• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.407-410
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• 2000

인터넷이 보편화되고, 멀티미디어 처리 기술과 정보통신 기술이 발전함에 따라 인터넷을 이용한 원격교육 기술이 연구되고 있다. 인터넷을 통해 다양한 멀티미디어 자료를 제공하여 면대면 강의실 강의 효과를 얻을 수 있는 도구는 많이 등장하고 있으나, 강의 도구에서 제공해야 할 기능에 대한 표준이 존재하고 있지 않으며, 강의 행위를 기록하고 재생하기 위한 표준화된 자료구조가 없으며 강의 도구간의 자료호환이 되지 않고 있어 저작된 강의의 활용성이 낮다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서, 강의 행위를 표준화 하고 이에 따라 저작된 강의를 저장하고 실행하는 표준 및 메커니즘의 개발이 반드시 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 교수자의 음성과 다양한 드로잉과 포인터라는 교수자의 기본 강의 행위를 기준으로 강의를 저장하고 재생하는 멀티미디어 원격강의 도구를 구현하였다. 또한, SMIL을 확장하여 멀티미디어 원격강의를 저장하기 위한 자료구조인 SMILe(SMIL For Education)을 제안한다. 제안된 SMILe은 강의자의 음성 파일, 강의자료인 이미지 파일, 강의 드로잉, 포인팅을 시간적 프리젠테이션이 가능한 SMIL 문서로 나타낼 수 있어 보다 쉽고 효율적으로 멀티미디어 컨텐츠를 구성할 수 있다.

• American Studies
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.137-154
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• 2021

Due to her successful novel Little Women (1869), Louisa May Alcott has generally become known as a writer of sentimental fiction. However, her thrillers demonstrate her keen insights into domestic and international issues. Alcott's so-called "left hand" shows her stances on political and historical issues in America as well as in Europe and Asia. Particularly, Alcott's supporting voice for women against social prejudices is metaphorically portrayed in "A Whisper in the Dark" (1861). Interestingly, in the story Alcott displays her knowledge of the drug trades and the cultural effects of white male colonizers exploiting other peoples and countries around the globe, which were issues that she had learned about from neighboring intellectuals and newspapers. In the paper, I examine Alcott's radical views on gender equality, chauvinistic attitudes, and transnational politics in the mid-nineteenth century.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.148-148
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• 2006

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.149-149
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• 2006

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.47 no.9
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• pp.576-584
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• 2009

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.633-638
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• 2013

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.23-24
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• 2005

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.524-534
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• 2004

Statement of problem: The meaning of the beauty has a little different nature according to a time, culture, and nation. Purpose : This study was undertaken to estimate the geometric esthetic criteria for Korean woman by analysis of facial photograph in a smiling. Material and methods: The facial photographs of 678 Korean beautiful woman were collected from Miss Korea candidates(from 1971 to 2003 year). The dento-facial composition was measured and analyzed geometrically on computer monitor using $Adobe^{(R)}$ $Photoshop^{(R)}$ 7.0. The statistical significance of the differences among the 4 decade groups was estimated by a $x^2$ test. Result : The Korean beautiful woman skewed the geometric characteristics such as the 'coincidence' (83.0%) between facial midline and dental midline, the 'normal' (96.9%) alignment and arrangement of upper anterior teeth. the 'average' (79.1%) position and 'upward' (53.4%) curvature of upper lip, the 'parallel' (85.7%) relationship between the lower lip and upper anterior incisal curvature, the 'touching' (49.9%) and 'not-touching' (44.8%) relationship between upper anterior incisor and towel lip, the 'first premolar' (54.1%) and 'second premolar' (38.9%) displayed in a smile, and the 'symmetry' (89.4%) of smile. There was statistical significance among the 4 decades in the respect of the upper lip curvature, the relationship between upper anterior incisor and lower lip, and the most posterior teeth displayed in a smile (p<0.05). Conclusion : The Korean beautiful woman showed similar results to the western esthetic criteria in the some respects and the tendency that the Korean woman had more active smiling recently.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.279-290
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• 2021

Purpose: Using images in the facial image comparison process poses a challenge for forensic experts due to limitations such as the presence of facial expressions. The aims of this study were to analyze how morphometric changes in the face during a spontaneous smile influence the facial image comparison process and to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements obtained by digital stereophotogrammetry in these situations. Materials and Methods: Three examiners used digital stereophotogrammetry to obtain 3-dimensional images of the faces of 10 female participants(aged between 23 and 45 years). Photographs of the participants' faces were captured with their faces at rest (group 1) and with a spontaneous smile (group 2), resulting in a total of 60 3-dimensional images. The digital stereophotogrammetry device obtained the images with a 3.5-ms capture time, which prevented undesirable movements of the participants. Linear measurements between facial landmarks were made, in units of millimeters, and the data were subjected to multivariate and univariate statistical analyses using Pirouette^® version 4.5 (InfoMetrix Inc., Woodinville, WA, USA) and Microsoft Excel^® (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA), respectively. Results: The measurements that most strongly influenced the separation of the groups were related to the labial/buccal region. In general, the data showed low standard deviations, which differed by less than 10% from the measured mean values, demonstrating that the digital stereophotogrammetry technique was reproducible. Conclusion: The impact of spontaneous smiles on the facial image comparison process should be considered, and digital stereophotogrammetry provided good reproducibility.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.208-215
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• 2023

Background: Dental caries in preschool children can cause early loss of teeth, reduced masticatory function, malocclusion, and speech disorders, making oral care for preschool children essential. However, because children have a poor ability to perform oral hygiene by themselves, educational tools that help establish correct oral health behaviors are required. This study evaluated the effect of toothbrushing application for kids on dental plaque removal and toothbrushing interest in preschool children. Methods: Seven 5-year-old children enrolled in a daycare center participated in the evaluation, and the same children participated in the experiment twice a week. The Pokémon Smile application (App) was used as an auxiliary application for tooth brushing, and the degree of dental plaque removal on the tooth surface was evaluated by quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital imaging. After the experiment, children's toothbrushing preferences were investigated through interviews. Results: The levels of AREA R30 and AREA R70 measured after the children's toothbrushing as usual decreased compared to those before toothbrushing; however, the change was not significant. The levels of AREA R30 and AREA R70 measured after using the Pokémon Smile App were significantly reduced compared to those before toothbrushing. Children's interest in brushing their teeth increased by 28.59% after using the Pokémon Smile App. Conclusion: The toothbrushing application for kids effectively removes dental plaque by helping preschool children brush their teeth. It also increased preschool children's interest in tooth brushing. Therefore, an oral health education application would be useful for children who need to develop correct oral care methods and habits.