have the factors of the consciousness and the unconsciousness. This research looks to achieve a new design method by finding out how architects express the tradition in contemporary architecture through a psychoanalytic point of view. Hence, this research shall be a significance if it is applied to the process of modern architectural work with tradition concepts.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.58
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• pp.49-88
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• 2021

Contemporary literary writers engage in multiple jobs and activities in the changing industrial and institutional environments to manage careers and produce literary value. The notion of art entrepreneurship envisages writers as the actors pursuing optimal rewards at both literary and economic levels by applying creative knowledge and skills to the management of career. In contrast, the notion of creative labor argues that writers go through career insecurity as they pursue self-fulfillment through work. This paper critically reviews two notions and suggests the notion of cultural intermediaries to better understand their production of literary value within the variety of relational contexts where they are situated. This paper analyzes the structures and characteristics of a wide range of intermediary practices by literary writers. Based on the analysis, I argue that the autonomy of literary value the writers construct and their status of entrepreneur-labourer are contingent upon the relational contexts within which they practice the intermediary work. I also suggest that literary writers by utilizing a variety of tactics cope with the changes that shape the autonomy of literature and invent new roles and identities as cultural intermediaries. Furthermore, literary writers develop not only self-management skills to adapt to the changing environments but also the collective capacity to cope with the constraints derived from the structural change of literary production and circulation. Finally, I argue that the art management discipline can reflect upon and support the creative endeavors of literary writers by embracing the critical understanding of structural changes suggested by the disciplines of humanities and social sciences.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.189-198
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the occupational performance of Korean workers with and without hearing loss and analyze the hearing-related difficulties in the working environment. Subjects and Methods: The Amsterdam checklist for hearing and work was used for the analyses and the occupational environments of the Korean workers were investigated. Out of 129 total participants, 86 workers experienced severe to profound hearing loss and 43 had the normal hearing ability. The hearing-impaired workers were recruited from two leading vocational centers and normal-hearing workers were their colleagues. Results: The hearing-impaired workers were found to take fewer sick leaves and exhibited higher rates of permanent job statuses compared to the normal-hearing workers. Workers with hearing loss rarely detected background sound; however, they could perceive reverberation more frequently. They felt more satisfied with their careers than the normal hearing workers as they received social support and needed to put their effort into hearing for most hearing activities. Furthermore, the effort in hearing increased with the increase in job demand, job control, social support, and career satisfaction. The working hours per week increased with the increase in age, education level, job demand, job control, and social support. Different trends were observed in 9 out of 12 variables while comparing the data from the present study with that obtained from the hearing-impaired workers of the Netherlands, indicating a large difference between countries. Conclusions: Although the hearing-impaired Korean workers operate diligently with good job positions, it is necessary to enhance their acoustic environment and provide them social support. Considering the cultural background of the hearing-impaired workers, the development of suitable vocational rehabilitation programs and specific questionnaires is strongly recommended worldwide.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.189-199
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the occupational performance of Korean workers with and without hearing loss and analyze the hearing-related difficulties in the working environment. Subjects and Methods: The Amsterdam checklist for hearing and work was used for the analyses and the occupational environments of the Korean workers were investigated. Out of 129 total participants, 86 workers experienced severe to profound hearing loss and 43 had the normal hearing ability. The hearing-impaired workers were recruited from two leading vocational centers and normal-hearing workers were their colleagues. Results: The hearing-impaired workers were found to take fewer sick leaves and exhibited higher rates of permanent job statuses compared to the normal-hearing workers. Workers with hearing loss rarely detected background sound; however, they could perceive reverberation more frequently. They felt more satisfied with their careers than the normal hearing workers as they received social support and needed to put their effort into hearing for most hearing activities. Furthermore, the effort in hearing increased with the increase in job demand, job control, social support, and career satisfaction. The working hours per week increased with the increase in age, education level, job demand, job control, and social support. Different trends were observed in 9 out of 12 variables while comparing the data from the present study with that obtained from the hearing-impaired workers of the Netherlands, indicating a large difference between countries. Conclusions: Although the hearing-impaired Korean workers operate diligently with good job positions, it is necessary to enhance their acoustic environment and provide them social support. Considering the cultural background of the hearing-impaired workers, the development of suitable vocational rehabilitation programs and specific questionnaires is strongly recommended worldwide.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.3-11
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• 2009

As de-schooling students (students who leave schools) have been produced and increased in middle and high schools every year since 1990s, urban alternative schools have founded with Seoul as the center. The objects of such urban alternative schools are de-schooling teenagers, and their educational goal is to make the students to discover their own values and grow as members of the community by accomplishing their healing and growth. Most of students in alternative schools have excessive self-centered feeling than ordinary people, and since they don't have exchanges with others, they have to receive holistic healing along with education. Here, 'healing' is a method of approaching to health through environmental, psychological, social and cultural supports unlike 'treatment' used for medical means. Therefore, holistic healing for alternative schools' students has to accomplish self-knowledge, self-control, and self-healing without repulsion through spaces of healing environments instead of heavy-handed exchanges. This study has integrated a theory of Max $L{\ddot{u}}scher$ who suggested a psychological healing theory in terms of internal character and a theory of Rudolf Steiner who suggested it in terms of practical and holistic sense and analyzed Sungmisan School, one of urban alternative schools in Seoul through the integrated theory. The analysis of the integrated theory are intended to emphasize the importance of healing environments and suggest methods in creating healing environments for urban alternative schools in the future.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.110-118
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• 2018

Purpose: Reminiscence therapy is a widely used intervention for older adults and those with dementia. However, the attributes of the concept of reminiscence is not clearly proposed. The aim of this study was to clarify the concept of reminiscence in Korean older adults with dementia. Methods: The study applied the concept analysis method of Walker and Avant. The literature review included the previous studies of reminiscence from philosophy, literature, art, neuroscience, medicine, psychology, sociology, and nursing. Results: A total of 43 Korean or international papers were analyzed in this study. Attributes of reminiscence in Korean older adults with dementia were regeneration of memories, internal and external communications, expression of suppressed emotions, and recognition of ego identity. The suppressed emotions and ego identity may result from Korean cultural characteristics based on the suppressed environments of many wars and dictatorships in the past. The consequences of reminiscence in Korean older adults with dementia are cognitive enhancement, relief of depression, and improvements of social interactions, ego integrity, and quality of life. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the historical and cultural characteristics should be considered to develop effective nursing interventions including reminiscence for Korean older adults with dementia.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.362-374
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• 2013

ICTs(Information and Communication Technologies) have changed the ways of social activities and communications, and in the process, online and offline spaces have been thought of as binary spaces in which online spaces substitute and erode offline spaces. The aim of this study is to explore how urban space where local social activities and communications are performed is constructed in terms of timespace through the intersection of online and offline communications and how the urban space is 'remediated' through online spaces. For this, the study looks at the case of a workshop on 'locality education' held at the Yeungnam University Museum in January 2013. Criticizing the dichotomist viewpoint that increasing in communications through online spaces results in the expansion of 'absent presence' or 'placelessness' in offline spaces, the study argues that online spaces remediating offline spaces are spaces not transcending the timespace constraints of the offline spaces but rather reflecting the spatial, temporal, material, social, cultural environments of urban space and place.