• International Journal of Contents
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2019

This study investigates how adolescents' smartphone attachment, social anxiety, and offline and smartphone network sizes are related to their friendship in regards to maintaining either a strong or weak bond. Based on an online survey involving 402 adolescent smartphone users in South Korea, this study found that smartphone attachment was positively related to a strong ties friendship maintenance and negatively related to weak ties friendships. Similarly, social anxiety was found to be negatively associated with friendship maintenance for both strong and weak - tie relationships. More importantly, this study revealed that the types and size of social networks moderated the relationships among adolescents with smartphone attachment, social anxiety, and friendship maintenance through smartphones.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.225-230
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data that mother's smart phone overdependence prevention education are needed by confirming the relationship between mother' s smartphone overdependence and parent role intelligence. The research subjects were 220 mothers of 0-2 years old who are attending 15 day care centers in Cheong-ju, Chung-buk. The research tool used smartphone overdependence scale, and parent role intelligence scale. For the analysis of the study, frequency analysis, Pearson's Ratio correlation and regression analysis were performed. The results showed that mother's smartphone overdependence was negatively correlated with parental role intelligence and negatively correlated with developmental stimulation, parenting, support, and management. The multiple regression analysis showed that there was a significant negative effect on the smartphone overdependency, parent role intelligence, and sub factors. This suggests that smartphone overdependence prevention education for mother should be needed for nurturing of desirable infants.

• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.222-227
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• 2018

Objective: The university students of the four universities located in the Gyeongbuk province district were studied to confirm the correlation between smartphone addiction and oral health behavior. Methods: The target audience was a total of 587 people, and from April 18, 2017 until June 10, 2017, collected data using individual questionnaire methods and analyzed using the IBM SPSS WIN 24.0 program. Results: Smartphone addiction was high in health related major, and oral health behaviors were high in non health related major. And the first grade students who smoke and drinking showed a high correlation between smartphone addiction and oral health behavior. Conclusion: It is possible to confirm the correlation between smartphone addiction of university students and oral health behaviors, and the smartphone guideline and appropriate oral health education program are required.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.35-51
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of young children's emotionality on their smartphone overuse and to verify the mediation effect of mothers' play participation on the relationship between young children's emotionality and their smartphone overuse. Methods: Research participants include 274 mothers and their children aged 2 to 4 years old. The mothers completed questionnaires. Data analysis was performed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and mediation analysis using SPSS 23.0. Results: The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, The young children's emotionality showed a positive association with their smartphone overuse. Second, Their emotionality was negatively associated with their mothers' play participation. Finally, the mothers' play participation was found to partially mediate the relationship between young children's emotionality and smartphone overuse. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to provide parent education for supporting mothers' play participation to prevent children from developing smartphone overuse.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.204-219
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• 2018

This paper touches the limitations of existing theories related to technology acceptance, which mainly focus on users' perceived ease of use and usefulness, and proposes the role for sensory capabilities and enjoyment in understanding smartphone use. Furthermore, we develop a model that explains smartphone usage and intention to use it for a task and analyzes 442 questionnaire survey responses of smartphone users. First, perceived usefulness, perceived sensory capability, and perceived enjoyment influenced smartphone usage. Second, we found that both perceived usefulness and smartphone use were significantly associated with users' intention to utilize the smartphone for their job-related tasks. Finally, both perceived sensory capability and enjoyment were found to be more powerful factors than ease of use in explaining smartphone use. From the study findings, implications and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2011

Smartphone is a mobile device which can perform better than feature phone. Recently, growth in demand for advanced mobile devices boasting powerful performance, market share of smartphone is increasing rapidly in mobile device market, for example, iphone and android phone. Smartphone can provide many functionalities, e-mail, scheduler, word-processing, 3D-game, and etc, based on its powerful performance. Thus, various secret information is integrated in smartphone. To provide service, sometimes, smartphone transmits informations to outside via wireless network. Because smartphone is a mobile device, user can lose his/her smartphone, easily, and losing smartphone can cause serious security threats, because of integrated information in smartphone. Also data which is transmitted in wireless network can be protected for privacy. Thus, in present, it is very important to keep secure smartphone. In this paper, we analyze threats and vulnerabilities of smartphone based on its environments and describe countermeasures against threats and vulnerabilities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.391-400
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the connections between life stress and smartphone addiction of nursing college students. The subjects included nursing college students in some areas. Data were collected in November and December, 2018 from a total of 240 subjects. Collected data were subjected to frequency, percentage, t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, and ANOVA analyses to identify differences in smartphone addiction level and stress characteristics according to general characteristics. Correlations between smartphone addiction and stress characteristics were investigated by Pearson's correlation analysis, and factors influencing smartphone addiction were examined by hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The findings showed that independent variables had explanatory powers of 14.8% and 32.7% in Models 1 and 2, respectively. The study examined differences in smartphone addiction level according to the general characteristics of the subjects and found that female college students had a higher level of smartphone addiction than their male counterparts. The smartphone addiction level was high in those who were not satisfied with college life, used a smartphone for five hours or more a day, and spent many hours on SNS. Evaluation of differences in stress characteristics according to their general characteristics revealed female college students scored higher for stress characteristics. The means of the stress characteristics were also high for those who were not satisfied with college life, used a smartphone for many hours, and had a high risk of smartphone addiction. In conclusion, female gender, hours of smartphone usage and SNS, academic stress, and value stress were important factors influencing the smartphone addiction of nursing college students. These findings indicate the need to reinforce a stress management program for nursing college students and thus provide them with multifaceted support for stress management.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.192-202
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• 2019

This study was a descriptive study to investigate the factors influencing on self-esteem, ego resilience, impulsivity and life stress on smartphone addiction among college students. The subjects include college students in some areas. Data was collected in November and December, 2018. Total 231 college students were analyzed in the study. Collected data was analyzed in frequency, percentage, and t-test to examine differences in smartphone addiction according to general characteristics. Pearson's correlation was performed to examine correlations between smartphone addiction and main variables, and the factors influencing smartphone addiction were analyzed in multiple regression. The findings show that genera, satisfaction with college life, hours of using a smartphone, hours of using SNS, ego resilience, impulsivity, and life stress had significant effects on smartphone addiction. The study examined relations between general characters and smartphone addiction and found that the level of smartphone addiction was high in female college students, those who were not satisfied with college life, and used a smartphone and SNS for many hours. Ego resilience had negative correlations with smartphone addiction, and impulsivity and life stress had positive correlations with it. Multi-variate regression analysis results show that gender, ego resilience, and life stress were factors that had important influences on the smartphone addiction of college students, having explanatory power of 35.6%. In short, colleges and universities need to develop a school-level program to improve the college life of students and reduce their stress to the minimum and create an environment of encouraging them to grow power of controlling their lives so that they can prevent smartphone addiction.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.599-609
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• 2015

As smartphone usage has increased recently, so has smartphone addiction. Many of the smartphone users, however, do not even recognize the risk of smartphone addiction. In this experiment, smartphone users have been categorized into two groups by smartphone addiction measure (S-measure) developed by 2011 National Information Society Agency (NIA): A high risk group and a normal group. The changes of brain waves have been observed when the subjects were watching emotional videos of anger, sadness, happiness, and fear. The results show that the values of FP1 and FP2 (frontal lobe) theta band of the high risk group have been measured to be high, which indicate anxiety disorder. Although happiness and fear videos showed no difference between these groups, sadness and anger videos showed significantly different results for these groups: the brain waves of the high risk group showed higher values than those of the normal group. Therefore, this experiment showed that the high risk group takes feelings of sadness and anger more sensitively than the normal group.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.383-392
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with smartphone overdependency in preschool children based on an analysis of mother, child, and their mutual dyadic relationships. Methods: Data were collected from 171 mothers of preschool children enrolled at daycare centers and kindergartens from January to March 2018. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance with $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ post hoc test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS version 24. Results: The self regulation of preschool children (${\beta}=-.358$, p<.001) was the factor most closely associated with smartphone overdependency. The second most closely associated factor was children's use of a smartphone 0.5-1 hour daily (${\beta}=-.249$, p=.005). Additional associated factors were mothers' use of a smartphone for 3-4 hours daily (${\beta}=.217$, p=.002), children's use of a smartphone for less than 0.5 hour daily (${\beta}=-.212$, p=.006), and children's use of a smartphone for 1-2 days per week (${\beta}=-.205$, p=.026). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to try to develop guidelines and programs to prevent smart phone overdependency in preschool children.