• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 2011

Recently, the Project Financing industry has appeared the various change of the development environment in the rapid growth. So the Project Financing company has been trying to search Project Financing able to success and they are performing diversified researching to prepare the judgment ground of success from initial stage of development. The aim of this study is to find success factors which is in the Project Financing through collecting opinion of specialist and talking survey to people employed in Project Financing development field. Consequently, we indicate success factors using Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) and make out success factors for the Project Financing. Furthermore, we suggest the way which is able to apply factors objectified so that exceed the development success Project Financing objectively.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.216-224
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• 2013

There are the relevant provisions that apply to building regulations about the Building codes, Fire Protection laws, and more Multi-using interior finish materials businesses etc. The differences between these regulations are as follows: The Building codes is defined the main use of the building according to facilities to used to set the scale by the use of the floor space, On the other hand, Fire Protection laws are the basic purpose and the act of using the architectural space(or sales) by separating object by fire. And Multiple-using Businesses Facilities consist of two regulations engaged in the kind of law and the size of the floor area. One building can not be based on operating facilities and together in Multiple use businesses Law. As such, the Buildings are applied to the Building codes, Fire Protection laws, such as Multi-using Businesses Facilities interior construction industry due to the structural differences in the position of the designer feeling a lot of difficulties and confusion. The Multi-use businesses Facilities engage in the kind of law, the size of the floor area and seating capacity. These can not be based on operating facilities, and consists of two regulations together in one building. This study is purposed to help improving the finish of the interior architecture that is related to the Building code regulations, Fire Protection laws, Multi-using Facilities interior finishing material relevant with the provisions from the law through analyze the case of developed countries, and the current Multiple use Businesses Facilities research range from the law of multiple-using facilities, interior finishing, interior architecture for supervision reasonably and compensation for the interior design. So, Result is as follows: First, interior decorations can be separated the fixed material and the moveable things. second, It should be included multi-using Business though small size business space at the basement floor. third, It should be established statute law that design and construction responsibility. forth, re-testing fire resist performance after some period. and finally, it need to mitigate regulation where be installed sprinkler.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.604-610
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• 2018

Recently, due to the rapid growth of the leisure industry, demand for small-scale flotation and mooring pontoon platforms has been increasing rapidly. Standard rules for the design and structural safety of such structures have become necessary. This paper provides criteria that can be referenced when designing pontoon platforms, and also introduces structural safety evaluation procedures. In this study, the structural safety and stability of a 15-meter pontoon platform were investigated through structural design and finite element analysis. For platforms of less than 10 meters in length, a simple structural calculation can be used, but for platforms over 10 meters, a detailed structural strength review must be considered to meet safety guidelines defined in existing regulations. The structural strength of the initial design was examined and its structural safety was verified. For future research, it is an evaluative system was developed that can be used to examine the various loading conditions during design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.495-508
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to develop a quantified water loss Index to evaluate and manage leakage scientifically for the reduction of non-revenue water in water distribution systems. For the purpose, unavoidable background leakage suggested from UK water industry and IWA, and allowable water leakage in accord with the concept of allowable water loss are proposed by analyzing the inflow into two study water districts and the short-term water use of each customer in the districts. The study distribution areas are selected among the metered districts with good maintenance of leakage after improvement activities in Nonsan, medium sized city in Korea. Estimation models of allowable leakage are developed by metering and analyzing the minimum night flow at residential and commercial areas in the city. In the results of the investigation, it is estimated that background night flow in residential area was larger than that of commercial area where the types of business shows small water use characteristics. Meanwhile, night flow and background water loss on internal plumbing systems show great differences for each district which is influenced much by the water use characteristics and facilities scale. Based on metering water use data in various districts, leakage management criteria can be established under the consideration of domestic conditions in Korea by analyzing separated real water use and background leakage and it is possible to apply into presentation of optimal leakage level and reasonable time for working activities for leakage reduction.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2015

In the construction industry, the interest for recycling aggregates is rising as more people demand for alternatives due to lack of supply of natural aggregates and environmental problems. However, in order for recycled aggregates to be used in infrastructures, stability and other factors need to be verified. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the sensitivity of soil properties to secure slope safety according to various heights of embankment when bottom ash and dredged soil mixture is applied in the embankment. In most cases, all heights were safe for the slide for the embankment whether the water level is full or sudden draw down. The result of the sensitivity analysis revealed that the unit weight of embankments is highest among all factors to be considered. However, the sensitivity of the unit weight became smaller and the sensitivity of the friction angle of embankments increased with the height of embankments. The sensitivity of factors of core materials is very small because the core has weaker physical properties than those of the embankment. The effect of the height for each factor is different for each slope and water levels. The sensitivity of the unit weight of embankments is most affected when the height is 60m in the upstream slope. To conclude, bottom ash and dredged soil mixture can be applied in the embankment and different factors must be considered in different scale because the sensitivity depends highly on the height of embankments.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.45-58
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• 1994

Over the last 20 years, membrane separation processes, such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and microfiltration, have been widely adopted by different industries. Commercial uses of membrane have displaced conventional separation processes, such as distillation, evaporation, precoat filter and so on. Membrane separation processes are often more capital and energy efficient when compared with conventional separation processes. Membrane devices and systems are almost always compact and modular. These are the well-known advantages of membrane separation processes. The disadvantage of the membrane process is that the process does not have scale merit and thus the membrane process is suitable for the small and middle size applications. Energy saving is, of course, the biggest advantage of the membrane process, and in many industries the membrane processes are employed because of this reason. Membrane process has other big advantage. In many applications membrane processes provide much higher quality of product than conventional processes. The example is ultrapure water production by membrane processes in semiconductor industry. Conventional technologies never offer such good quality of pure water. If you can obtain both energy saving and higher quality of product at the same time by membrane processes, this is the best application of membrane processes. One example is the concentration of orange juice by membrane, which has already been commercialized in Japan. Comparing with the conventional vacuum evaporation process, juice concentrated by the membrane process has much better taste and flavor and the energy consumption in the membrane process is much less than the evaporation process. In this paper, first membrane separation technology will be classified and then Japanese membrane manufacturers and new modules and devices under development in Japan will be introduced. Fourth energy saving in membrane process will be discussed and finally practical applications of membrane processes in Japan will be shown.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2013

For this study, a series of interviews with engineers in the Korean construction industry was carried out through a formal workshop format to analyze the causes of the inferior quality of builders' hardware. The authors established the causes of defects in window hardware construction in relation to the three aspects of system, design, and construction as involving the following seven factors: lack of system (including low ability to create construction specifications); low social awareness of the importance of window hardware; low technical capability to create design drawings; low design costs; small manufacturing capacity; low construction cost; and short duration of construction. Among the seven causes, the biggest cause of defects in window hardware construction is the lack of a system (low ability to create construction specifications), followed by low technical capability to create design drawings. In addition, this study carried out basic research to create measures to prevent defects in window hardware construction by analyzing how such causes of defects are distributed depending on the scale of architectural firms and construction companies during actual projects.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.501-508
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• 2003

Artificial coupling of one enzyme with another can provide an efficient means for the production of industrially important chemicals. Xylose reductase has been recently discovered to be useful in the reductive production of xylitol. However, a limitation of its in vitro or in vivo use is the regeneration of the cofactor NAD(P)H in the enzyme activity. In the present study, an efficient process for the production of xylitol from D-xylose was established by coupling two enzymes. A NADH-dependent xylose reductase (XR) from Pichia stipitis catalyzed the reduction of xylose with a stoichiometric consumption of NADH, and the resulting cofactor $NAD^+$ was continuously re-reduced by formate dehydrogenase (FDH) for regeneration. Using simple kinetic analyses as tools for process optimization, suitable conditions for the performance and yield of the coupled reaction were established. The optimal reaction temperature and pH were determined to be about $30^{\circ}C$ and 7.0, respectively. Formate, as a substrate of FDH, affected the yield and cofactor regeneration, and was, therefore, adjusted to a concentration of 20 mM. When the total activity of FDH was about 1.8-fold higher than that of XR, the performance was better than that by any other activity ratios. As expected, there were no distinct differences in the conversion yields of reactions, when supplied with the oxidized form $NAD^+$ instead of the reduced form NADH, as a starting cofactor for regeneration. Under these conditions, a complete conversion (>99%) could be readily obtained from a small-scale batch reaction.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 1992

The $\alpha$-FeOOH powders were prepared by allkaline and acidic method on the small scale plant from the waste pickling liquor of iron. $\alpha$-FeOOH, $\alpha-Fe_2O_3$, $Fe_3O_4$ and ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ powders were examined by TEM, SEM, TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction, VSM and chemical analysis. The results obtained from the experiment could be summerized as follows : the reaction time for the preparation of $\alpha$-FeOOH was observed to be smaller in the case of alkaline method and the products was acicular with the size of about $0.5\mu\textrm{m}$. The color of $\alpha-FeOOH and $\alpha-Fe_2O_3$was lovely yellow and red, respectively. The magnetic properties of $Fe_3O_4$ obtained by the reduction of $\alpha-Fe_2O_3$in the $H_2$ atomosphere at $370^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour showed 367(Oe) and 82.7(emu/g).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.763-764
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• 2013

A three-dimensional image capturing device and its signal processing algorithm and apparatus are presented. Three dimensional information is one of emerging differentiators that provides consumers with more realistic and immersive experiences in user interface, game, 3D-virtual reality, and 3D display. It has the depth information of a scene together with conventional color image so that full-information of real life that human eyes experience can be captured, recorded and reproduced. 20 Mega-Hertz-switching high speed image shutter device for 3D image capturing and its application to system prototype are presented[1,2]. For 3D image capturing, the system utilizes Time-of-Flight (TOF) principle by means of 20MHz high-speed micro-optical image modulator, so called 'optical resonator'. The high speed image modulation is obtained using the electro-optic operation of the multi-layer stacked structure having diffractive mirrors and optical resonance cavity which maximizes the magnitude of optical modulation[3,4]. The optical resonator is specially designed and fabricated realizing low resistance-capacitance cell structures having small RC-time constant. The optical shutter is positioned in front of a standard high resolution CMOS image sensor and modulates the IR image reflected from the object to capture a depth image (Figure 1). Suggested novel optical resonator enables capturing of a full HD depth image with depth accuracy of mm-scale, which is the largest depth image resolution among the-state-of-the-arts, which have been limited up to VGA. The 3D camera prototype realizes color/depth concurrent sensing optical architecture to capture 14Mp color and full HD depth images, simultaneously (Figure 2,3). The resulting high definition color/depth image and its capturing device have crucial impact on 3D business eco-system in IT industry especially as 3D image sensing means in the fields of 3D camera, gesture recognition, user interface, and 3D display. This paper presents MEMS-based optical resonator design, fabrication, 3D camera system prototype and signal processing algorithms.